1.概念
名稱 | 含義 |
---|---|
channel | 頻道:生產者和消費者直接操作的對象 |
publish | 生產者:向channel發送消息 |
subscribe | 消費者:訂閱一個或多個channel |
psubscribe | 消費者:匹配訂閱一個或多個channel |
punsubscribe | 退訂:匹配退訂,無參數則退訂全部channel |
unsubscribe | 退訂:退訂指定的channel,無參數則退訂全部channel |
pubsub | 列出當前活動channel(至少有一個訂閱) |
2.注意事項
1.生產者publish消息時打開一個連接,publish後連接可以立即關閉
2.channel只接收publish發送的消息,自身不存儲消息,如果channel沒有被訂閱,則消息丟棄
3.訂閱的消費者需要一直在線,阻塞獲取消息,連接斷開表示立即退訂
3.使用rawCommand命令實現發佈訂閱
rawCommand是php-redis擴展中提供的命令,可以向redis發送任何原生的命令
1.消費者訂閱Subscribe.php
消費者需要創建redis長連接,並且設置set_time_limit和default_socket_timeout,以確保阻塞獲取消息過程php不超時,socket連接不超時
<?php
/**
* Created by PhpStorm.
* User: jmsite.cn
* Date: 2019/1/23
* Time: 11:29
*/
//設置php腳本執行時間
set_time_limit(0);
//設置socket連接超時時間
ini_set('default_socket_timeout', -1);
//聲明測試頻道名稱
$channelName = "testPubSub";
$channelName2 = "testPubSub2";
try {
$redis = new Redis();
//建立一個長鏈接
$redis->pconnect('192.168.75.132', 6379);
//阻塞獲取消息
while (true){
//構建命令參數
$param = array('subscribe', $channelName, $channelName2);
//使用call_user_func_array回調執行命令
$ret = call_user_func_array(array($redis, 'rawCommand'), $param);
//如果結果是消息結構
if (isset($ret[0]) && $ret[0] == 'message'){
//輸出消息頻道和消息內容
echo "channel:".$ret[1].",message:".$ret[2]."\n";
} else {
//沒有消息休眠1秒
sleep(1);
}
}
} catch (Exception $e){
echo $e->getMessage();
}
2.生產者發送消息Publish.php
<?php
/**
* Created by PhpStorm.
* User: jmsite.cn
* Date: 2019/1/23
* Time: 11:59
*/
$channelName = "testPubSub";
$channelName2 = "testPubSub2";
//向指定頻道發送消息
try {
$redis = new Redis();
$redis->connect('192.168.75.132', 6379);
for ($i=0;$i<5;$i++){
$data = array('key' => 'key'.$i, 'data' => 'testdata');
$param = array('publish', $channelName, json_encode($data));
$ret = call_user_func_array(array($redis, 'rawCommand'), $param);
print_r($ret);
}
} catch (Exception $e){
echo $e->getMessage();
}
3.執行消費者訂閱,開始阻塞獲取消息php Subscribe.php
4.執行生產者,開始發送消息php Publish.php
php .\Publish.php
22222
#返回執行結果:頻道的訂閱數量
查看消費者終端
php .\Subscribe.php
channel:testPubSub,message:{"key":"key0","data":"testdata"}
channel:testPubSub,message:{"key":"key1","data":"testdata"}
channel:testPubSub,message:{"key":"key2","data":"testdata"}
channel:testPubSub,message:{"key":"key3","data":"testdata"}
channel:testPubSub,message:{"key":"key4","data":"testdata"}
消費者獲取到了生產者發送的消息。
4.直接使用php-redis擴展提供的方法實現發佈訂閱
1.消費者訂閱Subscribe.php
<?php
/**
* Created by PhpStorm.
* User: jmsite.cn
* Date: 2019/1/23
* Time: 11:29
*/
//設置php腳本執行時間
set_time_limit(0);
//設置socket連接超時時間
ini_set('default_socket_timeout', -1);
//聲明測試頻道名稱
$channelName = "testPubSub";
$channelName2 = "testPubSub2";
try {
$redis = new Redis();
//建立一個長鏈接
$redis->pconnect('192.168.75.132', 6379);
//阻塞獲取消息
$redis->subscribe(array($channelName, $channelName2), function ($redis, $chan, $msg){
echo "channel:".$chan.",message:".$msg."\n";
});
} catch (Exception $e){
echo $e->getMessage();
}
2.生產者發送消息Publish.php
<?php
/**
* Created by PhpStorm.
* User: jmsite.cn
* Date: 2019/1/23
* Time: 11:59
*/
$channelName = "testPubSub";
$channelName2 = "testPubSub2";
//向指定頻道發送消息
try {
$redis = new Redis();
$redis->connect('192.168.75.132', 6379);
for ($i=0;$i<5;$i++){
$data = array('key' => 'key'.$i, 'data' => 'testdata');
$ret = $redis->publish($channelName, json_encode($data));
print_r($ret);
}
} catch (Exception $e){
echo $e->getMessage();
}
3.執行消費者訂閱,開始阻塞獲取消息php Subscribe.php
4.執行生產者,開始發送消息php Publish.php
php .\Publish.php
22222
#返回執行結果:頻道的訂閱數量
查看消費者終端
php .\Subscribe.php
channel:testPubSub,message:{"key":"key0","data":"testdata"}
channel:testPubSub,message:{"key":"key1","data":"testdata"}
channel:testPubSub,message:{"key":"key2","data":"testdata"}
channel:testPubSub,message:{"key":"key3","data":"testdata"}
channel:testPubSub,message:{"key":"key4","data":"testdata"}
消費者同樣獲取到了生產者發送的消息。
退訂和查看活動channel命令與生產者和消費者類似,只是參數不同而已。