47 監控系統基礎及zabbix介紹、zabbix工作原理及安裝配置、zabbix on CentOS7、zabbix配置

02    zabbix工作原理及安裝配置

配置環境

node1192.168.1.120CentOS6.7

node2192.168.1.121CentOS6.7

1、安裝配置zabbix

#安裝前準備

[root@node1 ~]#yum -y install mysql-server mysq

[root@node1 ~]# mysql

mysql> CREATE DATABASE zabbix CHARACTER SET utf8;

mysql> GRANT ALL on zabbix.* TO 'zbxuser'@'192.168.1.%' IDENTIFIED BY 'zbxpass';

mysql>GRANT ALL on zabbix.* TO 'zbxuser'@'node1' IDENTIFIED BY 'zbxpass';

mysql> FLUSH PRIVILEGES;

mysql> \q

#安裝zabbix

[root@node1 ~]# cd zabbix-2.4/

[root@node1 zabbix-2.4]# ls

zabbix-2.4.0-1.el6.x86_64.rpm

zabbix-agent-2.4.0-1.el6.x86_64.rpm

zabbix-get-2.4.0-1.el6.x86_64.rpm

zabbix-java-gateway-2.4.0-1.el6.x86_64.rpm

zabbix-proxy-2.4.0-1.el6.x86_64.rpm

zabbix-proxy-mysql-2.4.0-1.el6.x86_64.rpm

zabbix-proxy-pgsql-2.4.0-1.el6.x86_64.rpm

zabbix-proxy-sqlite3-2.4.0-1.el6.x86_64.rpm

zabbix-release-2.4-1.el6.noarch.rpm

zabbix-sender-2.4.0-1.el6.x86_64.rpm

zabbix-server-2.4.0-1.el6.x86_64.rpm

zabbix-server-mysql-2.4.0-1.el6.x86_64.rpm

zabbix-server-pgsql-2.4.0-1.el6.x86_64.rpm

zabbix-web-2.4.0-1.el6.noarch.rpm

zabbix-web-japanese-2.4.0-1.el6.noarch.rpm

zabbix-web-mysql-2.4.0-1.el6.noarch.rpm

zabbix-web-pgsql-2.4.0-1.el6.noarch.rpm

[root@node1 zabbix-2.4]# yum -y install zabbix-release-2.4-1.el6.noarch.rpm 

[root@node1 zabbix-2.4]# yum install zabbix-server-2.4.0-1.el6.x86_64.rpm \

zabbix-server-mysql-2.4.0-1.el6.x86_64.rpm zabbix-get-2.4.0-1.el6.x86_64.rpm \

zabbix-2.4.0-1.el6.x86_64.rpm zabbix-web-2.4.0-1.el6.noarch.rpm \

zabbix-web-mysql-2.4.0-1.el6.noarch.rpm zabbix-agent-2.4.0-1.el6.x86_64.rpm \

zabbix-sender-2.4.0-1.el6.x86_64.rpm   -y   

#配置zabbix服務端

[root@node1 zabbix-2.4]# cd /etc/zabbix/

[root@node1 zabbix]# ls

web  zabbix_agentd.conf  zabbix_agentd.d  zabbix_server.conf

[root@node1 zabbix]# service httpd start

[root@node1 zabbix]# ls /etc/httpd/conf.d/

php.conf  README  welcome.conf  zabbix.conf

[root@node1 zabbix]# cd /usr/share/doc/zabbix-server-mysql-2.4.0/

[root@node1 zabbix-server-mysql-2.4.0]# ls

create  upgrades

[root@node1 zabbix-server-mysql-2.4.0]# cd create/

[root@node1 create]# ls

data.sql  p_w_picpaths.sql  schema.sql

[root@node1 create]# mysql zabbix < schema.sql

[root@node1 create]# mysql zabbix < p_w_picpaths.sql 

[root@node1 create]# mysql zabbix < data.sql 

[root@node1 create]# cd /etc/zabbix/

[root@node1 zabbix]# vim zabbix_server.conf 

修改

# DBHost=localhost

爲

DBHost=192.168.1.120

修改

DBUser=zabbix

爲

DBUser=zbxuser

修改

