DRF實現註冊

一、功能描述：

用戶提交手機號，獲取驗證碼，輸入密碼後，註冊並登錄。

二、發送短信驗證碼

1、首先要校驗手機號是否合法，是否已經註冊，還要限制發送驗證碼不能過於頻繁。

# 發送短信序列化
class SmsSerializer(serializers.Serializer):
    mobile = serializers.CharField(max_length=11)

    def validate_mobile(self, mobile):  # validate_字段  驗證
        """
        驗證手機號碼
        :param data:
        :return:
        """

        # 手機是否註冊
        if User.objects.filter(mobile=mobile).count():
            raise serializers.ValidationError("用戶已經存在")

        # 驗證手機號碼是否合法
        if not re.match(REGEX_MOBILE, mobile):
            raise serializers.ValidationError("手機號碼非法")

        # 驗證碼發送頻率，60秒發一次
        one_mintes_ago = datetime.now() - timedelta(hours=0, minutes=1, seconds=0)
        if VerifyCode.objects.filter(add_time__gt=one_mintes_ago, mobile=mobile).count():
            raise serializers.ValidationError("距離上一次發送未超過60s")

        return mobile

定義一個工具類，向驗證碼服務商發送請求：

import json
import requests


class YunPian(object):
    def __init__(self, api_key):
        self.api_key = api_key
        self.single_send_url = "https://sms.yunpian.com/v2/sms/single_send.json"

    def send_sms(self, code, mobile):
        """
        :param code: 驗證碼
        :param mobile:  手機號
        :return:  
        """
        params = {
            "apikey": self.api_key,
            "mobile": mobile,
            "text": "您的驗證碼是{code}.".format(code=code)
        }

        response = requests.post(self.single_send_url, data=params)
        re_dict = json.loads(response)
        return re_dict

視圖類，發送驗證碼的功能：

class SmsCodeViewset(CreateModelMixin, viewsets.GenericViewSet):
    # 發送短信驗證碼
    serializer_class = SmsSerializer

    # 要發送驗證碼，生成四位驗證碼
    def get_code(self):
        seeds = '1234567890'  # 隨機種子
        random_str = []
        for i in range(4):
            random_str.append(choice(seeds))
        return "".join(random_str)

    # 重寫create方法，向短信服務網站發起請求
    def create(self, request, *args, **kwargs):
        serializer = self.get_serializer(data=request.data)
        serializer.is_valid(raise_exception=True)  # 出現錯誤，直接拋出異常，不會向下執行

        mobile = serializer.validated_data['mobile']  # validated_data 獲取數據
        # 發短信
        yun_pian = YunPian(APIKEY)
        code = self.get_code()

        sms_status = yun_pian.send_sms(code=code, mobile=mobile)  # sms_status得到返回的狀態
        if sms_status["code"] != 0:
            return Response({
                "mobile": sms_status["msg"]
            }, status=status.HTTP_400_BAD_REQUEST)
        else:
            # 保存驗證碼
            code_record = VerifyCode(code=code, mobile=mobile)
            code_record.save()
            return Response({
                "mobile": sms_status["msg"]
            }, status=status.HTTP_201_CREATED)  # 成功

三、註冊

1、序列化類

class UserRegSerializer(serializers.ModelSerializer):
    code = serializers.CharField(required=True, write_only=True, max_length=4, min_length=4, label='驗證碼',
                                 error_messages={
                                     'blank': '請輸入驗證碼',
                                     'required': '請輸入驗證碼',
                                     'max_length': '驗證碼格式錯誤',
                                     'min_length': '驗證碼格式錯誤'
                                 }, help_text='驗證碼')
    username = serializers.CharField(label='用戶名', help_text='用戶名', required=True, allow_blank=False,
                                     validators=[UniqueValidator(queryset=User.objects.all(), message='用戶已存在')])
    password = serializers.CharField(
        style={'input_type': 'password'}, help_text='密碼', label='密碼', write_only=True,
    )  # write_only 數據不返回來

    def validate_code(self, code):
        """
        對驗證碼就行檢驗
        :param code:
        :return:
        """
        verify_records = VerifyCode.objects.filter(mobile=self.initial_data['username']).order_by('-add_time')
        # initial_data 用戶傳過來的值都在這裏面
        if verify_records:
            # 如果用戶多次發送，取出最新驗證碼
            last_record = verify_records[0]
            five_mintes_ago = datetime.now() - timedelta(hours=0, minutes=5, seconds=0)
            if five_mintes_ago > last_record.add_time:
                raise serializers.ValidationError('驗證碼過期')
            if last_record.code != code:
                raise serializers.ValidationError('驗證碼錯誤')
        else:
            raise serializers.ValidationError('驗證碼錯誤')

    def validate(self, attrs):  #全局校驗
        attrs['mobile'] = attrs['username']
        del attrs['code']  # 不會保存到數據庫中，多餘字段，到這已經通過code校驗，可以刪除
        return attrs

    class Meta:
        model = User
        fields = ('username', 'code', 'mobile', 'password')

2、視圖類

class UserViewset(CreateModelMixin, viewsets.GenericViewSet):
    """
    用戶註冊
    """
    serializer_class = UserRegSerializer
    queryset = User.objects.all()

    def create(self, request, *args, **kwargs):
        #重寫create方法
        serializer = self.get_serializer(data=request.data)
        serializer.is_valid(raise_exception=True)
        user = self.perform_create(serializer)  # 保存

        re_dict = serializer.data
        payload = jwt_payload_handler(user)
        re_dict["token"] = jwt_encode_handler(payload)  # 獲取token
        re_dict["name"] = user.name if user.name else user.username
        #返回瀏覽器保存，不保存在服務器

        headers = self.get_success_headers(serializer.data)
        return Response(re_dict, status=status.HTTP_201_CREATED, headers=headers)

    def get_object(self):
        return self.request.user

    def perform_create(self, serializer):
        return serializer.save()

3、Django信號

在保存用戶信息時，密碼會保存成明文，所以引入了Django信號量機制。

from django.dispatch import receiver
from django.contrib.auth import get_user_model

User = get_user_model()


@receiver(post_save, sender=User)  # 用戶提交的數據即將保存時，對密碼加密
def create_user(sender, instance=None, created=False, **kwargs):
    if created:
        password = instance.password
        instance.set_password(password)
        instance.save()