Shell常見面試題腳本編寫

轉自： https://blog.51cto.com/lizhenliang/1929044

注意事項
1）開頭加解釋器：#!/bin/bash

2）語法縮進，使用四個空格；多加註釋說明。

3）命名建議規則：變量名大寫、局部變量小寫，函數名小寫，名字體現出實際作用。

4）默認變量是全局的，在函數中變量local指定爲局部變量，避免污染其他作用域。

5）有兩個命令能幫助我調試腳本：set -e 遇到執行非0時退出腳本，set-x 打印執行過程。  

6）寫腳本一定先測試再到生產上。

12.1 獲取隨機字符串或數字

獲取隨機8位字符串：

方法1：
# echo $RANDOM |md5sum |cut -c 1-8
471b94f2
方法2：
# openssl rand -base64 4
vg3BEg==
方法3：
# cat /proc/sys/kernel/random/uuid |cut -c 1-8
ed9e032c

獲取隨機8位數字：

方法1：
# echo $RANDOM |cksum |cut -c 1-8
23648321
方法2：
# openssl rand -base64 4 |cksum |cut -c 1-8
38571131
方法3：
# date +%N |cut -c 1-8
69024815
cksum：打印CRC效驗和統計字節

12.2 定義一個顏色輸出字符串函數
方法1：

#!/bin/bash
echo "*************************"
echo "請選擇 green/red/yellow"
echo "*************************"
function echo_color() {
    if [ $1 == "green" ]; then
        echo -e "\033[32;40m$2\033[0m"
    elif [ $1 == "red" ]; then
        echo -e "\033[31;40m$2\033[0m"
    elif [ $1 == "yellow" ]; then
        echo -e "\033[33;40m$2\033[0m"
    fi
}
echo_color $1 "test"

最後在執行腳本時加入變量即可

方法2：
function echo_color() {
    case $1 in
        green)
            echo -e "\033[32;40m$2\033[0m"
            ;;
        red)
            echo -e "\033[31;40m$2\033[0m" 
            ;;
        *) 
            echo "Example: echo_color red string"
    esac
}
使用方法：echo_color green "test"
function關鍵字定義一個函數，可加或不加。

12.3 批量創建用戶

#!/bin/bash
DATE=$(date +%F_%T)
USER_FILE=user.txt
echo_color(){
    if [ $1 == "green" ]; then
        echo -e "\033[32;40m$2\033[0m"
    elif [ $1 == "red" ]; then
        echo -e "\033[31;40m$2\033[0m"
    fi
}
# 如果用戶文件存在並且大小大於0就備份
if [ -s $USER_FILE ]; then
    mv $USER_FILE ${USER_FILE}-${DATE}.bak
    echo_color green "$USER_FILE exist, rename ${USER_FILE}-${DATE}.bak"
fi
echo -e "User\tPassword" >> $USER_FILE
echo "----------------" >> $USER_FILE
for USER in user{1..10}; do
    if ! id $USER &>/dev/null; then
        PASS=$(echo $RANDOM |md5sum |cut -c 1-8)
        useradd $USER
        echo $PASS |passwd --stdin $USER &>/dev/null
        echo -e "$USER\t$PASS" >> $USER_FILE
        echo "$USER User create successful."
    else
        echo_color red "$USER User already exists!"
    fi
done

12.4 檢查軟件包是否安裝

#!/bin/bash
if rpm -q sysstat &>/dev/null; then
    echo "sysstat is already installed."
else
    echo "sysstat is not installed!"
fi

12.5 檢查服務狀態

#!/bin/bash
PORT_C=$(ss -anu |grep -c 123)
PS_C=$(ps -ef |grep ntpd |grep -vc grep)
if [ $PORT_C -eq 0 -o $PS_C -eq 0 ]; then
    echo "內容" | mail -s "主題" [email protected]
fi

12.6 檢查主機存活狀態

方法1：將錯誤IP放到數組裏面判斷是否ping失敗三次

#!/bin/bash  
IP_LIST="192.168.18.1 192.168.1.1 192.168.18.2"
for IP in $IP_LIST; do
    NUM=1
    while [ $NUM -le 3 ]; do
        if ping -c 1 $IP > /dev/null; then
            echo "$IP Ping is successful."
            break
        else
            # echo "$IP Ping is failure $NUM"
            FAIL_COUNT[$NUM]=$IP
            let NUM++
        fi
    done
    if [ ${#FAIL_COUNT[*]} -eq 3 ];then
        echo "${FAIL_COUNT[1]} Ping is failure!"
        unset FAIL_COUNT[*]
    fi
done

