4-1 比薩 ：想出至少三種你喜歡的比薩，將其名稱存儲在一個列表中，再使用for 循環將每種比薩的名稱都打印出來。 修改這個for 循環，使其打印包含比薩名稱的句子，而不僅僅是比薩的名稱。對於每種比薩，都顯示一行輸出，如“I like pepperoni pizza”。 在程序末尾添加一行代碼，它不在for 循環中，指出你有多喜歡比薩。輸出應包含針對每種比薩的消息，還有一個總結性句子，如“I really love pizza!”。
Pizza = ["Banana","Beef","Orange","Apple"]
for i in Pizza:
# print( "I like {} pizza ! ".format(i))
print( "I like %s pizza ! "%i)
print("I really love pizza !")
I like Banana pizza !
I like Beef pizza !
I like Orange pizza !
I like Apple pizza !
I really love pizza !
4-2 動物 ：想出至少三種有共同特徵的動物，將這些動物的名稱存儲在一個列表中，再使用for 循環將每種動物的名稱都打印出來。 修改這個程序，使其針對每種動物都打印一個句子，如“Adogwould makea great pet”。 在程序末尾添加一行代碼，指出這些動物的共同之處，如打印諸如“Any oftheseanimals would makea great pet!”這樣的句子。
Anamial = ["Panda","Pig","cat","mouse"]
for i in Anamial:
print("A {} would make a great pet !".format(i))
print("Any of these animals would makea great pet!")
A Panda would make a great pet !
A Pig would make a great pet !
A cat would make a great pet !
A mouse would make a great pet !
Any of these animals would makea great pet!
4-3 數到20 ：使用一個for 循環打印數字1~20（含）。
for i in range(1,21):
print(i,end=" ")
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20
4-5 計算1~1 000 000的總和 ：創建一個列表，其中包含數字1~1 000 000，再使用min() 和max() 覈實該列表確實是從1開始，到1 000 000結束的。另外，對這個列表 調用函數sum() ，看看Python將一百萬個數字相加需要多長時間。
lis = []
for i in range(1,1000000):
lis.append(i)
a=min(lis)
b=max(lis)
c=sum(lis)
print(a,b,c)
1 999999 499999500000
4-6 奇數 ：通過給函數range() 指定第三個參數來創建一個列表，其中包含1~20的奇數；再使用一個for 循環將這些數字都打印出來。
number = []
for i in range(1,21,2):#range(1,21,2)從1 開始生成列表，到20結束（包含20），步長爲2
number.append(i)
for n in number:
print(n,end=" ")
print(number)
print(min(number))
print(max(number))
print(sum(number))
number.reverse()
print(number)
1 3 5 7 9 11 13 15 17 19 [1, 3, 5, 7, 9, 11, 13, 15, 17, 19]
1
19
100
[19, 17, 15, 13, 11, 9, 7, 5, 3, 1]
number = list(range(1, 21, 2))
print(number)
[1, 3, 5, 7, 9, 11, 13, 15, 17, 19]
4-7 3的倍數 ：創建一個列表，其中包含3~30內能被3整除的數字；再使用一個for 循環將這個列表中的數字都打印出來。
number =[]
for i in range(3,30):
if i%3==0:
number.append(i)
for n in number:
print(n,end=" ")
print(number)
print(min(number))
print(max(number))
print(sum(number))
number.reverse()
print(number)
3 6 9 12 15 18 21 24 27 [3, 6, 9, 12, 15, 18, 21, 24, 27]
3
27
135
[27, 24, 21, 18, 15, 12, 9, 6, 3]
numbers = list(range(3,31,3))
for num in numbers:
print(num,end=" ")
3 6 9 12 15 18 21 24 27 30
4-8 立方 ：將同一個數字乘三次稱爲立方。例如，在Python中，2的立方用2**3 表示。請創建一個列表，其中包含前10個整數（即1~10）的立方，再使用一個for 循 環將這些立方數都打印出來。
number = [n**3 for n in range(1,11)] #在這個示例中，for 循環爲for n in range(1,11) ，它將值 1~10提供給表達式n**3。
for i in number:
print(i, end=" ")
print(number)
number = list(range(1,11))
for i in [n**3 for n in number]:
print(i,end=" ")
1 8 27 64 125 216 343 512 729 1000
4-9 立方解析 ：使用列表解析生成一個列表，其中包含前10個整數的立方。
number = [n**3 for n in range(1,11)] #在這個示例中，for 循環爲for n in range(1,11) ，它將值 1~10提供給表達式n**3。
for i in number:
print(i, end=" ")
print(number)
1 8 27 64 125 216 343 512 729 1000 [1, 8, 27, 64, 125, 216, 343, 512, 729, 1000]
4-10 切片 ：選擇你在本章編寫的一個程序，在末尾添加幾行代碼，以完成如下任務。
打印消息“Thefirst threeitems in thelistare:”，再使用切片來打印列表的前三個元素。
打印消息“Threeitems fromthe middle ofthelistare:”，再使用切片來打印列表中間的三個元素。
打印消息“Thelast threeitems in thelistare:”，再使用切片來打印列表末尾的三個元素。
Fruit = ["蘋果","梨","橘子","火龍果","banana","Orange"]
print("Thefirst threeitems in thelistare:" + Fruit[:3])
---------------------------------------------------------------------------
TypeError Traceback (most recent call last)
<ipython-input-10-72c4c4e0e528> in <module>
1 Fruit = ["蘋果","梨","橘子","火龍果","banana","Orange"]
----> 2 print("Thefirst threeitems in thelistare:" + Fruit[:3])
TypeError: can only concatenate str (not "list") to str
