25.1 docker簡介
官網 www.docker.com
github https://github.com/docker/docker.github.io
開源的容器引擎，可以讓開發者打包應用以及依賴的庫，然後發佈到任何流行的linux發行版上，移植很方便
由 go 語言編寫，基於 apache2.0 協議發佈
基於 linux kernel，要想在 win 下運行需要藉助一個 vm（虛擬機）來實現
自 2013 年開始，近些年發展迅猛
docker 從1.13x開始，版本分爲社區版 ce 和企業版 ee，並且基於年月的時間線形式，當前最新穩定版爲 17.09 參考http://blog.csdn.net/chenhaifeng2016/article/details/6806241
Docker和傳統的虛擬化比較：
Docker的優勢：
啓動非常快，秒級實現
資源利用率高，一臺高配置服務器可以跑上千個docker容器
更快的交付和部署，一次創建和配置後，可以在任意地方運行
內核級別的虛擬化，不需要額外的hypevisor支持，會有更高的性能和效率
易遷移，平臺依賴性不強
Docker核心概念：
鏡像，是一個只讀的模板，類似於安裝系統用到的那個iso文件，我們通過鏡像來完成各種應用的部署。
容器，鏡像類似於操作系統，而容器類似於虛擬機本身。它可以被啓動、開始、停止、刪除等操作，每個容器都是相互隔離的。
倉庫，存放鏡像的一個場所，倉庫分爲公開倉庫和私有倉庫。 最大的公開倉庫是Docker hub（hub.docker.com），國內公開倉庫（dockerpool.com）
25.2 安裝docker
1、下載 yum 源，並安裝
[root@arslinux-01 ~]# curl https://download.docker.com/linux/centos/docker-ce.repo -o /etc/yum.repos.d/docker.repo [root@arslinux-01 ~]# yum install -y docker-ce
速度比較慢，也可以直接下載rpm包
https://download.docker.com/linux/centos/7/x86_64/stable/Packages/
上傳到 linux 下並 yum 安裝，可以自動解決依賴 yum install -y docker-ce-xxxx.rpm
2、啓動 docker
[root@arslinux-01 ~]# systemctl start docker
25.3 鏡像管理
下載 centos 鏡像
[root@arslinux-01 ~]# docker pull centos
速度比較慢，可以使用 docker 加速器
配置 docker 加速器
[root@arslinux-01 ~]# vim /etc/docker/daemon.json
{
"registry-mirrors": ["https://dhq9bx4f.mirror.aliyuncs.com"]
}說明：這個url爲加速器地址，需要去ali雲申請
配置完加速器，重啓 docker，再次 docker pull centos 會快很多
docker image 查看本地鏡像
docker search xxx 搜索鏡像，其中 xxx 爲關鍵詞
docker tag 鏡像名 標籤 給鏡像打標籤（就是更改鏡像名稱）
[root@arslinux-01 ~]# docker search centos NAME DESCRIPTION STARS OFFICIAL AUTOMATED centos The official build of CentOS. 5493 [OK] ansible/centos7-ansible Ansible on Centos7 122 [OK] jdeathe/centos-ssh CentOS-6 6.10 x86_64 / CentOS-7 7.6.1810 x86… 111 [OK] consol/centos-xfce-vnc Centos container with "headless" VNC session… 96 [OK] centos/mysql-57-centos7 MySQL 5.7 SQL database server 59 imagine10255/centos6-lnmp-php56 centos6-lnmp-php56 57 [OK] tutum/centos Simple CentOS docker image with SSH access 44 centos/postgresql-96-centos7 PostgreSQL is an advanced Object-Relational … 39 kinogmt/centos-ssh CentOS with SSH 28 [OK] pivotaldata/centos-gpdb-dev CentOS image for GPDB development. Tag names… 10 guyton/centos6 From official centos6 container with full up… 9 [OK] drecom/centos-ruby centos ruby 6 [OK] pivotaldata/centos Base centos, freshened up a little with a Do… 3 mamohr/centos-java Oracle Java 8 Docker image based on Centos 7 3 [OK] darksheer/centos Base Centos Image -- Updated hourly 3 [OK] pivotaldata/centos-mingw Using the mingw toolchain to cross-compile t… 2 pivotaldata/centos-gcc-toolchain CentOS with a toolchain, but unaffiliated wi… 2 miko2u/centos6 CentOS6 日本語環境 2 [OK] ovirtguestagent/centos7-atomic The oVirt Guest Agent for Centos 7 Atomic Ho… 2 indigo/centos-maven Vanilla CentOS 7 with Oracle Java Developmen… 1 [OK] blacklabelops/centos CentOS Base Image! Built and Updates Daily! 1 [OK] mcnaughton/centos-base centos base image 1 [OK] pivotaldata/centos7-dev CentosOS 7 image for GPDB development 0 smartentry/centos centos with smartentry 0 [OK] pivotaldata/centos6.8-dev CentosOS 6.8 image for GPDB development 0
