依賴注入Bean屬性,使用xml配置
1、構造方法注入
案例代碼演示
public class User {
private String username;
private String password;
private Integer age;
public User() {}
public User(String username, String password, Integer age) {
this.username = username;
this.password = password;
this.age = age;
}
public String getUsername() {
return username;
}
public void setUsername(String username) {
this.username = username;
}
public String getPassword() {
return password;
}
public void setPassword(String password) {
this.password = password;
}
public Integer getAge() {
return age;
}
public void setAge(Integer age) {
this.age = age;
}
@Override
public String toString() {
return "User{" +
"username='" + username + '\'' +
", password='" + password + '\'' +
", age=" + age +
'}';
}
}
========================================================================================
通過構造方法注入參數
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<beans xmlns="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans"
xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
xsi:schemaLocation="
http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans/spring-beans.xsd">
<!---->
<bean id="user" class="com.example.demo.testservice.User">
<!--相當於調用了有參構造
public User(String username, String password, Integer age) {...}
-->
<constructor-arg name="username" value="zhangsan"/>
<constructor-arg name="password" value="123456"/>
<constructor-arg name="age" value="99"/>
</bean>
</beans>
========================================================================================
測試函數
public class ServiceTest {
public static void main(String[] args) {
ApplicationContext context1 = new ClassPathXmlApplicationContext("beans.xml");
User user = (User) context1.getBean("user");
System.out.println(user);
}
}
執行測試函數得到如下結果:User{username='zhangsan', password='123456', age=99}
上面的bean.xml還可以通過索引注入參數,其他不變,修改 bean.xml 如下
通過索引注入參數
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<beans xmlns="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans"
xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
xsi:schemaLocation="
http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans/spring-beans.xsd">
<bean id="user" class="com.example.demo.testservice.User">
<!--相當於調用了有參構造
public User(String username, String password, Integer age) {...}
-->
<constructor-arg index="0" value="李四" type="java.lang.String"/>
<constructor-arg index="1" value="112233" type="java.lang.String"/>
<constructor-arg index="2" value="44" type="java.lang.Integer"/>
</bean>
</beans>
執行測試函數得到如下結果:User{username='李四', password='112233', age=44}
2、屬性setter方法注入(有兩種)
上面的 User 和 測試函數 ServiceTest 不變,只需要修改 bean.xml即可
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<beans xmlns="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans"
xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
xsi:schemaLocation="
http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans/spring-beans.xsd">
<bean id="user" class="com.example.demo.testservice.User">
<property name="age" value="11"/>
<property name="password" value="666"/>
<property name="username" value="王麻子"/>
</bean>
</beans>
=========================================================================================
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<beans xmlns="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans"
xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
xsi:schemaLocation="
http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans/spring-beans.xsd">
<bean id="user" class="com.example.demo.testservice.User">
<property name="age">
<value>11</value>
</property>
<property name="password">
<value>666</value>
</property>
<property name="username">
<value>王麻子</value>
</property>
</bean>
</beans>
上面 兩種配置 bean.xml 都可以,採用第一種配置的比較只管方便。測試結果都如下:
User{username='王麻子', password='666', age=11}
3、p命名空間注入
上面的 User 和 測試函數 ServiceTest 不變,只需要修改 bean.xml即可。
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<beans xmlns="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans"
xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
xmlns:p ="http://www.springframework.org/schema/p"
xsi:schemaLocation="
http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans
http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans/spring-beans.xsd">
<bean id="user" class="com.example.demo.testservice.User" p:age="111" p:password="888" p:username="秦始皇" />
</beans>
這種方法不常用,有興趣的朋友可以對比下 p 命名空間的 bean.xml 和構造方法注入、setter 方法注入的 bean.xml 區別就是加了一個===》xmlns:p ="http://www.springframework.org/schema/p",就可以使用 p 命名空間了。運行結果如下:
User{username='秦始皇', password='888', age=111}
4、集合注入
List、Set、Map、Properties
public class Coder {
private List<String> cars; // 車
private Set<String> pats; // 寵物
private Map<String,String> information; // 信息
private Properties mysqlInfo; // Mysql 連接信息
public Properties getMysqlInfo() {
return mysqlInfo;
}
public void setMysqlInfo(Properties mysqlInfo) {
this.mysqlInfo = mysqlInfo;
}
public Map<String, String> getInformation() {
return information;
}
public void setInformation(Map<String, String> information) {
this.information = information;
}
public Set<String> getPats() {
return pats;
}
public void setPats(Set<String> pats) {
this.pats = pats;
}
public List<String> getCars() {
return cars;
}
public void setCars(List<String> cars) {
this.cars = cars;
}
@Override
public String toString() {
return "Coder{" +
"cars=" + cars +
", pats=" + pats +
", information=" + information +
", mysqlInfo=" + mysqlInfo +
'}';
}
}
=========================================================================================
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<beans xmlns="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans"
xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
xsi:schemaLocation="
http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans
http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans/spring-beans.xsd">
<bean id="coder" class="com.example.demo.testservice.Coder">
<!--List 數據注入-->
<property name="cars">
<list>
<value>ofo</value>
<value>寶馬</value>
<value>奔馳</value>
</list>
</property>
<!--Set數據注入-->
<property name="pats">
<set>
<value>豬</value>
<value>馬</value>
<value>牛</value>
</set>
</property>
<!--Map 數據注入-->
<property name="information">
<map>
<entry key="name" value="王八蛋"/>
<entry key="age" value="99"/>
<entry key="password" value="8888"/>
</map>
</property>
<!--Properties 數據注入-->
<property name="mysqlInfo">
<props>
<prop key="url">mysql:jdbc://localhost:3306/sample</prop>
<prop key="username">root</prop>
<prop key="password">root</prop>
</props>
</property>
</bean>
</beans>
=========================================================================================測試函數
public class ServiceTest {
public static void main(String[] args) {
ApplicationContext context1 = new ClassPathXmlApplicationContext("beans.xml");
Coder coder = (Coder) context1.getBean("coder");
System.out.println("車:"+coder.getCars());
System.out.println("寵物:"+coder.getPats());
System.out.println("個人信息:"+coder.getInformation());
System.out.println("數據庫信息信息:"+coder.getMysqlInfo());
}
}
運行結果如下:車:[ofo, 寶馬, 奔馳]
寵物:[豬, 馬, 牛]
個人信息:{name=王八蛋, age=99, password=8888}
數據庫信息信息:{password=root, url=mysql:jdbc://localhost:3306/sample, username=root}