方法2：將錯誤次數放到FAIL_COUNT變量裏面判斷是否ping失敗三次

#!/bin/bash  
IP_LIST="192.168.18.1 192.168.1.1 192.168.18.2"
for IP in $IP_LIST; do
    FAIL_COUNT=0
    for ((i=1;i<=3;i++)); do
        if ping -c 1 $IP >/dev/null; then
            echo "$IP Ping is successful."
            break
        else
            # echo "$IP Ping is failure $i"
            let FAIL_COUNT++
        fi
    done
    if [ $FAIL_COUNT -eq 3 ]; then
        echo "$IP Ping is failure!"
    fi
done
方法3：利用for循環將ping通就跳出循環繼續，如果不跳出就會走到打印ping失敗

#!/bin/bash
ping_success_status() {
    if ping -c 1 $IP >/dev/null; then
        echo "$IP Ping is successful."
        continue
    fi
}
IP_LIST="192.168.18.1 192.168.1.1 192.168.18.2"
for IP in $IP_LIST; do
    ping_success_status
    ping_success_status
    ping_success_status
    echo "$IP Ping is failure!"
done

12.7 監控CPU、內存和硬盤利用率

1）CPU

藉助vmstat工具來分析CPU統計信息。

#!/bin/bash
DATE=$(date +%F" "%H:%M)
IP=$(ifconfig eth0 |awk -F '[ :]+' '/inet addr/{print $4}')  # 只支持CentOS6
IP=$(ifconfig ens33 |awk -F'[ :]+' '/inet / {print $3}')   #CentOS7中是這樣的
MAIL="[email protected]"
if ! which vmstat &>/dev/null; then
    echo "vmstat command no found, Please install procps package." 
    exit 1
fi
US=$(vmstat |awk 'NR==3{print $13}')
SY=$(vmstat |awk 'NR==3{print $14}')
IDLE=$(vmstat |awk 'NR==3{print $15}')
WAIT=$(vmstat |awk 'NR==3{print $16}')
USE=$(($US+$SY))
if [ $USE -ge 50 ]; then
    echo "
    Date: $DATE
    Host: $IP
    Problem: CPU utilization $USE
    " | mail -s "CPU Monitor" $MAIL
fi
2）內存     

#!/bin/bash
DATE=$(date +%F" "%H:%M)
IP=$(ifconfig eth0 |awk -F '[ :]+' '/inet addr/{print $4}')  
MAIL="[email protected]"
TOTAL=$(free -m |awk '/Mem/{print $2}')
USE=$(free -m |awk '/Mem/{print $3-$6-$7}')
FREE=$(($TOTAL-$USE))
# 內存小於1G發送報警郵件
if [ $FREE -lt 1024 ]; then
    echo "
    Date: $DATE
    Host: $IP
    Problem: Total=$TOTAL,Use=$USE,Free=$FREE
    " | mail -s "Memory Monitor" $MAIL
fi
3）硬盤

#!/bin/bash
DATE=$(date +%F" "%H:%M)
IP=$(ifconfig eth0 |awk -F '[ :]+' '/inet addr/{print $4}')  
MAIL="[email protected]"
TOTAL=$(fdisk -l |awk -F'[: ]+' 'BEGIN{OFS="="}/^Disk \/dev/{printf "%s=%sG,",$2,$3}')
PART_USE=$(df -h |awk 'BEGIN{OFS="="}/^\/dev/{print $1,int($5),$6}')
for i in $PART_USE; do
    PART=$(echo $i |cut -d"=" -f1)
    USE=$(echo $i |cut -d"=" -f2)
    MOUNT=$(echo $i |cut -d"=" -f3)
    if [ $USE -gt 80 ]; then
        echo "
        Date: $DATE
        Host: $IP
        Total: $TOTAL
        Problem: $PART=$USE($MOUNT)
        " | mail -s "Disk Monitor" $MAIL
    fi
done