[root@arslinux-01 ~]# docker images REPOSITORY TAG IMAGE ID CREATED SIZE ubuntu latest 3556258649b2 2 weeks ago 64.2MB arslinux latest 9f38484d220f 4 months ago 202MB centos latest 9f38484d220f 4 months ago 202MB
如果想更改上方 TAG 處信息，可以用 : 將 REPOSITORY : TAG 分開
[root@arslinux-01 ~]# docker tag centos test111:190808 [root@arslinux-01 ~]# docker tag centos test111:1234 [root@arslinux-01 ~]# docker images REPOSITORY TAG IMAGE ID CREATED SIZE ubuntu latest 3556258649b2 2 weeks ago 64.2MB arslinux latest 9f38484d220f 4 months ago 202MB centos latest 9f38484d220f 4 months ago 202MB test111 1234 9f38484d220f 4 months ago 202MB test111 190808 9f38484d220f 4 months ago 202MB
這裏的 TAG 和命令中的 tag 不是一個概念
docker run -itd 鏡像名 把鏡像啓動爲容器
docker ps 查看運行的容器
docker ps -a 查看所有容器（包括未運行的）
[root@arslinux-01 ~]# docker run -itd centos 9d06f43b687172d3cd5ab13529645482f2a9d6fad286c0dd82a5783863db2617 [root@arslinux-01 ~]# docker ps CONTAINER ID IMAGE COMMAND CREATED STATUS PORTS NAMES 9d06f43b6871 centos "/bin/bash" 5 seconds ago Up 3 seconds zealous_mestorf [root@arslinux-01 ~]# docker ps -a CONTAINER ID IMAGE COMMAND CREATED STATUS PORTS NAMES 9d06f43b6871 centos "/bin/bash" 3 minutes ago Up 3 minutes zealous_mestorf
說明：-i 表示讓容器的標準輸入打開，-t 表示分配一個僞終端，-d 表示後臺啓動，要把 -i -t -d 放到鏡像名字前面
docker rmi 鏡像名 刪除指定鏡像
[root@arslinux-01 ~]# docker rmi test111 Error: No such image: test111 [root@arslinux-01 ~]# docker rmi test111:1234 Untagged: test111:1234 [root@arslinux-01 ~]# docker images REPOSITORY TAG IMAGE ID CREATED SIZE ubuntu latest 3556258649b2 2 weeks ago 64.2MB arslinux latest 9f38484d220f 4 months ago 202MB centos latest 9f38484d220f 4 months ago 202MB test111 190808 9f38484d220f 4 months ago 202MB
其中後面的參數可以是 tag，如果是 tag 時，實際上是刪除該 tag。當後面的參數爲鏡像 ID 時，則會徹底刪除整個鏡像，所有標籤也會一同刪除
不加 TAG 刪除鏡像，實際 TAG 就是 latest ，docker rmi test111 就是 docker rmi test111:latest
25.4 通過容器創建鏡像
1、啓動容器
[root@arslinux-01 ~]# docker run -itd centos 77fbe7aeaee649478aae095af386e6b7796e96e865bb95f7d673875fdf6767ec [root@arslinux-01 ~]# docker ps CONTAINER ID IMAGE COMMAND CREATED STATUS PORTS NAMES 77fbe7aeaee6 centos "/bin/bash" 15 seconds ago Up 12 seconds blissful_yonath
2、進入容器 docker exec -it xxxxx bash
[root@arslinux-01 ~]# docker exec -it 77fbe7 bash [root@77fbe7aeaee6 /]# df -h Filesystem Size Used Avail Use% Mounted on overlay 28G 6.1G 22G 22% / tmpfs 64M 0 64M 0% /dev tmpfs 487M 0 487M 0% /sys/fs/cgroup shm 64M 0 64M 0% /dev/shm /dev/sda3 28G 6.1G 22G 22% /etc/hosts tmpfs 487M 0 487M 0% /proc/asound tmpfs 487M 0 487M 0% /proc/acpi tmpfs 487M 0 487M 0% /proc/scsi tmpfs 487M 0 487M 0% /sys/firmware [root@77fbe7aeaee6 /]# free total used free shared buff/cache available Mem: 995896 654636 73140 2620 268120 133448 Swap: 1999868 169472 1830396
