教你用C#讀寫、刪除、更新excel表格記錄
如下圖所示，編一個程序，鼠標單擊窗體視圖區（右邊）時，獲取一對座標（X,Y)，點擊保存將點保存到excel表記錄中。此外，還實現了刪除、更新功能以及打開excel表功能。插入和更新比較簡單，和操作一般的數據庫一樣，但是刪除稍微有點複雜，不能用delete from [Sheet1$] where ID=x的方式刪除，自己可以去試，主要是excel數據之間的關係不像關係數據庫那麼簡單，oledb不提供這種方法。所以只能用專門操作excel表的（Microsoft.Office.Interop.Excel名字空間下，先添加引用)來實現刪除某條記錄的功能。
源代碼：
using System;
using System.Collections.Generic;
using System.ComponentModel;
using System.Data;
using System.Drawing;
using System.Text;
using System.Windows.Forms;
using System.Data.OleDb;
using System.Reflection;
using Excel = Microsoft.Office.Interop.Excel;
namespace Leation
{
public partial class FrmMain : Form
{
//定義變量
private OleDbConnection connection = null;
private OleDbCommand cmd = null;
private OleDbDataAdapter dataAdapter = null;
private DataSet dataSet = null;
private string filePath = @"G:\points.xls";
private string connStr = "provider=microsoft.jet.oledb.4.0;data source=G:\\points.xls;extended properties='Excel 8.0;HDR=yes;IMEX=2'";
private string selectStr = "select * from [Sheet1$]";
private string cmdStr = null;
private string OID = null; //對象ID
private string x = null;
private string y = null;
private Excel.Application excelApp = null;
private Excel.Workbook book = null;
private Excel.Worksheet sheet = null;
private Excel.Range range = null;
//構造函數
public FrmMain()
{
InitializeComponent();
}
//鼠標移動事件
private void splitContainer1_Panel2_MouseMove(object sender, MouseEventArgs e)
{
this.lblxy.Text = "x=" + e.X.ToString() + " y=" + e.Y.ToString();
}
//鼠標按下事件
private void splitContainer1_Panel2_MouseDown(object sender, MouseEventArgs e)
{
if (e.Button == MouseButtons.Left)
{
this.tbX.Text = e.X.ToString();
this.tbY.Text = e.Y.ToString();
}
}
//刷新dataGridView1
private void RefreshTable()
{
connection = new OleDbConnection(connStr);
connection.Open();
dataAdapter = new OleDbDataAdapter(selectStr, connection);
dataSet = new DataSet();
dataAdapter.Fill(dataSet);
this.dataGridView1.DataSource = dataSet.Tables[0];
connection.Close();
}
//程序加載事件，初始化dataGridView1
private void FrmMain_Load(object sender, EventArgs e)
{
this.RefreshTable();
}
//獲取一個可以用的OID
private string GetOID()
{
int rowNum = this.dataGridView1.Rows.Count - 1;
int maxOID = 0;
int temp = 0;
for (int i = 0; i < rowNum; i++)
{
temp = int.Parse(this.dataGridView1[0, i].Value.ToString());
if (maxOID < temp)
{
maxOID = temp;
}
}
return (maxOID+1).ToString();
}
//插入一條記錄，即保存一個點信息
private void btnSavePnt_Click(object sender, EventArgs e)
{
OID = this.GetOID();
x = this.tbX.Text;
y = this.tbY.Text;
if (x == "" || y == "")
{
MessageBox.Show("x,y不能爲空");
lblTip.Text = "保存失敗";
return;
}
connection = new OleDbConnection(connStr);
connection.Open();
cmdStr = "insert into [Sheet1$](ID,X,Y) values(" + OID + "," + x + "," + y + ")";
cmd = new OleDbCommand(cmdStr, connection);
int row=cmd.ExecuteNonQuery();
if (row > 0)
{
lblTip.Text = "保存成功，插入行數：" + row.ToString();
}
else
{
lblTip.Text = "保存失敗";
}
connection.Close();
this.RefreshTable();
}
//刪除記錄
private void btnDelSelRow_Click(object sender, EventArgs e)
{
int selRowIndex = this.dataGridView1.CurrentRow.Index + 2; //excel表中的行索引與dataGridView不一樣，這裏注意
if (selRowIndex<1)
{
MessageBox.Show("沒有選中行");
lblTip.Text = "刪除失敗";
return;
}
excelApp = new Microsoft.Office.Interop.Excel.Application();
excelApp.Visible = false; //若爲true，刪除瞬間可以看見 office excel界面
//打開excel文件
book = excelApp.Workbooks.Open(filePath, Missing.Value,false, Missing.Value, Missing.Value, Missing.Value, true, Missing.Value, Missing.Value, Missing.Value, Missing.Value, Missing.Value, Missing.Value, Missing.Value, Missing.Value);
//獲取sheet1
sheet = (Excel.Worksheet)book.Worksheets[1];
//獲取編輯範圍
range = (Excel.Range)sheet.Rows[selRowIndex, Missing.Value];
//刪除整行
range.EntireRow.Delete(Excel.XlDeleteShiftDirection.xlShiftUp);
//保存編輯
book.Save();
//關閉book
book.Close(Missing.Value, Missing.Value, Missing.Value);
//退出excel application，可以將前面的excelApp.Visible = false改爲excelApp.Visible = true看看;
excelApp.Workbooks.Close();
excelApp.Quit();
//刷新dataGridView1
this.RefreshTable();
//選中刪除行的上一行
if ((selRowIndex - 3) > 0)
{
this.dataGridView1.Rows[selRowIndex - 3].Selected = true;
}
this.lblTip.Text="刪除成功";
}
//更新記錄
private void btnUpdate_Click(object sender, EventArgs e)
{
int selRowIndex= this.dataGridView1.CurrentRow.Index;
if (selRowIndex< 0)
{
MessageBox.Show("沒有選中行!");
lblTip.Text = "更新失敗";
return;
}
OID = this.dataGridView1[0, selRowIndex].Value.ToString();
x = this.tbX.Text;
y = this.tbY.Text;
if (x == "" || y == "")
{
MessageBox.Show("x,y不能爲空");
lblTip.Text = "更新失敗";
return;
}
connection = new OleDbConnection(connStr);
connection.Open();
cmdStr = "update [Sheet1$] set X="+x+",Y="+y+" where ID='"+OID+"'";
cmd = new OleDbCommand(cmdStr, connection);
int row = cmd.ExecuteNonQuery();
if (row >= 1)
{
lblTip.Text = "更新成功，更新行數：" + row.ToString();
}
else
{
lblTip.Text = "更新失敗";
}
connection.Close();
this.RefreshTable();
//選中更新的行
this.dataGridView1.Rows[selRowIndex].Selected = true;
}
private void btnOpenFile_Click(object sender, EventArgs e)
{
OpenFileDialog ofd = new OpenFileDialog();
ofd.Filter = "excel文件(*.xls)|*.xls";
ofd.Title = "代開excel表";
if (ofd.ShowDialog() == DialogResult.OK)
{
this.filePath = ofd.FileName;
this.connStr = "provider=microsoft.jet.oledb.4.0;data source=" + filePath + ";extended properties='Excel 8.0;HDR=yes;IMEX=2'";
this.RefreshTable();
}
}
}
}
