ip代理池的構建

import urllib.request
import urllib.parse 
import time  
from multiprocessing import Pool#多進程
import random
from lxml import etree  #xpath提取
import datetime

#功能：隨機獲取HTTP_User_Agent
def GetUserAgent():
    user_agents=[
    "Mozilla/4.0 (compatible; MSIE 6.0; Windows NT 5.1; SV1; AcooBrowser; .NET CLR 1.1.4322; .NET CLR 2.0.50727)",
    "Mozilla/4.0 (compatible; MSIE 7.0; Windows NT 6.0; Acoo Browser; SLCC1; .NET CLR 2.0.50727; Media Center PC 5.0; .NET CLR 3.0.04506)",
    "Mozilla/4.0 (compatible; MSIE 7.0; AOL 9.5; AOLBuild 4337.35; Windows NT 5.1; .NET CLR 1.1.4322; .NET CLR 2.0.50727)",
    "Mozilla/5.0 (Windows; U; MSIE 9.0; Windows NT 9.0; en-US)",
    "Mozilla/5.0 (compatible; MSIE 9.0; Windows NT 6.1; Win64; x64; Trident/5.0; .NET CLR 3.5.30729; .NET CLR 3.0.30729; .NET CLR 2.0.50727; Media Center PC 6.0)",
    "Mozilla/5.0 (compatible; MSIE 8.0; Windows NT 6.0; Trident/4.0; WOW64; Trident/4.0; SLCC2; .NET CLR 2.0.50727; .NET CLR 3.5.30729; .NET CLR 3.0.30729; .NET CLR 1.0.3705; .NET CLR 1.1.4322)",
    "Mozilla/4.0 (compatible; MSIE 7.0b; Windows NT 5.2; .NET CLR 1.1.4322; .NET CLR 2.0.50727; InfoPath.2; .NET CLR 3.0.04506.30)",
    "Mozilla/5.0 (Windows; U; Windows NT 5.1; zh-CN) AppleWebKit/523.15 (KHTML, like Gecko, Safari/419.3) Arora/0.3 (Change: 287 c9dfb30)",
    "Mozilla/5.0 (X11; U; Linux; en-US) AppleWebKit/527+ (KHTML, like Gecko, Safari/419.3) Arora/0.6",
    "Mozilla/5.0 (Windows; U; Windows NT 5.1; en-US; rv:1.8.1.2pre) Gecko/20070215 K-Ninja/2.1.1"
    ]
    user_agent = random.choice(user_agents)
    return user_agent

    
#功能：爬取西刺高匿IP構造原始代理IP池
def getProxies():
    init_proxies = []
    ##爬取前五頁
    for i in range(1,3):
        print("####爬取第"+str(i)+"頁####")      
        #print("IP地址\t\t\t端口\t存活時間\t\t驗證時間")
        url = "http://www.xicidaili.com/nn/"+str(i)
        user_agent = GetUserAgent()
        headers=("User-Agent",user_agent)
        opener = urllib.request.build_opener() 
        opener.addheaders = [headers] 
        try:
            data = opener.open(url,timeout=5).read()
        except Exception as e:
            print("爬取的時候發生錯誤，具體如下：")
            print(str(e))
        selector=etree.HTML(data)
        
        ip_addrs = selector.xpath('//tr/td[2]/text()')  #IP地址
        port = selector.xpath('//tr/td[3]/text()')  #端口
        sur_time = selector.xpath('//tr/td[9]/text()')  #存活時間
        ver_time = selector.xpath('//tr/td[10]/text()')  #驗證時間
        for j in range(len(ip_addrs)):
            ip = ip_addrs[j]+":"+port[j] 
            init_proxies.append(ip)
            #輸出爬取數據 
            #print(ip_addrs[j]+"\t\t"+port[j]+"\t\t"+sur_time[j]+"\t"+ver_time[j])
    return init_proxies


#功能：驗證IP有效性
def testProxy(curr_ip):
    tmp_proxies = []#存儲驗證成功的ip
    #socket.setdefaulttimeout(10)  #設置全局超時時間
    tarURL = "http://www.baidu.com/"  
    user_agent = GetUserAgent()
    proxy_support = urllib.request.ProxyHandler({"http":curr_ip})
    opener = urllib.request.build_opener(proxy_support)
    opener.addheaders=[("User-Agent",user_agent)]
    urllib.request.install_opener(opener)
    try:
        res = urllib.request.urlopen(tarURL,timeout=5).read()
        if len(res)!=0:
            tmp_proxies.append(curr_ip)
    except urllib.error.URLError as e2: 
        if hasattr(e2,"code"):
            print("驗證代理IP（"+curr_ip+"）時發生錯誤（錯誤代碼）："+str(er2.code))
        if hasattr(e2,"reason"):
            print("驗證代理IP（"+curr_ip+"）時發生錯誤（錯誤原因）："+str(er2.reason))
    except Exception as e:
        print("驗證代理IP（"+curr_ip+"）時發生如下錯誤）：")
        print(e)
    time.sleep(2)
    return tmp_proxies


def mulTestProxies(init_proxies):
    '''
    功能：多進程驗證IP有效性
    @init_proxies：原始未驗證代理IP池
    '''
    pool = Pool(processes=10)
    fl_proxies = pool.map(testProxy,init_proxies)
    pool.close()
    pool.join()  #等待進程池中的worker進程執行完畢
    return fl_proxies


if __name__ == '__main__':
    start_time=datetime.datetime.now()
    init_proxies = getProxies()  #獲取原始代理IP
    tmp_proxies = mulTestProxies(init_proxies) #多進程測試原始代理IP
    proxy_addrs = []
    for tmp_proxy in tmp_proxies:
        if len(tmp_proxy)!=0:
            #print(tmp_proxy)
            proxy_addrs.append(tmp_proxy)

    print(len(proxy_addrs))
    print(proxy_addrs)
    used_time=datetime.datetime.now()-start_time
    print(used_time)