說明：其中xxxxx爲容器id，這個id可以用docker ps查看，最後面的bash爲進入容器後我們要執行的命令，這樣就可以打開一個終端
進入到該容器中，我們做一些變更，比如安裝一些東西，然後針對這個容器進行創建新的鏡像
3、容器中的操作和機器中操作沒有區別
[root@77fbe7aeaee6 /]# yum install -y net-tools [root@77fbe7aeaee6 /]# ifconfig eth0: flags=4163<UP,BROADCAST,RUNNING,MULTICAST> mtu 1500 inet 172.17.0.2 netmask 255.255.0.0 broadcast 172.17.255.255 ether 02:42:ac:11:00:02 txqueuelen 0 (Ethernet) RX packets 3381 bytes 14925255 (14.2 MiB) RX errors 0 dropped 0 overruns 0 frame 0 TX packets 2448 bytes 135606 (132.4 KiB) TX errors 0 dropped 0 overruns 0 carrier 0 collisions 0 lo: flags=73<UP,LOOPBACK,RUNNING> mtu 65536 inet 127.0.0.1 netmask 255.0.0.0 loop txqueuelen 1000 (Local Loopback) RX packets 0 bytes 0 (0.0 B) RX errors 0 dropped 0 overruns 0 frame 0 TX packets 0 bytes 0 (0.0 B) TX errors 0 dropped 0 overruns 0 carrier 0 collisions 0 [root@77fbe7aeaee6 /]# exit [root@arslinux-01 ~]# ifconfig |grep docker docker0: flags=4163<UP,BROADCAST,RUNNING,MULTICAST> mtu 1500 inet 172.17.0.1 netmask 255.255.0.0 broadcast 172.17.255.255 inet6 fe80::42:c8ff:fe99:eec1 prefixlen 64 scopeid 0x20<link> ether 02:42:c8:99:ee:c1 txqueuelen 0 (Ethernet) RX packets 2448 bytes 101334 (98.9 KiB) RX errors 0 dropped 0 overruns 0 frame 0 TX packets 3373 bytes 14924599 (14.2 MiB) TX errors 0 dropped 0 overruns 0 carrier 0 collisions 0
容器中的網卡在宿主機上也出現了
每開啓一個容器，都會有一個虛擬網卡讓容器和虛擬機通信
[root@arslinux-01 ~]# ifconfig |grep veth veth47c82bd: flags=4163<UP,BROADCAST,RUNNING,MULTICAST> mtu 1500 inet6 fe80::5014:d2ff:fe64:e486 prefixlen 64 scopeid 0x20<link> ether 52:14:d2:64:e4:86 txqueuelen 0 (Ethernet) RX packets 2448 bytes 135606 (132.4 KiB) RX errors 0 dropped 0 overruns 0 frame 0 TX packets 3381 bytes 14925255 (14.2 MiB) TX errors 0 dropped 0 overruns 0 carrier 0 collisions 0
4、將容器做成鏡像 docker commit -m "具體操作" -a "操作人" 容器id 新鏡像名稱
[root@arslinux-01 ~]# docker commit -m "install net-tools" -a "arslinux" 77fbe7aeaee6 centos_with_net sha256:9c213599fd8f289da3333e0a0ddb55d8f208c020e3ace833461d2f0706cdd4d6 [root@arslinux-01 ~]# docker images REPOSITORY TAG IMAGE ID CREATED SIZE centos_with_net latest 9c213599fd8f 4 seconds ago 314MB centos latest 8f92b9698cb1 3 minutes ago 314MB ubuntu latest 3556258649b2 2 weeks ago 64.2MB arslinux latest 9f38484d220f 4 months ago 202MB test111 190808 9f38484d220f 4 months ago 202MB
說明：-m 加一些改動信息，-a 指定作者相關信息 77fbe7aeaee6 這一串爲容器id，再後面爲新鏡像的名字
5、打開新鏡像的容器並進入