# DBPassword=

爲

DBPassword=zbxpass

修改

DBSocket=/var/lib/mysql/mysql.sock

爲

DBSocket=/tmp/mysql.sock

[root@node1 zabbix]# service zabbix-server start

配置zabbix web 

[root@node1 zabbix]# cd

[root@node1 ~]# vim /etc/php.ini 

修改

;date.timezone =

爲

date.timezone = Asia/Shanghai

[root@node1 ~]# service httpd restart

登錄

http://192.168.1.120/zabbix/setup.php

配置Configure DB connection

Database type:MySQL

Database host:192.168.1.120

Database name:zabbix

User:zbxuser

Password:zbxpass

Zabbix server details

Host:192.168.1.120

Name:node1

默認登錄用戶名密碼：admin/zabbix

2、監控主機

配置監控主機監控自己

[root@node1 ~]# cd /etc/zabbix/

[root@node1 zabbix]# vim zabbix_agentd.conf 

修改

Server=127.0.0.1

爲

Server=127.0.0.1,192.168.1.120

修改

ServerActive=127.0.0.1

爲

ServerActive=127.0.0.1,192.168.1.120

修改

Hostname=Zabbix server

爲

Hostname=node1#主機名要使用DNS解析的域名，最好局域網中唯一

[root@node1 zabbix]# service zabbix-agent start

添加監控主機

1、Agentd端配置

[root@node1 ~]# scp -r zabbix-2.4/ node2:/root

[root@node2 zabbix-2.4]# yum -y install zabbix-2.4.0-1.el6.x86_64.rpm zabbix-agent-2.4.0-1.el6.x86_64.rpm zabbix-sender-2.4.0-1.el6.x86_64.rpm 

[root@node2 zabbix-2.4]# cd /etc/zabbix/

[root@node2 zabbix]# vim zabbix_agentd.conf

修改

Server=127.0.0.1

爲

Server=192.168.1.120

修改

ServerActive=127.0.0.1

爲

ServerActive=192.168.1.120

修改

Hostname=Zabbix server

爲

Hostname=node2

[root@node2 zabbix]# service zabbix-agent start

2、登錄zaggix-agent配置

網址：http://192.168.1.131/zabbix/

2.1、Create host

Configuration->Hosts=>Create host

2.2、配置Hosts

2.2.1、Hosts=>Host

點擊“Add”，完成添加主機！

03    zabbix on CentOS 7

1、安裝zabbix

[root@node1 ~]# rpm -ivh epel-release-latest-7.noarch.rpm 

[root@node1 ~]# yum -y install mariadb-server

[root@node1 ~]# vim /etc/my.cnf

添加 

innodb_file_per_table = 1

skip_name_resolve = 1

[root@node1 ~]# systemctl start mariadb.service 

[root@node1 ~]# ls *rpm

epel-release-latest-7.noarch.rpm

zabbix-2.4.6-1.el7.x86_64.rpm

zabbix-agent-2.4.6-1.el7.x86_64.rpm

zabbix-get-2.4.6-1.el7.x86_64.rpm

zabbix-java-gateway-2.4.6-1.el7.x86_64.rpm

zabbix-sender-2.4.6-1.el7.x86_64.rpm

zabbix-server-2.4.6-1.el7.x86_64.rpm

zabbix-server-mysql-2.4.6-1.el7.x86_64.rpm

zabbix-web-2.4.6-1.el7.noarch.rpm

[root@node1 ~]# yum install *rpm -y

2、配置zabbix

[root@node1 ~]# mysql

MariaDB [(none)]> CREATE DATABASE zabbix CHARACTER SET utf8 COLLATE utf8_bin;

MariaDB [(none)]> GRANT ALL ON zabbix.* TO 'zbxuser'@'192.168.1.%' IDENTIFIED BY 'zbxpass';

MariaDB [(none)]> FLUSH PRIVILEGES;

