SpringCloud學習筆記(二) Rest微服務構建案例工程模塊

整體父工程Project

【microservicecloud】

新建父工程microservicecloud，切記是Packageing是pom模式
主要是定義POM文件，將後續各個子模塊公用的jar包等統一提出來，類似一個抽象父類

創建步驟

pom.xml文件

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<project xmlns="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
         xsi:schemaLocation="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0 https://maven.apache.org/xsd/maven-4.0.0.xsd">
    <modelVersion>4.0.0</modelVersion>

    <groupId>com.shinka.springcloud</groupId>
    <artifactId>microservicecloud</artifactId>
    <version>0.0.1-SNAPSHOT</version>
    <name>microservicecloud</name>
    <packaging>pom</packaging>

    <properties>
        <project.build.sourceEncoding>UTF-8</project.build.sourceEncoding>
        <maven.compiler.source>1.8</maven.compiler.source>
        <maven.compiler.target>1.8</maven.compiler.target>
        <junit.version>4.12</junit.version>
        <log4j.version>1.2.17</log4j.version>
        <lombok.version>1.16.18</lombok.version>
    </properties>

    <dependencyManagement>
        <dependencies>
            <dependency>
                <groupId>org.springframework.cloud</groupId>
                <artifactId>spring-cloud-dependencies</artifactId>
                <version>Dalston.SR2</version>
                <type>pom</type>
                <scope>import</scope>
            </dependency>
            <dependency>
                <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
                <artifactId>spring-boot-dependencies</artifactId>
                <version>1.5.9.RELEASE</version>
                <type>pom</type>
                <scope>import</scope>
            </dependency>
            <dependency>
                <groupId>mysql</groupId>
                <artifactId>mysql-connector-java</artifactId>
                <version>5.0.4</version>
            </dependency>
            <dependency>
                <groupId>com.alibaba</groupId>
                <artifactId>druid</artifactId>
                <version>1.0.31</version>
            </dependency>
            <dependency>
                <groupId>org.mybatis.spring.boot</groupId>
                <artifactId>mybatis-spring-boot-starter</artifactId>
                <version>1.3.0</version>
            </dependency>
            <dependency>
                <groupId>ch.qos.logback</groupId>
                <artifactId>logback-core</artifactId>
                <version>1.2.3</version>
            </dependency>
            <dependency>
                <groupId> junit</groupId>
                <artifactId>junit</artifactId>
                <version>${junit.version}</version>
                <scope>test</scope>
            </dependency>
            <dependency>
                <groupId>log4j</groupId>
                <artifactId>log4j</artifactId>
                <version>${log4j.version}</version>
            </dependency>
        </dependencies>
    </dependencyManagement>
</project>

公共子模塊Module

【microservicecloud-api】

pom.xml文件

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<project xmlns="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0"
         xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
         xsi:schemaLocation="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0 http://maven.apache.org/xsd/maven-4.0.0.xsd">
    <!--子類裏面顯式聲明纔能有明確的繼承表現，無意外就是父類的默認版本否則自己定義-->
    <parent>
        <artifactId>microservicecloud</artifactId>
        <groupId>com.shinka.springcloud</groupId>
        <version>1.0-SNAPSHOT</version>
    </parent>

    <!--當前Module叫什麼名字-->
    <artifactId>microservicecloud-api</artifactId>
    <packaging>jar</packaging>
    <modelVersion>4.0.0</modelVersion>

    <!--當前Module需要用到的jar包，按自己需求添加，如果父類已經包含了，可以不用寫版本號-->
    <dependencies>
        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.projectlombok</groupId>
            <artifactId>lombok</artifactId>
        </dependency>
    </dependencies>
</project>

創建完microservicecloud-api之後，microservicecloud的pom文件會多出如下內容：

<modules>
    <module>../microservicecloud-api</module>
</modules>

部門類

com.demo.springCloud.entities.Dept

package com.demo.springCloud.entities;

import lombok.AllArgsConstructor;
import lombok.Data;
import lombok.NoArgsConstructor;
import lombok.experimental.Accessors;

import java.io.Serializable;

@SuppressWarnings("serial")
//@AllArgsConstructor
@NoArgsConstructor
@Data
@Accessors(chain = true)    //鏈式風格訪問
public class Dept implements Serializable { //必須序列化

    private Long deptno; //主鍵
    private String dname; //部門名稱
    private String dbsource;// 來自哪個數據庫,因爲微服務架構可以一個服務對應一個數據庫，同一個信息被存儲到不同數據庫

    public Dept(String dname){
        super();
        this.dname = dname;
    }

//    public static void main(String[] args) {
//
//        Dept dept = new Dept();
//        //鏈式寫法
//        dept.setDeptno(11L).setDname("RD").setDbsource("DB01");
//    }

}

打包

對microservicecloud-api執行mvn clean install

部門微服務提供者Module

【microservicecloud-provider-dept-8001】

項目結構

pom.xml文件

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<project xmlns="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0"
         xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
         xsi:schemaLocation="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0 http://maven.apache.org/xsd/maven-4.0.0.xsd">
    <parent>
        <artifactId>microservicecloud</artifactId>
        <groupId>com.shinka.springcloud</groupId>
        <version>1.0-SNAPSHOT</version>
    </parent>

    <artifactId>microservicecloud-provider-dept-8001</artifactId>
    <modelVersion>4.0.0</modelVersion>