[root@arslinux-01 ~]# docker run -itd centos_with_net b1778f203633755d801b022e6db3c07d781f010acf4681cfe5f86b7639b18d6f [root@arslinux-01 ~]# docker exec -it b1778f bash [root@b1778f203633 /]# ifconfig eth0: flags=4163<UP,BROADCAST,RUNNING,MULTICAST> mtu 1500 inet 172.17.0.3 netmask 255.255.0.0 broadcast 172.17.255.255 ether 02:42:ac:11:00:03 txqueuelen 0 (Ethernet) RX packets 8 bytes 656 (656.0 B) RX errors 0 dropped 0 overruns 0 frame 0 TX packets 0 bytes 0 (0.0 B) TX errors 0 dropped 0 overruns 0 carrier 0 collisions 0 lo: flags=73<UP,LOOPBACK,RUNNING> mtu 65536 inet 127.0.0.1 netmask 255.0.0.0 loop txqueuelen 1000 (Local Loopback) RX packets 0 bytes 0 (0.0 B) RX errors 0 dropped 0 overruns 0 frame 0 TX packets 0 bytes 0 (0.0 B) TX errors 0 dropped 0 overruns 0 carrier 0 collisions 0 [root@b1778f203633 /]# ping www.baidu.com PING www.a.shifen.com (180.97.33.107) 56(84) bytes of data. 64 bytes from 180.97.33.107 (180.97.33.107): icmp_seq=5 ttl=127 time=6.15 ms 64 bytes from 180.97.33.107 (180.97.33.107): icmp_seq=6 ttl=127 time=6.53 ms ^C --- www.a.shifen.com ping statistics --- 6 packets transmitted, 6 received, 0% packet loss, time 14037ms rtt min/avg/max/mdev = 5.900/6.595/7.355/0.532 ms
25.5 通過模板創建鏡像
1、下載模板 http://download.openvz.org/template/precreated/
本地下完後上傳到虛擬機中
2、cat tar包 | docker import - 鏡像名（自定義） 導入鏡像
[root@arslinux-01 ~]# cat centos-6-x86-minimal.tar.gz |docker import - centos6 sha256:d0fc4ef11ea3c1cd7039fb595bdb51023d1f01af68d7c58c45b201000e12306e [root@arslinux-01 ~]# docker images REPOSITORY TAG IMAGE ID CREATED SIZE centos6 latest d0fc4ef11ea3 9 seconds ago 512MB centos_with_net latest 9c213599fd8f 53 minutes ago 314MB centos latest 8f92b9698cb1 56 minutes ago 314MB ubuntu latest 3556258649b2 2 weeks ago 64.2MB arslinux latest 9f38484d220f 4 months ago 202MB test111 190808 9f38484d220f 4 months ago 202MB
3、啓動容器，進入
[root@arslinux-01 ~]# docker run -itd centos6 ced4739b62045d77aa6983589a1e43edeacad2b8ec979b77a47b901131cd637 [root@arslinux-01 ~]# docker exec -it ced4739b62 bash [root@ced4739b6204 /]# cat /etc/issue CentOS release 6.8 (Final) Kernel \r on an \m [root@ced4739b6204 /]# uname -a Linux ced4739b6204 3.10.0-957.el7.x86_64 #1 SMP Thu Nov 8 23:39:32 UTC 2018 x86_64 x86_64 x86_64 GNU/Linux
docker 用的是虛擬機 linux 的內核，哪怕是 centos6 的docker ，用的依然是虛擬機 centos7 的內核
4、docker save -o 保存的文件名 鏡像名 導出鏡像
[root@arslinux-01 ~]# docker save -o centos7_with_nettool.tar centos_with_net [root@arslinux-01 ~]# du -sh centos7_with_nettool.tar 307Mcento7_with_nettool.tar
5、先刪除鏡像
[root@arslinux-01 ~]# docker ps CONTAINER ID IMAGE COMMAND CREATED STATUS PORTS NAMES ced4739b6204 centos6 "bash" 11 minutes ago Up 11 minutes suspicious_perlman b1778f203633 centos_with_net "/bin/bash" About an hour ago Up About an hour dazzling_bell 77fbe7aeaee6 9f38484d220f "/bin/bash" 2 hours ago Up 2 hours blissful_yonath [root@arslinux-01 ~]# docker rm -f b1778f203633 b1778f203633 [root@arslinux-01 ~]# docker rmi 9c213599fd8f Untagged: centos_with_net:latest Deleted: sha256:9c213599fd8f289da3333e0a0ddb55d8f208c020e3ace833461d2f0706cdd4d6 [root@arslinux-01 ~]# docker images REPOSITORY TAG IMAGE ID CREATED SIZE centos6 latest d0fc4ef11ea3 12 minutes ago 512MB centos latest 8f92b9698cb1 About an hour ago 314MB ubuntu latest 3556258649b2 2 weeks ago 64.2MB arslinux latest 9f38484d220f 4 months ago 202MB test111 190808 9f38484d220f 4 months ago 202MB