12.8 批量主機磁盤利用率監控

前提監控端和被監控端SSH免交互登錄或者密鑰登錄。

寫一個配置文件保存被監控主機SSH連接信息，文件內容格式：IP User Port

#!/bin/bash
HOST_INFO=host.info
for IP in $(awk '/^[^#]/{print $1}' $HOST_INFO); do
    USER=$(awk -v ip=$IP 'ip==$1{print $2}' $HOST_INFO)
    PORT=$(awk -v ip=$IP 'ip==$1{print $3}' $HOST_INFO)
    TMP_FILE=/tmp/disk.tmp
    ssh -p $PORT $USER@$IP 'df -h' > $TMP_FILE
    USE_RATE_LIST=$(awk 'BEGIN{OFS="="}/^\/dev/{print $1,int($5)}' $TMP_FILE)
    for USE_RATE in $USE_RATE_LIST; do
        PART_NAME=${USE_RATE%=*}
        USE_RATE=${USE_RATE#*=}
        if [ $USE_RATE -ge 80 ]; then
            echo "Warning: $PART_NAME Partition usage $USE_RATE%!"
        fi
    done
done

12.9 檢查網站可用性

1）檢查URL可用性

方法1：
check_url() {
    HTTP_CODE=$(curl -o /dev/null --connect-timeout 3 -s -w "%{http_code}" $1)
    if [ $HTTP_CODE -ne 200 ]; then
        echo "Warning: $1 Access failure!"
    fi
}
方法2：
check_url() {
if ! wget -T 10 --tries=1 --spider $1 >/dev/null 2>&1; then  
#-T超時時間，--tries嘗試1次，--spider爬蟲模式
        echo "Warning: $1 Access failure!"
    fi
}
使用方法：check_url www.baidu.com
2）判斷三次URL可用性

思路與上面檢查主機存活狀態一樣。

方法1：利用循環技巧，如果成功就跳出當前循環，否則執行到最後一行
#!/bin/bash  
check_url() {
    HTTP_CODE=$(curl -o /dev/null --connect-timeout 3 -s -w "%{http_code}" $1)
    if [ $HTTP_CODE -eq 200 ]; then
        continue
    fi
}
URL_LIST="www.baidu.com www.agasgf.com"
for URL in $URL_LIST; do
    check_url $URL
    check_url $URL
    check_url $URL
    echo "Warning: $URL Access failure!"
done
方法2：錯誤次數保存到變量
#!/bin/bash  
URL_LIST="www.baidu.com www.agasgf.com"
for URL in $URL_LIST; do
    FAIL_COUNT=0
    for ((i=1;i<=3;i++)); do
        HTTP_CODE=$(curl -o /dev/null --connect-timeout 3 -s -w "%{http_code}" $URL)
        if [ $HTTP_CODE -ne 200 ]; then
            let FAIL_COUNT++
        else
            break
        fi
    done
    if [ $FAIL_COUNT -eq 3 ]; then
        echo "Warning: $URL Access failure!"
    fi
done
方法3：錯誤次數保存到數組
#!/bin/bash  
URL_LIST="www.baidu.com www.agasgf.com"
for URL in $URL_LIST; do
    NUM=1
    while [ $NUM -le 3 ]; do
        HTTP_CODE=$(curl -o /dev/null --connect-timeout 3 -s -w "%{http_code}" $URL)
        if [ $HTTP_CODE -ne 200 ]; then
            FAIL_COUNT[$NUM]=$IP  #創建數組，以$NUM下標，$IP元素
            let NUM++
        else
            break
        fi
    done
    if [ ${#FAIL_COUNT[*]} -eq 3 ]; then
        echo "Warning: $URL Access failure!"
        unset FAIL_COUNT[*]    #清空數組
    fi
done

12.10 檢查MySQL主從同步狀態

#!/bin/bash  
USER=bak
PASSWD=123456
IO_SQL_STATUS=$(mysql -u$USER -p$PASSWD -e 'show slave status\G' |awk -F: '/Slave_.*_Running/{gsub(": ",":");print $0}')  #gsub去除冒號後面的空格
for i in $IO_SQL_STATUS; do
    THREAD_STATUS_NAME=${i%:*}
    THREAD_STATUS=${i#*:}
    if [ "$THREAD_STATUS" != "Yes" ]; then
        echo "Error: MySQL Master-Slave $THREAD_STATUS_NAME status is $THREAD_STATUS!"
    fi
done

