mysql基础语句

+++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++mysql 基础操作
//主键549830479
alter table tabelname add new_field_id int(5) unsigned default 0 not null auto_increment ,add primary key (new_field_id);
//增加一个新列549830479
alter table t2 add d timestamp;
alter table infos add ex tinyint not null default '0';
//删除列549830479
alter table t2 drop column c;
//重命名列549830479
alter table t1 change a b integer;
//改变列的类型549830479
alter table t1 change b b bigint not null;
alter table infos change list list tinyint not null default '0';
//重命名表549830479
alter table t1 rename t2;
加索引549830479
mysql> alter table tablename change depno depno int(5) not null;
mysql> alter table tablename add index 索引名 (字段名1[，字段名2 …]);
mysql> alter table tablename add index emp_name (name);
加主关键字的索引549830479
mysql> alter table tablename add primary key(id);
加唯一限制条件的索引549830479
mysql> alter table tablename add unique emp_name2(cardnumber);
删除某个索引549830479
mysql>alter table tablename drop index emp_name;
修改表：549830479
增加字段：549830479
mysql> ALTER TABLE table_name ADD field_name field_type;
修改原字段名称及类型：549830479
mysql> ALTER TABLE table_name CHANGE old_field_name new_field_name field_type;
删除字段：549830479
mysql> ALTER TABLE table_name DROP field_name;

+++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++mysql 约束
--------添加主键约束(bookid作为主键)
alter table bookmessage
add constraint pk_bookid primary key(bookid)
--------添加唯一约束
alter table bookmessage
add constraint uq_bookid UNIQUE(bookid)
---------添加默认约束
alter table bookmessage
add constraint df_address DEFAUIT('地址不详') for Address
--------添加检出约束,要求年龄只能在15---40之间
alter table readermessage
add constraint CK_age CHECK(age BETWEEN 15 AND 40)
-------添加外键约束
alter table bookmessage
add constraint fk_bookid
foreign key(bookid)<外键> references readermessage<表>(readerid)<表中的主键>
-------删除约束
alter table 表名
drop constraint 约束名
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