6、再用 docker load 載入
docker load imput 鏡像包
docker load < 鏡像包
以上兩種命令皆可
[root@arslinux-01 ~]# docker load < centos7_with_nettool.tar Loaded image: centos_with_net:latest
[root@arslinux-01 ~]# docker images REPOSITORY TAG IMAGE ID CREATED SIZE centos6 latest d0fc4ef11ea3 16 minutes ago 512MB centos_with_net latest 9c213599fd8f About an hour ago 314MB centos latest 8f92b9698cb1 About an hour ago 314MB ubuntu latest 3556258649b2 2 weeks ago 64.2MB arslinux latest 9f38484d220f 4 months ago 202MB test111 190808 9f38484d220f 4 months ago 202MB
25.6 容器管理
docker create -it 鏡像名 bash 創建容器
docker start 容器id 啓動容器
[root@arslinux-01 ~]# docker create -it centos6 bash 03cea99df28677d8b4ade4e1d729d14b3c0d4c8d183cc9e76f239456ed878534 [root@arslinux-01 ~]# docker ps -a CONTAINER ID IMAGE COMMAND CREATED STATUS PORTS NAMES 03cea99df286 centos6 "bash" 8 seconds ago Created hopeful_darwin ced4739b6204 centos6 "bash" 37 minutes ago Up 37 minutes suspicious_perlman 77fbe7aeaee6 9f38484d220f "/bin/bash" 2 hours ago Up 2 hours blissful_yonath 9d06f43b6871 9f38484d220f "/bin/bash" 2 days ago Exited (137) 2 days ago zealous_mestorf
[root@arslinux-01 ~]# docker start 03cea99df286 03cea99df286 [root@arslinux-01 ~]# docker ps CONTAINER ID IMAGE COMMAND CREATED STATUS PORTS NAMES 03cea99df286 centos6 "bash" 29 seconds ago Up 5 seconds hopeful_darwin ced4739b6204 centos6 "bash" 37 minutes ago Up 37 minutes suspicious_perlman 77fbe7aeaee6 9f38484d220f "/bin/bash" 2 hours ago Up 2 hours blissful_yonath
啓動容器後，可以使用 docker ps 查看到，有 start 就有 stop，和 restart
docker create 再 docker start 相當於 docker run
docker run -it 鏡像名 bash 啓動並進入容器
[root@arslinux-01 ~]# docker run -it centos bash
docker run -d 可以讓容器在後臺運行
例如：docker run -d centos bash -c "while :; do echo "123"; sleep 2; done"
docker run --name 名稱 -itd 鏡像 bash 給容器自定義名字
[root@arslinux-01 ~]# docker run --name arsenal_pepe -itd centos6 bash 6b975789ec240520e4316699cfb83a9752a84da8890f62b18085ce759d252152 [root@arslinux-01 ~]# docker ps CONTAINER ID IMAGE COMMAND CREATED STATUS PORTS NAMES 6b975789ec24 centos6 "bash" 22 seconds ago Up 21 seconds arsenal_pepe 03cea99df286 centos6 "bash" 27 minutes ago Up 27 minutes hopeful_darwin ced4739b6204 centos6 "bash" About an hour ago Up About an hour suspicious_perlman 77fbe7aeaee6 centos "/bin/bash" 2 hours ago Up 2 hours blissful_yonath [root@arslinux-01 ~]# docker exec -it arsenal_pepe bash [root@6b975789ec24 /]#
docker run --rm -it 容器名 bash -c "命令" 命令執行完容器就會退出
[root@arslinux-01 ~]# docker run --rm -it centos bash -c "sleep 15"
--rm 可以讓容器退出後直接刪除，在這裏命令執行完容器就會退出
docker logs 容器id 查看容器運行歷史信息
[root@arslinux-01 ~]# docker run -itd centos bash -c "echo 123" 066f53f67367fe0da907c26d7abd2d0c95acff40eaf2a0203fba556787f4ab83 [root@arslinux-01 ~]# docker logs 066f53f67367 123