本章寫的Shell腳本例子都比較實用，在面試題中也經常出現，希望大家參考着多動手寫寫，不要複製粘貼就拿來跑，這樣是學不會的！

12.11 屏蔽網站訪問頻繁的IP

1）屏蔽每分鐘訪問超過200的IP

方法1：以Nginx日誌作爲測試

DATE=$(date +%d/%b/%Y:%H:%M)
ABNORMAL_IP=$(tail -n5000 access.log |grep $DATE |awk '{a[$1]++}END{for(i in a)if(a[i]>100)print i}')
#先tail防止文件過大，讀取慢，數字可調整每分鐘最大的訪問量。awk不能直接過濾日誌，因爲包含特殊字符。
for IP in $ABNORMAL_IP; do
    if [ $(iptables -vnL |grep -c "$IP") -eq 0 ]; then
        iptables -I INPUT -s $IP -j DROP
    fi
done
方法2：通過建立連接數

ABNORMAL_IP=$(netstat -an |awk '$4~/:80$/ && $6~/ESTABLISHED/{gsub(/:[0-9]+/,"",$5);{a[$5]++}}END{for(i in a)if(a[i]>100)print i}')
#gsub是將第五列（客戶端IP）的冒號和端口去掉
for IP in $ABNORMAL_IP; do
    if [ $(iptables -vnL |grep -c "$IP") -eq 0 ]; then
        iptables -I INPUT -s $IP -j DROP
    fi
done

2）屏蔽每分鐘SSH暴力破解超過10次的IP

方法1：通過lastb獲取登錄狀態:

DATE=$(date +"%a %b %e %H:%M") #星期月天時分  %e單數字時顯示7，而%d顯示07
ABNORMAL_IP=$(lastb |grep "$DATE" |awk '{a[$3]++}END{for(i in a)if(a[i]>10)print i}')
for IP in $ABNORMAL_IP; do
    if [ $(iptables -vnL |grep -c "$IP") -eq 0 ]; then
        iptables -I INPUT -s $IP -j DROP
    fi
done
方法2：通過日誌獲取登錄狀態

DATE=$(date +"%b %d %H")
ABNORMAL_IP="$(tail -n10000 /var/log/auth.log |grep "$DATE" |awk '/Failed/{a[$(NF-3)]++}END{for(i in a)if(a[i]>5)print i}')"
for IP in $ABNORMAL_IP; do
    if [ $(iptables -vnL |grep -c "$IP") -eq 0 ]; then
        iptables -A INPUT -s $IP -j DROP
        echo "$(date +"%F %T") - iptables -A INPUT -s $IP -j DROP" >>~/ssh-login-limit.log
    fi
done

12.12 判斷輸入是否爲IP

方法1:

function check_ip(){
    IP=$1
    VALID_CHECK=$(echo $IP|awk -F. '$1<=255&&$2<=255&&$3<=255&&$4<=255{print "yes"}')
    if echo $IP|grep -E "^[0-9]{1,3}\.[0-9]{1,3}\.[0-9]{1,3}\.[0-9]{1,3}$">/dev/null; then
        if [ $VALID_CHECK == "yes" ]; then
            echo "$IP available."
        else
            echo "$IP not available!"
        fi
    else
        echo "Format error!"
    fi
}
check_ip 192.168.1.1
check_ip 256.1.1.1
方法2：

function check_ip(){
    IP=$1
    if [[ $IP =~ ^[0-9]{1,3}\.[0-9]{1,3}\.[0-9]{1,3}\.[0-9]{1,3}$ ]]; then
        FIELD1=$(echo $IP|cut -d. -f1)
        FIELD2=$(echo $IP|cut -d. -f2)
        FIELD3=$(echo $IP|cut -d. -f3)
        FIELD4=$(echo $IP|cut -d. -f4)
        if [ $FIELD1 -le 255 -a $FIELD2 -le 255 -a $FIELD3 -le 255 -a $FIELD4 -le 255 ]; then
            echo "$IP available."
        else
            echo "$IP not available!"
        fi
    else
        echo "Format error!"
    fi
}
check_ip 192.168.1.1
check_ip 256.1.1.1

增加版：加個死循環，如果IP可用就退出，不可用提示繼續輸入，並使用awk判斷

function check_ip(){
    local IP=$1
    VALID_CHECK=$(echo $IP|awk -F. '$1<=255&&$2<=255&&$3<=255&&$4<=255{print "yes"}')
    if echo $IP|grep -E "^[0-9]{1,3}\.[0-9]{1,3}\.[0-9]{1,3}\.[0-9]{1,3}$" >/dev/null; then
        if [ $VALID_CHECK == "yes" ]; then
            return 0
        else
            echo "$IP not available!"
            return 1
        fi
    else
        echo "Format error! Please input again."
        return 1
    fi
}
while true; do
    read -p "Please enter IP: " IP
    check_ip $IP
    [ $? -eq 0 ] && break || continue
done

