序列化和反序列化C# [Serializable]
什麼叫序列化?
我們都知道對象是暫時保存在內存中的,不能用U盤考走了,有時爲了使用介質轉移對象,並且把對象的狀態保持下來,就需要把對象保存下來,這個過程就叫做序列化,通俗點,就是比如,一首歌《童年》,你不能直接將聲音拿走,而是要保存在 “ 童年.mp3 ” 這樣的文件中,纔可以拿走。
什麼叫反序列化?
就是再把介質中的東西還原成對象,用播放器播放 “ 童年.mp3 ” 的過程。就是再把介質中的東西還原成對象,把石子還原成人的過程。通常網絡程序爲了傳輸安全才這麼做。
首先需要注意的是:
可序列化的只有公共類、公共屬性、公共方法。
C# 序列化和反序列化有3種方法:
一、BinaryFormatter序列化方式。
二、SoapFormatter序列化方式。
三、XML序列化方式。
第一步,我們縣創建一個實體類:
using System;
namespace WinFormTest
{
/// <summary>
/// 學生信息
/// </summary>
[Serializable]
public class Student
{
public Student()
{
}
public Student(string name,string no,int age,string sex)
{
this.Name = name;
this.No = no;
this.Age = age;
this.Sex = sex;
}
public string Name { get; set; }
public string No { get; set; }
public int Age { get; set; }
public string Sex { get; set; }
}
}
第二步:
BinaryFormatter第一種序列化和反序列化的方法:
using System;
using System.IO;
using System.Runtime.Serialization;
using System.Runtime.Serialization.Formatters.Binary;
using System.Windows.Forms;
namespace WinFormTest
{
public partial class Form1 :Form
{
public Form1()
{
InitializeComponent();
}
private void button1_Click(object sender, EventArgs e)
{
Student student=new Student("李敏贊","1",24,"man");
//創建一個格式化程序實例
IFormatter formatter=new BinaryFormatter();
string path = AppDomain.CurrentDomain.BaseDirectory + "/timestamps.txt";
//創建一個文件流
Stream stream=new FileStream(path,FileMode.OpenOrCreate,FileAccess.Write,FileShare.None);
formatter.Serialize(stream,student);
stream.Close();
}
private void button2_Click(object sender, EventArgs e)
{
string path = AppDomain.CurrentDomain.BaseDirectory + "/timestamps.txt";
Stream stream = new FileStream(path, FileMode.Open, FileAccess.Read, FileShare.Read);
IFormatter formatter = new BinaryFormatter();
Student student = (Student)formatter.Deserialize(stream);
stream.Close();
this.txtResult.Text = "姓名:" + student.Name+"\r\n"
+ "學號:" + student.No + "\r\n"
+ "年齡:" + student.Age + "\r\n"
+ "性別:" + student.Sex;
}
}
}
第二種方法和第一種方法類同,只是使用的名稱控件有所不同:
SoapFormatter序列化方式與BinaryFormatter序列化方式類似,只需要把
IFormatter formatter = new BinaryFormatter()
改成
IFormatter formatter = new SoapFormatter(),
並且引用程序集System.Runtime.Serialization.Formatters.Soap.dll(.net自帶的)
using System;
using System.IO;
using System.Runtime.Serialization;
using System.Runtime.Serialization.Formatters.Soap;
第三種方法:
使用的名稱空間有所改變:
using System.Runtime.Serialization;
using System.Xml.Serialization;
using System;
using System.IO;
using System.Runtime.Serialization;
using System.Runtime.Serialization.Formatters.Binary;
using System.Windows.Forms;
using System.Xml.Serialization;
namespace WinFormTest
{
public partial class Form1 :Form
{
public Form1()
{
InitializeComponent();
}
private void button1_Click(object sender, EventArgs e)
{
//Student student=new Student("李敏贊","1",24,"man");
////創建一個格式化程序實例
//IFormatter formatter=new BinaryFormatter();
//string path = AppDomain.CurrentDomain.BaseDirectory + "/timestamps.txt";
////創建一個文件流
//Stream stream=new FileStream(path,FileMode.OpenOrCreate,FileAccess.Write,FileShare.None);
//formatter.Serialize(stream,student);
//stream.Close();
//XML序列化
this.XmlSerializer();
}
private void button2_Click(object sender, EventArgs e)
{
//string path = AppDomain.CurrentDomain.BaseDirectory + "/timestamps.txt";
//Stream stream = new FileStream(path, FileMode.Open, FileAccess.Read, FileShare.Read);
//IFormatter formatter = new BinaryFormatter();
//Student student = (Student)formatter.Deserialize(stream);
//stream.Close();
//this.txtResult.Text = "姓名:" + student.Name+"\r\n"
// + "學號:" + student.No + "\r\n"
// + "年齡:" + student.Age + "\r\n"
// + "性別:" + student.Sex;
//XML反序列化
this.XmlDesSerializer();
}
private void XmlSerializer()
{
//創建一個格式化程序的實例
XmlSerializer formatter = new XmlSerializer(typeof(Student));
string path = AppDomain.CurrentDomain.BaseDirectory + "/Student.xml";
Student me = new Student()
{
No = "200719",
Name = "yuananyun",
Sex="man",
Age=22
};
//創建一個文件流
Stream stream = new FileStream(path, FileMode.OpenOrCreate, FileAccess.Write, FileShare.None);
formatter.Serialize(stream,me);
stream.Close();
}
private void XmlDesSerializer()
{
string path = AppDomain.CurrentDomain.BaseDirectory + "/Student.xml";
Stream stream = new FileStream(path, FileMode.Open, FileAccess.Read, FileShare.Read);
XmlSerializer formatter = new XmlSerializer(typeof(Student));
Student student = (Student)formatter.Deserialize(stream);
stream.Close();
this.txtResult.Text = "姓名:" + student.Name + "\r\n"
+ "學號:" + student.No + "\r\n"
+ "年齡:" + student.Age + "\r\n"
+ "性別:" + student.Sex;
}
}
}