docker attach 容器id 進入後臺運行的容器
docker exec -it 容器id bash 臨時打開一個虛擬終端，exit 後，容器依然運行着
attach命令不算好用，比如我們想要退出終端，就得exit了，這樣容器也就退出了，用 exec 比較
docker rm 容器id 刪除容器
[root@arslinux-01 ~]# docker ps -a CONTAINER ID IMAGE COMMAND CREATED STATUS PORTS NAMES 066f53f67367 centos "bash -c 'echo 123'" 5 minutes ago Exited (0) 5 minutes ago sharp_liskov 6b975789ec24 centos6 "bash" 18 minutes ago Up 18 minutes arsenal_pepe 944bc4839130 centos "bash" 30 minutes ago Exited (127) 30 minutes ago nervous_sammet 37366b75bd90 centos "/bin/bash" 30 minutes ago Exited (127) 30 minutes ago inspiring_saha a80eed529a34 centos "bash" 31 minutes ago Exited (0) 30 minutes ago hungry_elgamal 32da41e087c2 centos "bash" 32 minutes ago Exited (0) 32 minutes ago infallible_tereshkova 985de0f4f889 centos "bash" 33 minutes ago Exited (0) 33 minutes ago nifty_nightingale d55e81eae6aa centos "/bin/bash" 35 minutes ago Exited (0) 33 minutes ago condescending_varahamihira 02bccad25efb centos "/bin/bash" 38 minutes ago Exited (0) 37 minutes ago heuristic_wu 03cea99df286 centos6 "bash" 46 minutes ago Up 45 minutes hopeful_darwin ced4739b6204 centos6 "bash" About an hour ago Up About an hour suspicious_perlman 77fbe7aeaee6 centos "/bin/bash" 3 hours ago Up 3 hours blissful_yonath 9d06f43b6871 centos "/bin/bash" 2 days ago Exited (137) 2 days ago zealous_mestorf
[root@arslinux-01 ~]# docker rm 066f53f67367 066f53f67367 [root@arslinux-01 ~]# docker rm 944bc4839130 944bc4839130 [root@arslinux-01 ~]# docker rm 37366b75bd90 37366b75bd90 [root@arslinux-01 ~]# docker rm a80eed529a34 a80eed529a34 [root@arslinux-01 ~]# docker rm 32da41e087c2 32da41e087c2 [root@arslinux-01 ~]# docker rm 985de0f4f889 985de0f4f889
[root@arslinux-01 ~]# docker ps -a CONTAINER ID IMAGE COMMAND CREATED STATUS PORTS NAMES 6b975789ec24 centos6 "bash" 19 minutes ago Up 19 minutes arsenal_pepe d55e81eae6aa centos "/bin/bash" 36 minutes ago Exited (0) 34 minutes ago condescending_varahamihira 02bccad25efb centos "/bin/bash" 40 minutes ago Exited (0) 38 minutes ago heuristic_wu 03cea99df286 centos6 "bash" 47 minutes ago Up 46 minutes hopeful_darwin ced4739b6204 centos6 "bash" About an hour ago Up About an hour suspicious_perlman 77fbe7aeaee6 centos "/bin/bash" 3 hours ago Up 3 hours blissful_yonath 9d06f43b6871 centos "/bin/bash" 2 days ago Exited (137) 2 days ago zealous_mestor
——對於啓動狀態的容器，刪除需要加 -f 強行刪除
[root@arslinux-01 ~]# docker rm 03cea99df286 Error response from daemon: You cannot remove a running container 03cea99df28677d8b4ade4e1d729d14b3c0d4c8d183cc9e76f239456ed878534. Stop the container before attempting removal or force remove [root@arslinux-01 ~]# docker rm -f 03cea99df286 03cea99df286 [root@arslinux-01 ~]# docker ps -a CONTAINER ID IMAGE COMMAND CREATED STATUS PORTS NAMES 6b975789ec24 centos6 "bash" 21 minutes ago Up 21 minutes arsenal_pepe d55e81eae6aa centos "/bin/bash" 38 minutes ago Exited (0) 36 minutes ago condescending_varahamihira 02bccad25efb centos "/bin/bash" 41 minutes ago Exited (0) 40 minutes ago heuristic_wu ced4739b6204 centos6 "bash" About an hour ago Up About an hour suspicious_perlman 77fbe7aeaee6 centos "/bin/bash" 3 hours ago Up 3 hours blissful_yonath 9d06f43b6871 centos "/bin/bash" 2 days ago Exited (137) 2 days ago zealous_mestor
