Linux_MySQL下(4) 未整理

表的引用方式:

       tbl_name

       db_name.tbl_name

                    

第二種創建方式:

       複製表結構;

                                  

第三種創建方式:

       複製表數據;

                    

索引管理:

索引是特殊的數據結構;主要是爲了加速數據操作,不理於寫操作

                           

              索引:要有索引名稱;索引數據是及時創建的 不能修改 所以只能穿件或刪除

                           

              創建:

                     CREATE  [UNIQUE|FULLTEXT|SPATIAL] INDEX  index_name  [BTREE|HASH]  ON tbl_name (col1, col2,,...)

                           

              刪除:

                     DROP  INDEX index_name ON tbl_name

DML:INSERT, DELETE, UPDATE, SELECT

                           

       INSERT INTO:

              INSERT  [INTO]  tbl_name  [(col1,...)]  {VALUES|VALUE}  (val1, ...),(...),...

                                  

              注意:

                     字符型:引號;

                     數值型:不能用引號;

SELECT:

              (1) SELECT  *  FROM  tbl_name;

              (2) SELECT  col1, col2, ...  FROM  tbl_name;

                     顯示時,字段可以顯示爲別名;

                            col_name  AS  col_alias

              (3)  SELECT  col1, ...  FROM tbl_name  WHERE clause;

                     WHERE clause:用於指明挑選條件;

                            col_name 操作符 value:

                                   age > 30;

操作符(1) :

                                   >, <, >=, <=, ==, !=

                                                       

                            組合條件:

                                   and

                                   or

                                   not

                                                       

                            操作符(2) :

                                   BETWEEN ...  AND ...

                                   LIKE 'PATTERN'

                                          通配符:

                                                 %:任意長度的任意字符;

                                                 _:任意單個字符;

                                   RLIKE  'PATTERN'

                                          正則表達式對字符串做模式匹配;

                                   IS NULL

                                   IS NOT NULL

(4) SELECT col1, ... FROM tbl_name  [WHERE clause]  ORDER BY  col_name, col_name2, ...  [ASC|DESC];

                            ASC: 升序;

                            DESC: 降序;

DELETE:

                                   DELETE   FROM  tbl_name  [WHERE where_condition]  [ORDER BY ...]  [LIMIT row_count]

                                  

                                   (1) DELETE  FROM  tbl_name  WHERE where_condition

                                   (2) DELETE  FROM  tbl_name  [ORDER BY ...]  [LIMIT row_count]

                                  

                            UPDATE:

                                   UPDATE [LOW_PRIORITY] [IGNORE] table_reference  SET col_name1=value1 [, col_name2=value2] ... [WHERE where_condition] [ORDER BY ...] [LIMIT row_count]

                                  

                     用戶賬號及權限管理:

                           

                            用戶賬號:'username'@'host'

                                   host:此用戶訪問當前mysql服務器時,允許其通過哪些主機遠程創建連接;

                                          表示方式:IP,網絡地址、主機名、通配符(%和_);

                                         

                                   禁止檢查主機名:my.cnf

                                          [mysqld]

                                          skip_name_resolve = ON

                                         

                            創建用戶賬號:

                                   CREATE  USER   'username'@'host'  [IDENTIFIED BY  'password'];

                                  

                            刪除用戶賬號:

                                   DROP USER  ’user‘@’host' [, user@host] ...

 

                            授權:

                                   權限級別:管理權限、數據庫、表、字段、存儲例程;

                                  

                                   GRANT  priv_type,...  ON  [object_type]  db_name.tbl_name  TO  'user'@'host'  [IDENTIFIED BY  'password'];

                                         

                                          priv_type: ALL  [PRIVILEGES]

                                          db_name.tbl_name:

                                                 *.*:所有庫的所有表;

                                                 db_name.*:指定庫的所有表;

                                                 db_name.tbl_name:指定庫的特定表;

                                                 db_name.routine_name:指定庫上的存儲過程或存儲函數;

                                         

                                          [object_type]

                                                 TABLE

                                                 FUNCTION

                                                 PROCEDURE

                                         

                                   查看指定用戶所獲得的授權:

                                          SHOW GRANTS FOR  'user'@'host'

                                         

                                          SHOW GRANTS FOR CURRENT_USER;

                                         

                                   回收權限:

                                          REVOKE  priv_type, ...  ON  db_name.tbl_name  FROM  'user'@'host'; 

                                   注意:MariaDB服務進程啓動時,會讀取mysql庫的所有授權表至內存中;

                                          (1) GRANT或REVOKE命令等執行的權限操作會保存於表中,MariaDB此時一般會自動重讀授權表,權限修改會立即生效;

                                          (2) 其它方式實現的權限修改,要想生效,必須手動運行FLUSH PRIVILEGES命令方可;

                                         

                     加固mysql服務器,在安裝完成後,運行mysql_secure_installation命令;

                           

                     圖形管理組件:

                            phpMyAdmin

                                   運行於lamp;

                            Navicat

                            Mysql-Front

                            ToadForMySQL

                            SQLyog


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