12.13 判斷輸入是否爲數字

方法1：
if [[ $1 =~ ^[0-9]+$ ]]; then
    echo "Is Number."
else
    echo "No Number."
fi
方法2：
if [ $1 -gt 0 ] 2>/dev/null; then
    echo "Is Number."
else
    echo "No Number."
fi
方法3：

echo $1 |awk '{print $0~/^[0-9]+$/?"Is Number.":"No Number."}'  #三目運算符
12.14 找出包含關鍵字的文件
DIR=$1
KEY=$2
for FILE in $(find $DIR -type f); do
    if grep $KEY $FILE &>/dev/null; then
        echo "--> $FILE"
    fi
done

12.15 監控目錄，將新創建的文件名追加到日誌中

需安裝inotify-tools軟件包。

#!/bin/bash
MON_DIR=/opt
inotifywait -mq --format %f -e create $MON_DIR |\
while read files; do
  echo $files >> test.log
done
12.16 多個網卡選擇
function local_nic() {
    local NUM ARRAY_LENGTH
    NUM=0
    for NIC_NAME in $(ls /sys/class/net|grep -vE "lo|docker0"); do
        NIC_IP=$(ifconfig $NIC_NAME |awk -F'[: ]+' '/inet addr/{print $4}')
        if [ -n "$NIC_IP" ]; then
            NIC_IP_ARRAY[$NUM]="$NIC_NAME:$NIC_IP"    #將網卡名和對應IP放到數組
            let NUM++
        fi
    done
    ARRAY_LENGTH=${#NIC_IP_ARRAY[*]}
    if [ $ARRAY_LENGTH -eq 1 ]; then     #如果數組裏面只有一條記錄說明就一個網卡
        NIC=${NIC_IP_ARRAY[0]%:*}
        return 0
    elif [ $ARRAY_LENGTH -eq 0 ]; then   #如果沒有記錄說明沒有網卡
        echo "No available network card!"
        exit 1
    else
        #如果有多條記錄則提醒輸入選擇
        for NIC in ${NIC_IP_ARRAY[*]}; do
            echo $NIC
        done
        while true; do
            read -p "Please enter local use to network card name: " INPUT_NIC_NAME
            COUNT=0
            for NIC in ${NIC_IP_ARRAY[*]}; do
                NIC_NAME=${NIC%:*}
                if [ $NIC_NAME == "$INPUT_NIC_NAME" ]; then
                    NIC=${NIC_IP_ARRAY[$COUNT]%:*}
                    return 0
                else
                   COUNT+=1
                fi
            done
            echo "Not match! Please input again."
        done
    fi
}
local_nic
如果有隻有一個網卡就不選擇。

12.17 查看網卡實時流量

#!/bin/bash
# Description: Only CentOS6
traffic_unit_conv() {
    local traffic=$1
    if [ $traffic -gt 1024000 ]; then
        printf "%.1f%s" "$(($traffic/1024/1024))" "MB/s"
    elif [ $traffic -lt 1024000 ]; then
        printf "%.1f%s" "$(($traffic/1024))" "KB/s"
    fi
}
NIC=$1
echo -e " In ------ Out"
while true; do
    OLD_IN=$(awk -F'[: ]+' '$0~"'$NIC'"{print $3}' /proc/net/dev)
    OLD_OUT=$(awk -F'[: ]+' '$0~"'$NIC'"{print $11}' /proc/net/dev)
    sleep 1
    NEW_IN=$(awk -F'[: ]+' '$0~"'$NIC'"{print $3}' /proc/net/dev)
    NEW_OUT=$(awk -F'[: ]+' '$0~"'$NIC'"{print $11}' /proc/net/dev)
    IN=$(($NEW_IN-$OLD_IN))
    OUT=$(($NEW_OUT-$OLD_OUT))
    echo "$(traffic_unit_conv $IN) $(traffic_unit_conv $OUT)"
    sleep 1
done
# 也可以通過ficonfig命令獲取收發流量
while true; do
    OLD_IN=$(ifconfig $NIC |awk -F'[: ]+' '/bytes/{print $4}')  
    OLD_OUT=$(ifconfig $NIC |awk -F'[: ]+' '/bytes/{print $9}')
    sleep 1
    NEW_IN=$(ifconfig $NIC |awk -F'[: ]+' '/bytes/{print $4}')
    NEW_OUT=$(ifconfig $NIC |awk -F'[: ]+' '/bytes/{print $9}')
    IN=$(($NEW_IN-$OLD_IN))
    OUT=$(($NEW_OUT-$OLD_OUT))
    echo "$(traffic_unit_conv $IN) $(traffic_unit_conv $OUT)"
    sleep 1
done