docker export 容器id > 文件.tar 導出容器
cat 文件.tar |docker import - 鏡像名 生成鏡像
[root@arslinux-01 ~]# docker export 9d06f43b6871 > centos.tar
[root@arslinux-01 ~]# cat centos.tar |docker import - centos111
sha256:48f71221434353e6f02227794e1a95fcc8ae5f0dc9608142febc957dd124dba0
25.7 倉庫管理
docker start 啓動未啓動的容器（重啓docker服務後，容器會退出）
[root@arslinux-01 ~]# docker ps -a CONTAINER ID IMAGE COMMAND CREATED STATUS PORTS NAMES 6b975789ec24 centos6 "bash" 27 hours ago Exited (137) 22 hours ago arsenal_pepe d55e81eae6aa centos "/bin/bash" 28 hours ago Exited (0) 28 hours ago condescending_varahamihira 02bccad25efb centos "/bin/bash" 28 hours ago Exited (0) 28 hours ago heuristic_wu ced4739b6204 centos6 "bash" 29 hours ago Exited (137) 22 hours ago suspicious_perlman 77fbe7aeaee6 centos "/bin/bash" 30 hours ago Exited (137) 22 hours ago blissful_yonath 9d06f43b6871 centos "/bin/bash" 3 days ago Exited (137) 3 days ago zealous_mestorf [root@arslinux-01 ~]# docker start 6b975789ec24 6b975789ec24 [root@arslinux-01 ~]# docker ps CONTAINER ID IMAGE COMMAND CREATED STATUS PORTS NAMES 6b975789ec24 centos6 "bash" 27 hours ago Up 1 second arsenal_pepe
1、利用 registry 創建私有倉庫
1）下載 registry 鏡像
[root@arslinux-01 ~]# docker pull registry
2）啓動 registry 容器
docker run -d -p 宿主機端口號:容器端口號 registry 啓動 registry 容器
[root@arslinux-01 ~]# docker run -d -p 5000:5000 registry 3f51ff27501d3f81a29996cc04b8a16ae9b85a9c5b03f4876d13f16fc53e2315 [root@arslinux-01 ~]# docker ps CONTAINER ID IMAGE COMMAND CREATED STATUS PORTS NAMES 3f51ff27501d registry "/entrypoint.sh /etc…" 9 seconds ago Up 7 seconds 0.0.0.0:5000->5000/tcp quizzical_chandrasekhar 6b975789ec24 centos6 "bash" 28 hours ago Up 14 minutes arsenal_pepe
說明：以registry鏡像啓動容器，-p會把容器的端口映射到宿主機上，:左邊爲宿主機監聽端口，:右邊爲容器監聽端口
3）查看 registry 倉庫內容
curl 127.0.0.1:5000/v2/_catalog 查看 registry 倉庫內容
[root@arslinux-01 ~]# curl 127.0.0.1:5000/v2/_catalog
{"repositories":[]}2、上傳鏡像到私有倉庫
1）標記鏡像
docker tag 要標記的鏡像 ip:端口/鏡像 標記tag，必須帶私有倉庫 ip:端口
[root@arslinux-01 ~]# docker tag centos6 192.168.194.130:5000/centos6 [root@arslinux-01 ~]# docker images REPOSITORY TAG IMAGE ID CREATED SIZE 192.168.194.130:5000/centos6 latest d0fc4ef11ea3 29 hours ago 512MB centos6 latest d0fc4ef11ea3 29 hours ago 512MB centos_with_net latest 9c213599fd8f 30 hours ago 314MB ubuntu latest 3556258649b2 2 weeks ago 64.2MB arslinux latest 9f38484d220f 5 months ago 202MB centos latest 9f38484d220f 5 months ago 202MB test111 190808 9f38484d220f 5 months ago 202MB registry latest f32a97de94e1 5 months ago 25.8MB
