Java時間處理
Java8新增的時間處理API
常用時間處理方法的問題
java.util.Date
和java.util.Calendar
不是線程安全的類SimpleDateFormat
也是非線程安全的類Calendar
獲取月份時需要計算,因爲月份從0開始
日期/時間類
-
LocalDate
與LocalTime
LocalDate
類表示一個具體的日期,但不包含具體時間,也不包含時區信息,LocalTime
表示一個具體的時間LocalDate localDate = LocalDate.of(2017, 1, 4); // 初始化一個日期:2017-01-04 LocalTime localTime = LocalTime.of(17, 23, 52); // 初始化一個時間:17:23:52
-
LocalDateTime
上述兩個類的結合體
LocalDateTime ldt1 = LocalDateTime.of(2017, Month.JANUARY, 4, 17, 23, 52);
-
Instant
Instant表示一個時間戳,精確到納秒
Instant instant = Instant.ofEpochSecond(120, 100000); //參數:seconds表示從1970-01-01 00:00:00開始到現在的秒數,nanos表示納秒部分(nanos的值不會超過999,999,999)
-
Duration
Duration表示一個時間段,精確到納秒
LocalDateTime from = LocalDateTime.of(2017, Month.JANUARY, 5, 10, 7, 0); // 2017-01-05 10:07:00 LocalDateTime to = LocalDateTime.of(2017, Month.FEBRUARY, 5, 10, 7, 0); // 2017-02-05 10:07:00 Duration duration = Duration.between(from, to); // 表示從 2017-01-05 10:07:00 到 2017-02-05 10:07:00 這段時間
日期格式化
DateTimeFormatter
類處理日期格式化java.time.ZoneId
類處理時區
LocalTime to sql.time
LocalTime now = LocalTime.now();
Time time = Time.valueOf(now);
sql.time to LocalTime
//Get SQL time instance
Time sqlTime = new Time(new Date().getTime());
//Get LocalTime from SQL time
LocalTime localtime = sqlTime.toLocalTime();
Date類型與LocalTime轉換
// 01. java.util.Date --> java.time.LocalDateTime
public void UDateToLocalDateTime() {
java.util.Date date = new java.util.Date();
Instant instant = date.toInstant();
ZoneId zone = ZoneId.systemDefault();
LocalDateTime localDateTime = LocalDateTime.ofInstant(instant, zone);
}
// 02. java.util.Date --> java.time.LocalDate
public void UDateToLocalDate() {
java.util.Date date = new java.util.Date();
Instant instant = date.toInstant();
ZoneId zone = ZoneId.systemDefault();
LocalDateTime localDateTime = LocalDateTime.ofInstant(instant, zone);
LocalDate localDate = localDateTime.toLocalDate();
}
// 03. java.util.Date --> java.time.LocalTime
public void UDateToLocalTime() {
java.util.Date date = new java.util.Date();
Instant instant = date.toInstant();
ZoneId zone = ZoneId.systemDefault();
LocalDateTime localDateTime = LocalDateTime.ofInstant(instant, zone);
LocalTime localTime = localDateTime.toLocalTime();
}
// 04. java.time.LocalDateTime --> java.util.Date
public void LocalDateTimeToUdate() {
LocalDateTime localDateTime = LocalDateTime.now();
ZoneId zone = ZoneId.systemDefault();
Instant instant = localDateTime.atZone(zone).toInstant();
java.util.Date date = Date.from(instant);
}
// 05. java.time.LocalDate --> java.util.Date
public void LocalDateToUdate() {
LocalDate localDate = LocalDate.now();
ZoneId zone = ZoneId.systemDefault();
Instant instant = localDate.atStartOfDay().atZone(zone).toInstant();
java.util.Date date = Date.from(instant);
}
// 06. java.time.LocalTime --> java.util.Date
public void LocalTimeToUdate() {
LocalTime localTime = LocalTime.now();
LocalDate localDate = LocalDate.now();
LocalDateTime localDateTime = LocalDateTime.of(localDate, localTime);
ZoneId zone = ZoneId.systemDefault();
Instant instant = localDateTime.atZone(zone).toInstant();
java.util.Date date = Date.from(instant);
}
獲取時區偏移量
String zoneStr = "Asia/Shanghai";
LocalDateTime dt = LocalDateTime.now();
ZoneId zoneId = ZoneId.of(zoneStr);
ZoneDateTime zdt = dt.atZone(zoneId);
ZoneOffset offset = zdt.getOffset();
System.out.println(offset);
//output: +08:00
將給定時間轉化爲UTC時間
ZoneId australia = ZoneId.of("Australia/Sydney");
String str = "2018-08-31 17:00";
DateTimeFormatter formatter = DateTimeFormatter.ofPattern("yyyy-MM-dd HH:mm");
LocalDateTime localtDateAndTime = LocalDateTime.parse(str, formatter);
ZonedDateTime dateAndTimeInSydney = ZonedDateTime.of(localtDateAndTime, australia);
System.out.println("Current date and time in a particular timezone : " + dateAndTimeInSydney);
ZonedDateTime utcDate = dateAndTimeInSydney.withZoneSameInstant(ZoneOffset.UTC);
System.out.println("Current date and time in UTC : " + utcDate);
- 另一種方式,設置與相應的時區格式化
String input = "2018-08-31 17:00";
ZoneId zone = ZoneId.of("Australia/Sydney");
DateTimeFormatter fmt = DateTimeFormatter.ofPattern("yyyy-MM-dd HH:mm").withZone(zone);
ZonedDateTime utc = ZonedDateTime.parse(input, fmt).withZoneSameInstant(UTC);