zifu = "Things"
print("Thefirst threeitems in thelistare:" + zifu[:3])
print("Threeitems fromthe middle ofthelistare:" + zifu[2:5] )
print("Thelast threeitems in thelistare:" + zifu[-3:])
print("Thelast threeitems in thelistare:" + zifu[-1:-4:-1])
Thefirst threeitems in thelistare:Thi
Threeitems fromthe middle ofthelistare:ing
Thelast threeitems in thelistare:ngs
Thelast threeitems in thelistare:sgn
my_foods = ['pizza', 'falafel', 'carrot cake', 'cannoli', 'ice cream']
print("The first three items in the list are:")
print(my_foods[:3]) # 4-10-1
print("\nThree items from the middle of the list are:")
print(my_foods[1:4]) # 4-10-2
print("\nThree items from the middle of the list are:")
print(my_foods[-3:]) # 4-10-3
The first three items in the list are:
['pizza', 'falafel', 'carrot cake']
Three items from the middle of the list are:
['falafel', 'carrot cake', 'cannoli']
Three items from the middle of the list are:
['carrot cake', 'cannoli', 'ice cream']
4-11 你的比薩和我的比薩 ：在你爲完成練習4-1而編寫的程序中，創建比薩列表的副本，並將其存儲到變量friend_pizzas 中，再完成如下任務。
在原來的比薩列表中添加一種比薩。 在列表friend_pizzas 中添加另一種比薩。 覈實你有兩個不同的列表。爲此，打印消息“My favorite pizzasare:”，再使用一個for 循環來打印第一個列表；打印消息“My friend’s favorite pizzasare:”，再使用一 個for 循環來打印第二個列表。覈實新增的比薩被添加到了正確的列表中。
my_foods = ['pizza', 'falafel', 'carrot cake', 'cannoli', 'ice cream']
friend_pizzas = my_foods[:]
my_foods.append('cheese') # 4-11-1
friend_pizzas.append('seafood') # 4-11-2
for i in my_foods:
print("My favorite pizzas are: " + i)
for i in friend_pizzas:
print("My friend’s favorite pizzas are: " + i)
My favorite pizzas are: pizza
My favorite pizzas are: falafel
My favorite pizzas are: carrot cake
My favorite pizzas are: cannoli
My favorite pizzas are: ice cream
My favorite pizzas are: cheese
My friend’s favorite pizzas are: pizza
My friend’s favorite pizzas are: falafel
My friend’s favorite pizzas are: carrot cake
My friend’s favorite pizzas are: cannoli
My friend’s favorite pizzas are: ice cream
My friend’s favorite pizzas are: seafood
my_foods = ["水果","牛肉","海魚","大閘蟹","核桃"]
friend_pizzas = my_foods[:]
#要複製列表，可創建一個包含整個列表的切片，方法是同時省略起始索引和終止索引（[:] ）。這讓Python創建一個始於第一個元素，終止於最後一個元素的切片，即複製整個 列表。
my_foods.append('雞肉')
friend_pizzas.append('豬肉')
for i in my_foods:
print("My favorite pizzas are: " + i)
for i in friend_pizzas:
print("My friend’s favorite pizzas are: " + i)
print(my_foods[1:4])
4-13 自助餐 ：有一家自助式餐館，只提供五種簡單的食品。請想出五種簡單的食品，並將其存儲在一個元組中。 使用一個for 循環將該餐館提供的五種食品都打印出來。 嘗試修改其中的一個元素，覈實Python確實會拒絕你這樣做。 餐館調整了菜單，替換了它提供的其中兩種食品。請編寫一個這樣的代碼塊：給元組變量賦值，並使用一個for 循環將新元組的每個元素都打印出來。
HlepDinner = ("烤金針菇","骨肉相連","羊肉串","牛肉麪","水果沙拉")
print(HlepDinner)
HlepDinner[0]="宮保雞丁"
('烤金針菇', '骨肉相連', '羊肉串', '牛肉麪', '水果沙拉')
---------------------------------------------------------------------------
TypeError Traceback (most recent call last)
<ipython-input-5-165bfccac886> in <module>
1 HlepDinner = ("烤金針菇","骨肉相連","羊肉串","牛肉麪","水果沙拉")
2 print(HlepDinner)
----> 3 HlepDinner[0]="宮保雞丁"
TypeError: 'tuple' object does not support item assignment
HlepDinner = ("烤金針菇","骨肉相連",["烤青椒","冰淇淋","毛血旺"],"羊肉串","牛肉麪","水果沙拉")
print(HlepDinner)
print(type(HlepDinner))
for i in HlepDinner:
print(i,end=" ")
('烤金針菇', '骨肉相連', ['烤青椒', '冰淇淋', '毛血旺'], '羊肉串', '牛肉麪', '水果沙拉')
<class 'tuple'>
烤金針菇 骨肉相連 ['烤青椒', '冰淇淋', '毛血旺'] 羊肉串 牛肉麪 水果沙拉
HlepDinner = ("烤金針菇","骨肉相連","羊肉串","牛肉麪","水果沙拉")
HlepDinner = ("烤金針菇","骨肉相連",["烤青椒","冰淇淋","毛血旺"],"羊肉串","牛肉麪","水果沙拉")
print(HlepDinner)
print(HlepDinner[-1:-5:-1])
HlepDinner =HlepDinner[-1:-5:-1] + ("烤紅薯","涮肚","薯片")
print(HlepDinner)
('烤金針菇', '骨肉相連', ['烤青椒', '冰淇淋', '毛血旺'], '羊肉串', '牛肉麪', '水果沙拉')
('水果沙拉', '牛肉麪', '羊肉串', ['烤青椒', '冰淇淋', '毛血旺'])
('水果沙拉', '牛肉麪', '羊肉串', ['烤青椒', '冰淇淋', '毛血旺'], '烤紅薯', '涮肚', '薯片')