2）上傳鏡像
docker push ip:端口/鏡像 上傳鏡像到 registry
[root@arslinux-01 ~]# docker push 192.168.194.130:5000/centos6 The push refers to repository [192.168.194.130:5000/centos6] Get https://192.168.194.130:5000/v2/: http: server gave HTTP response to HTTPS client
3）指定私有倉庫地址
以上報錯需要修改配置文件 /etc/docker/daemon.json，在 { } 中加一行內容（如果原本有內容需用逗號 , 隔開）
[root@arslinux-01 ~]# vim /etc/docker/daemon.json
{ "insecure-registries":["192.168.194.130:5000"] }4）重啓 docker、鏡像
[root@arslinux-01 ~]# systemctl restart docker [root@arslinux-01 ~]# docker ps -a CONTAINER ID IMAGE COMMAND CREATED STATUS PORTS NAMES 3f51ff27501d registry "/entrypoint.sh /etc…" 31 minutes ago Exited (2) 2 minutes ago quizzical_chandrasekhar 6b975789ec24 centos6 "bash" 28 hours ago Exited (137) 4 minutes ago arsenal_pepe d55e81eae6aa centos "/bin/bash" 28 hours ago Exited (0) 28 hours ago condescending_varahamihira 02bccad25efb centos "/bin/bash" 29 hours ago Exited (0) 29 hours ago heuristic_wu ced4739b6204 centos6 "bash" 29 hours ago Exited (137) 23 hours ago suspicious_perlman 77fbe7aeaee6 centos "/bin/bash" 31 hours ago Exited (137) 23 hours ago blissful_yonath 9d06f43b6871 centos "/bin/bash" 4 days ago Exited (137) 4 days ago zealous_mestorf [root@arslinux-01 ~]# docker start 3f51ff27501d 3f51ff27501d [root@arslinux-01 ~]# docker ps CONTAINER ID IMAGE COMMAND CREATED STATUS PORTS NAMES 3f51ff27501d registry "/entrypoint.sh /etc…" 31 minutes ago Up 3 seconds 0.0.0.0:5000->5000/tcp quizzical_chandrasekhar
5）重新上傳
[root@arslinux-01 ~]# docker push 192.168.194.130:5000/centos6 The push refers to repository [192.168.194.130:5000/centos6] 0a2f11f7b1ef: Pushed latest: digest: sha256:5c0d4992624653abc8764aec2409903be43105246fffd961fa69c3adbc78f0be size: 529
6）查看倉庫內容 curl
[root@arslinux-01 ~]# curl 192.168.194.130:5000/v2/_catalog
{"repositories":["centos6"]}7）再用以上方法上傳 ubuntu
[root@arslinux-01 ~]# docker tag ubuntu 192.168.194.130:5000/ubuntu
[root@arslinux-01 ~]# docker images
REPOSITORY TAG IMAGE ID CREATED SIZE
192.168.194.130:5000/centos6 latest d0fc4ef11ea3 29 hours ago 512MB
centos6 latest d0fc4ef11ea3 29 hours ago 512MB
centos_with_net latest 9c213599fd8f 30 hours ago 314MB
192.168.194.130:5000/ubuntu latest 3556258649b2 2 weeks ago 64.2MB
ubuntu latest 3556258649b2 2 weeks ago 64.2MB
centos latest 9f38484d220f 5 months ago 202MB
test111 190808 9f38484d220f 5 months ago 202MB
arslinux latest 9f38484d220f 5 months ago 202MB
registry latest f32a97de94e1 5 months ago 25.8MB
[root@arslinux-01 ~]# docker push 192.168.194.130:5000/ubuntu
The push refers to repository [192.168.194.130:5000/ubuntu]
b079b3fa8d1b: Pushed
a31dbd3063d7: Pushed
c56e09e1bd18: Pushed
543791078bdb: Pushed
latest: digest: sha256:d91842ef309155b85a9e5c59566719308fab816b40d376809c39cf1cf4de3c6a size: 1152
[root@arslinux-01 ~]# curl 192.168.194.130:5000/v2/_catalog
{"repositories":["centos6","ubuntu"]}未完待續