    <dependencies>
        <dependency><!--引入自己定義的api通用包，可以使用Dept部門Entity -->
            <groupId>com.shinka.springcloud</groupId>
            <artifactId>microservicecloud-api</artifactId>
            <version>${project.version}</version>
        </dependency>
        <dependency>
            <groupId>junit</groupId>
            <artifactId>junit</artifactId>
        </dependency>
        <dependency>
            <groupId>mysql</groupId>
            <artifactId>mysql-connector-java</artifactId>
        </dependency>
        <dependency>
            <groupId>com.alibaba</groupId>
            <artifactId>druid</artifactId>
        </dependency>
        <dependency>
            <groupId>ch.qos.logback</groupId>
            <artifactId>logback-core</artifactId>
        </dependency>
        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.mybatis.spring.boot</groupId>
            <artifactId>mybatis-spring-boot-starter</artifactId>
        </dependency>
        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
            <artifactId>spring-boot-starter</artifactId>
        </dependency>
        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
            <artifactId>spring-boot-starter-web</artifactId>
        </dependency>
        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
            <artifactId>spring-boot-starter-test</artifactId>
        </dependency>
        <!--修改後立即生效，熱部署-->
        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.springframework</groupId>
            <artifactId>springloaded</artifactId>
        </dependency>
        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
            <artifactId>spring-boot-devtools</artifactId>
        </dependency>


        <!--<dependency>-->
        <!--<groupId>log4j</groupId>-->
        <!--<artifactId>log4j</artifactId>-->
        <!--</dependency>-->
        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.apache.logging.log4j</groupId>
            <artifactId>log4j-core</artifactId>
            <version>2.11.1</version>
        </dependency>
        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.apache.logging.log4j</groupId>
            <artifactId>log4j-to-slf4j</artifactId>
            <version>2.8.2</version>
        </dependency>
    </dependencies>

</project>

SQL

DROP DATABASE IF EXISTS cloudDB01;
CREATE DATABASE cloudDB01 CHARACTER SET UTF8;
USE cloudDB01;

CREATE TABLE dept
(
	deptno BIGINT NOT NULL PRIMARY KEY AUTO_INCREMENT,
	dname VARCHAR(60),
	db_source VARCHAR(60)
);

INSERT INTO dept (dname, db_source) VALUES('開發部', DATABASE());
INSERT INTO dept (dname, db_source) VALUES('人事部', DATABASE());
INSERT INTO dept (dname, db_source) VALUES('財務部', DATABASE());
INSERT INTO dept (dname, db_source) VALUES('市場部', DATABASE());
INSERT INTO dept (dname, db_source) VALUES('運維部', DATABASE());

SELECT * FROM dept;

部門微服務消費者Module

【**microservicecloud-consumer-dept-80 **】

pom.xml文件

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<project xmlns="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0"
         xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
         xsi:schemaLocation="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0 http://maven.apache.org/xsd/maven-4.0.0.xsd">
    <parent>
        <artifactId>microservicecloud</artifactId>
        <groupId>com.shinka.springcloud</groupId>
        <version>1.0-SNAPSHOT</version>
    </parent>

    <artifactId>microservicecloud-consumer-dept-80</artifactId>
    <modelVersion>4.0.0</modelVersion>

    <dependencies>
        <dependency><!--引入自己定義的api通用包，可以使用Dept部門Entity -->
            <groupId>com.shinka.springcloud</groupId>
            <artifactId>microservicecloud-api</artifactId>
            <version>${project.version}</version>
        </dependency>
        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
            <artifactId>spring-boot-starter-web</artifactId>
        </dependency>
        <!--修改後立即生效，熱部署-->
        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.springframework</groupId>
            <artifactId>springloaded</artifactId>
        </dependency>
        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
            <artifactId>spring-boot-devtools</artifactId>
        </dependency>
    </dependencies>

</project>

application.yml

server:
  port: 80

配置類

com.demo.springCloud.cfgbean.ConfigBean

SpringBoot優化了Spring框架，Spring用的配置文件叫applicationContext.xml，這個文件中會配置bean的id和class路徑等，而Spring不用這個文件了，用的是@Configuration註解版的配置，目前可以將它理解爲：加了Configuration註解之後就等同於applicationContext.xml。

@Configuration
public class ConfigBean {

    @Bean
    public RestTemplate getRestTemplate(){
        return new RestTemplate();
    }
}

//@Bean
//public UserServcie getUserServcie()
//{
//  return new UserServcieImpl();
//}
// applicationContext.xml == ConfigBean(@Configuration)
//<bean id="userService" class="com.atguigu.tmall.UserServiceImpl">

Controller

com.demo.springCloud.controller.DeptController_Consumer

RestTemplate提供了多種便捷訪問遠程Http服務的方法，是一種簡單便捷的訪問restful服務模板類，是Spring提供的用於訪問Rest服務的客戶端模板工具集。就是把Rest調用又封裝了一層。

官方API文檔

@RestController
public class DeptController_Consumer {

    private static final String REST_URL_PREFIX = "http://localhost:8001";

//    Controller層通過RestTemplate來進行 Rest的調用 和 發出Rest請求、
    @Autowired
    private RestTemplate restTemplate;

//    使用restTemplate訪問restful接口非常的簡單粗暴無腦。
//    (url, requestMap, ResponseBean.class)這三個參數分別代表
//    REST請求地址、請求參數、HTTP響應轉換被轉換成的對象類型。

    @RequestMapping(value = "/consumer/dept/add")
    public boolean add(@RequestBody Dept dept){
        return restTemplate.postForObject(REST_URL_PREFIX+"/dept/add", dept, Boolean.class);
    }

    @RequestMapping(value = "/consumer/dept/get/{id}")
    public Dept get(@PathVariable("id") Long id){
        return restTemplate.getForObject(REST_URL_PREFIX+"/dept/get/"+id, Dept.class);
    }

    @RequestMapping(value = "/consumer/dept/get/list")
    public List<Dept> list(){
        return restTemplate.getForObject(REST_URL_PREFIX+"/dept/list", List.class);
    }
}