阿里雲Centos7.3實踐：搭建Sendmail服務器和配置

*以服務器地址120.79.254.2爲例，服務器具體地址數值僅爲示範所需，並非真實所用地址，如有冒犯，請聯繫更改。

1. 切換權限

sudo su root

2.安裝DNS服務器軟件包

yum install bind -y

yum install bind-libs -y

3.配置/etc/named.conf文件

vim /etc/named.conf

修改：

listen-on port 53 { any; };

allow-query { any; };

增加：

zone "uc-knight.top" IN{
type master;
file "uc-knight.top.zone";
};

zone "254.79.120.in-addr.arpa" IN{
type master;
file "254.79.120.zone";
};

4.配置 /var/named/uc-knight.top.zone 文件

vim /var/named/uc-knight.top.zone

$ttl 600

@ IN SOA lance.uc-knight.top. lance.www.uc-knight.top.(
2018060601 10800 3600 604800 38400 )
; Serial Refresh Retry Expire MinumumTTL
; Serial<2^32 Refresh>=Retry*2 Refresh+Retry<Expire
; Expire>=Retry*10
@ IN NS lance.uc-knight.top.
lance.uc-knight.top. IN A 120.79.254.2
@ IN MX 5 www.uc-knight.top.
www.uc-knight.top. IN A 120.79.254.2

5.配置 /var/named/254.79.120.zone 文件

vim /var/named/254.79.120.zone

$ttl 600
@ IN SOA lance.uc-knight.top. lance.www.uc-knight.top.(
2018060601 10800 3600 604800 38400 )
; Serial Refresh Retry Expire MinumumTTL
; Serial<2^32 Refresh>=Retry*2 Refresh+Retry<Expire
; Expire>=Retry*10
@ IN NS lance.uc-knight.top.
2 IN PTR lance.uc-knight.top.

6.啓動named服務，並設爲開機自啓

systemctl start named

systemctl enable named

*7.DNS客戶端配置（注意不是服務器端）

Linux: yum install bind-utils -y 然後編輯 vim /etc/resolv.conf

本例中爲 nameserver 120.79.254.2

Windows: 本地連接/網絡適配器-ipv4協議-手動配置輸入dns地址

本例中爲使用下面的DNS服務器地址- 120.79.254.2

**額外小內容：web服務器配置（基於完成以上DNS配置步驟）

a.安裝web服務器軟件包

yum install httpd -y

yum install httpd-tools -y

yum install http-manual -y

b.修改/etc/httpd/conf/httpd.conf 文件

vim /etc/httpd/conf/httpd.conf

修改以下內容

ServerAdmin [email protected]

ServerName www.uc-knight.top

c.將網頁保存到/var/www/html目錄中

本例使用echo命令生成index.html文件

echo "Welcome to uc-knight.top! " >/var/www/html/index.html

d.啓動httpd服務，設爲開機自啓

systemctl start httpd

systemctl enable httpd

8.安裝Sendmail服務器軟件包(sendmail, sendmail-cf, procmail, m4)

yum install sendmail -y

yum install sendmail-cf -y

9.驗證郵件交換器設置(通過配置好DNS的客戶端，即完成了執行第7點的客戶端)

nslookup -q=mx uc-knight.top

輸出爲：

Server: 120.79.254.2
Address: 120.79.254.2#53

uc-knight.top mail exchanger = 5 www.uc-knight.top.

10.配置 /etc/mail/sendmail.mc 文件

vim /etc/mail/sendmail.mc

修改：

dnl # DAEMON_OPTIONS(`Port=smtp,Addr=127.0.0.1, Name=MTA')dnl

LOCAL_DOMAIN(`uc-knight.top')dnl

11.使用m4進行重定向/etc/mail/sendmail.cf

m4 /etc/mail/sendmail.mc >/etc/mail/sendmail.cf

12.vim /etc/mail/local-host-names

增加：

uc-knight.top <--域

www.uc-knight.top <--郵件主機名

13.vim /etc/hosts

增加：

120.79.254.2 lance www.uc-knight.top

服務器ip地址；主機名；郵箱主機名

**.修改主機名（靜態瞬態靈活主機名同時修改）

hostnamectl set-hostname <hostname>

**查詢主機名 hostname -f

或 vim /etc/hostname

*14.vim /etc/mail/access

120.79.254 RELAY
uc-knight.top RELAY

修改後重定向:

makemap hash /etc/mail/access.db </etc/mail/access

*15.編輯/etc/aliases文件

編輯後使用newaliases生成/etc/aliases.db數據庫

16.運行sendmail服務，設置開機自啓

systemctl start sendmail

systemctl enable sendmail

*可使用 systemctl status sendmail 查看是否已啓動

*可使用 systemctl status sendmail -l 查看服務具體啓動情況

*可使用 systemctl is-enabled sendmail 查詢是否已設置爲開機啓動

17.安裝dovecot軟件包

yum install dovecot -y

18.vim /etc/dovecot/dovecot.conf

修改：

protocols = imap pop3 lmtp

listen = *

base_dir = /var/run/dovecot/

19.運行dovecot服務，設爲開機自啓

systemctl start dovecot

systemctl enable dovecot

開始測試在配置好dns的客戶端上遠程登陸pop3端口110

*SMTP 端口 TCP 25

*POP3 端口 TCP 110

*IMAP 端口 TCP 143

telnet 120.79.254.2 110

user test

pass test

(用戶自己在系統中添加)

問題一：輸入user test 回車後出現

-ERR [AUTH] Plaintext authentication disallowed on non-secure (SSL/TLS) connections.

解決：

vim /etc/dovecot/conf.d/10-auth.conf

修改

disable_plaintext_auth = no

vim /etc/dovecot/conf.d/10-ssl.conf

修改

ssl = no

重啓dovecot服務

systemctl restart dovecot

問題二：修改問題一後，輸入pass test，出現

-ERR [SYS/TEMP] Internal error occurred. Refer to server log for more information.

Connection closed by foreign host.

使用命令查看log

tail /var/log/maillog

Jun 6 23:43:29 iz6yiqbo5vklydz dovecot: pop3(test): Error: user test: Initialization failed: Namespace '': Mail storage autodetection failed with home=/home/test

Jun 6 23:43:29 iz6yiqbo5vklydz dovecot: pop3(test): Error: Invalid user settings. Refer to server log for more information.

解決： vim /etc/dovecot/conf.d/10-mail.conf

設置mail_location參數

mail_location = mbox:~/mail:INBOX=/var/mail/%u

問題三：接着修改完問題二後，繼續登錄，出現

-ERR [SYS/PERM] Permission denied
Connection closed by foreign host.

查看日誌 tail /var/log/maillog

Error: chown(/home/test/mail/.imap, group=12(mail)) failed: Operation not permitted (egid=1002(test), group based on /var/mail/test - see http://wiki2.dovecot.org/Errors/ChgrpNoPerm)
Jun 6 23:51:12 iz6yiqbo5vklydz dovecot: pop3(test): Error: Couldn't open INBOX: Permission denied
Jun 6 23:51:12 iz6yiqbo5vklydz dovecot: pop3(test): Couldn't open INBOX top=0/0, retr=0/0, del=0/0, size=0

解決方案

更改權限 chmod 0600 /var/mail/* (或者權限改爲777等)

本例中爲test用戶故命令爲 chmod 0600 /var/mail/test

**使用命令查看日誌文件

cat /var/log/maillog

tail /var/log/maillog

**不要用root用戶遠程登錄郵箱服務器