12.18 MySQL數據庫備份

#!/bin/bash
DATE=$(date +%F_%H-%M-%S)
HOST=192.168.1.120
DB=test
USER=bak
PASS=123456
MAIL="[email protected] [email protected]"
BACKUP_DIR=/data/db_backup
SQL_FILE=${DB}_full_$DATE.sql
BAK_FILE=${DB}_full_$DATE.zip
cd $BACKUP_DIR
if mysqldump -h$HOST -u$USER -p$PASS --single-transaction --routines --triggers -B $DB > $SQL_FILE; then
    zip $BAK_FILE $SQL_FILE && rm -f $SQL_FILE
    if [ ! -s $BAK_FILE ]; then
            echo "$DATE 內容" | mail -s "主題" $MAIL
    fi
else
    echo "$DATE 內容" | mail -s "主題" $MAIL
fi
find $BACKUP_DIR -name '*.zip' -ctime +14 -exec rm {} \;

12.19 Nginx啓動腳本

#!/bin/bash
# Description: Only support RedHat system
. /etc/init.d/functions
WORD_DIR=/data/project/nginx1.10
DAEMON=$WORD_DIR/sbin/nginx
CONF=$WORD_DIR/conf/nginx.conf
NAME=nginx
PID=$(awk -F'[; ]+' '/^[^#]/{if($0~/pid;/)print $2}' $CONF)
if [ -z "$PID" ]; then
    PID=$WORD_DIR/logs/nginx.pid
else
    PID=$WORD_DIR/$PID
fi
stop() {
    $DAEMON -s stop
    sleep 1
    [ ! -f $PID ] && action "* Stopping $NAME"  /bin/true || action "* Stopping $NAME" /bin/false
}
start() {
    $DAEMON
    sleep 1
    [ -f $PID ] && action "* Starting $NAME"  /bin/true || action "* Starting $NAME" /bin/false
}
reload() {
    $DAEMON -s reload
}
test_config() {
    $DAEMON -t
}
case "$1" in
    start)
        if [ ! -f $PID ]; then
            start
        else
            echo "$NAME is running..."
            exit 0
        fi
        ;;
    stop)
        if [ -f $PID ]; then
            stop
        else
            echo "$NAME not running!"
            exit 0
        fi
        ;;
    restart)
        if [ ! -f $PID ]; then
            echo "$NAME not running!" 
            start
        else
            stop
            start
        fi
        ;;
    reload)
        reload
        ;;
    testconfig)
        test_config
        ;; 
    status)
        [ -f $PID ] && echo "$NAME is running..." || echo "$NAME not running!"
        ;;
    *)
        echo "Usage: $0 {start|stop|restart|reload|testconfig|status}"
        exit 3
        ;;
esac

12.20 選擇SSH連接主機

寫一個配置文件保存被監控主機SSH連接信息，文件內容格式：主機名 IP User Port

#!/bin/bash
PS3="Please input number: "
HOST_FILE=host
while true; do
    select NAME in $(awk '{print $1}' $HOST_FILE) quit; do
        [ ${NAME:=empty} == "quit" ] && exit 0
        IP=$(awk -v NAME=${NAME} '$1==NAME{print $2}' $HOST_FILE)
        USER=$(awk -v NAME=${NAME} '$1==NAME{print $3}' $HOST_FILE)
        PORT=$(awk -v NAME=${NAME} '$1==NAME{print $4}' $HOST_FILE)
        if [ $IP ]; then
            echo "Name: $NAME, IP: $IP"
            ssh -o StrictHostKeyChecking=no -p $PORT -i id_rsa $USER@$IP  # 密鑰登錄
            break
        else
            echo "Input error, Please enter again!"
            break
        fi
    done
done

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