MariaDB [(none)]> \q

[root@node1 ~]# cd /usr/share/doc/zabbix-server-mysql-2.4.6/create/

[root@node1 create]# ls

data.sql  p_w_picpaths.sql  schema.sql

[root@node1 create]# mysql zabbix < schema.sql 

[root@node1 create]# mysql zabbix < p_w_picpaths.sql 

[root@node1 create]# mysql zabbix < data.sql 

[root@node1 create]# cd /etc/zabbix/

[root@node1 zabbix]# ls

web                 zabbix_agentd.d           zabbix_server.conf

zabbix_agentd.conf  zabbix_java_gateway.conf

[root@node1 zabbix]# vim zabbix_server.conf

修改

# DBHost=localhost

爲

DBHost=192.168.1.131

修改

DBUser=zabbix

爲

DBUser=zbxuser

修改

# DBPassword=

爲

DBPassword=zbxpass

[root@node1 zabbix]# systemctl start zabbix-server.service

3、配置zabbix-web

[root@node1 zabbix]# cd /etc/httpd/conf.d/

[root@node1 conf.d]# vim zabbix.conf 

修改

# php_value date.timezone Europe/Riga

爲

php_value date.timezone Asia/Shanghai

[root@node1 conf.d]# systemctl start httpd.service 

訪問

http://192.168.1.131/zabbix/setup.php

Configure DB connection

Database type MySQL

Database host 192.168.1.131

Database namezabbix

userzbxuser

passwordzbxpass

默認登錄用戶名密碼：Admin/zabbix

4、監控服務器本機啓用監控

[root@node1 conf.d]# cd /etc/zabbix/

[root@node1 zabbix]# vim zabbix_agentd.conf 

[root@node1 zabbix]# systemctl start zabbix-agent.service 

04    zabbix配置入門

1、添加監控主機

[root@node2 ~]# ls *rpm

zabbix-2.4.6-1.el7.x86_64.rpm        zabbix-sender-2.4.6-1.el7.x86_64.rpm

zabbix-agent-2.4.6-1.el7.x86_64.rpm

[root@node2 ~]# yum -y install *rpm

[root@node2 ~]# cd /etc/zabbix/

[root@node2 zabbix]# vim zabbix_agentd.conf

修改

Server=127.0.0.1

爲

Server=192.168.1.120

修改

ServerActive=127.0.0.1

爲

ServerActive=192.168.1.120

修改

Hostname=Zabbix server

爲

Hostname=node2

[root@node2 zabbix]# service zabbix-agent start

#添加SNMP監控

[root@node2 zabbix]# yum -y install net-snmp

[root@node2 zabbix]# service snmpd start

2、監控項

#查找所有可用的Key

MariaDB [zabbix]> use zabbix; 

MariaDB [zabbix]> SELECT key_,type FROM items;

注：type值爲0的爲zabbix_agent提供的

#獲取指定主機的system.uname

[root@node1 ~]# zabbix_get -s 192.168.1.132 -k "system.uname"

Linux node2 3.10.0-327.el7.x86_64 #1 SMP Thu Nov 19 22:10:57 UTC 2015 x86_64

#獲取指定主機的網卡流出流量

[root@node1 ~]# zabbix_get -s 192.168.1.132 -k "net.if.out[eno16777736]"

1375696

#獲取指定主機的網卡流入流量

[root@node1 ~]# zabbix_get -s 192.168.1.132 -k "net.if.in[eno16777736]" 

36396519

#獲取指定主機的CPU中斷次數

[root@node1 ~]# zabbix_get -s 192.168.1.132 -k "system.cpu.intr"

7804460

1、添加items

1.1、Configuration=>Hosts，在主機中點擊“items”=>"Create item"，錄入相關屬性，“Add”

1.2、Create Item

1.3、添加items屬性

單擊“Add”

2、添加Graphs

2.1、 Configuration=>Hosts

2.2、Create graph

2.3、填寫Graphs的各屬性

3、創建Triggers

3.1、Configuration=>Hosts=>Triggers

3.2、Create Trigger

3.3、填寫Triggers屬性

4、配置通知方式

4.1、Administration=>Media types=>Createmedia type

4.2、配置通知屬性

5、創建接收郵件用戶

5.1、Administration=>Users=>users

5.2、Administration=>Users=>user

5.3、Administration=>Users=>Media

6、配置報警功能

6.1、Configuration=>Actions=>Creat eaction

6.2.1、Configuration=>Actions=>Action

Name: interrupts problem

Default message:

Trigger: {TRIGGER.NAME}

Trigger status: {TRIGGER.STATUS}

Trigger severity: {TRIGGER.SEVERITY}

Trigger URL: {TRIGGER.URL}

Item values:

1. {ITEM.NAME1} ({HOST.NAME1}:{ITEM.KEY1}):{ITEM.VALUE1}

2. {ITEM.NAME2} ({HOST.NAME2}:{ITEM.KEY2}):{ITEM.VALUE2}

3. {ITEM.NAME3} ({HOST.NAME3}:{ITEM.KEY3}):{ITEM.VALUE3}

Original event ID: {EVENT.ID}

 

FROM: mail.magedu.com

6.2.2、Configuration=>Actions=>Conditions

6.3.1、Configuration=>Actions=>Operations=New

6.3.2、配置New屬性

[root@node1 ~]# yum -y install hping3

[root@node1 ~]# hping 192.168.1.132 --faster

05    zabbix基本配置入門

1、修改zabbix顯示語言

1.1、點擊屏幕右上角的“Profile”

1.2、修改顯示語言

[root@node2 ~]# vim /etc/zabbix/zabbix_agentd.conf