BDC（batch data communication）是SAP常用的一種數據傳輸方法。用於一些數據量大，但是對速度又要求不高的數據傳輸。
- Call Transaction: 顧名思義，就是直接調用BDC進行數據批量導入。優點：方便快捷，程序處理方便。缺點：日誌管理能力差，需自己建透明表來維護數據。我只是把它用作測試用途，不做正式使用。
- BDC Insert：這是一種不直接運行，而是將BDC程序生成session，間接運行的一種方法。優點：通過T-code SM35可以進行運行管理及日誌管理，方便查錯。缺點：相對方法1來說實現起來比較繁瑣。我主要是用這種方法來實現BDC功能。
下面主要來談一下BDC Insert這種方法。
- 需要在程序中調用 function 'BDC_INSERT'來把BDCDATA生成SESSION.
- 程序RSBDCSUB是執行SESSION的專用程序，要建立相應的VARIANT，後續建立JOB中使用
- 建立BATCH JOB來定期執行RSBDCSUB，從而實現，SESSION自動執行的目的
- 當然，不使用程序RSBDCSUB和JOB，每次手工在SM35中執行SESSION也是可以的
下面是我寫的一個實例：
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*----------------------------------------------------------------------*
* Program Name: Z_KEVIN_ADV_BDC
* Project : N/A
* Author : Kevin.Zhang
* Date : 2007.1.1
* Module : N/A
* Description : Advanced BDC
*
*
*
* Special features: N/A
*
*
*----------------------------------------------------------------------*
* Modifications:
* Author Date Commented as Description
*----------- -------- ----------- ----------------------------------*
*
*----------------------------------------------------------------------*
REPORT Z_KEVIN_ADV_BDC.
*$*$----------------------------------------------------------------$*$*
*$*$ Global Types, Data Statements, Ranges, Constants $*$*
*$*$----------------------------------------------------------------$*$*
*-----------------------------------------------------------------------
* Tables
*-----------------------------------------------------------------------
TABLES : COAS, CEPC.
*-----------------------------------------------------------------------
* Internal Tables and Work Areas
*-----------------------------------------------------------------------
DATA : BEGIN OF GT_TABLE OCCURS 0 , "internal order table
AUART LIKE AUFK-AUART, "order type
AUFNR LIKE AUFK-AUFNR, "order number
KTEXT LIKE AUFK-KTEXT, "description
BUKRS LIKE AUFK-BUKRS, "company code
GSBER LIKE AUFK-GSBER, "business area
PRCTR LIKE AUFK-PRCTR, "profit center
FUNCA LIKE AUFK-FUNC_AREA, "function area
END OF GT_TABLE.
DATA : BEGIN OF GT_EXISTS OCCURS 0 . "existed IO
INCLUDE STRUCTURE GT_TABLE.
DATA : END OF GT_EXISTS.
DATA : BEGIN OF GT_PRFT_CNTR OCCURS 0 ."the profit center not existing IO
INCLUDE STRUCTURE GT_TABLE.
DATA : END OF GT_PRFT_CNTR.
DATA : BEGIN OF GT_SUBMIT OCCURS 0 . "the submitted IO
INCLUDE STRUCTURE GT_TABLE.
DATA : END OF GT_SUBMIT.
DATA : BEGIN OF GT_BDCDATA OCCURS 0 . "BDC DATA
INCLUDE STRUCTURE BDCDATA.
DATA : END OF GT_BDCDATA.
DATA : BEGIN OF GT_MESSTAB OCCURS 10 . "message table
INCLUDE STRUCTURE BDCMSGCOLL.
DATA : END OF GT_MESSTAB.
DATA : GT_IMESG LIKE MESG OCCURS 0 WITH HEADER LINE .
*-----------------------------------------------------------------------
* Variables
*-----------------------------------------------------------------------
DATA : GV_GROUP(12 ) TYPE C VALUE 'INTERNAL_ORD' , "BDC Name
GV_USER(12 ) TYPE C , "BDC User
GV_KEEP(1 ) TYPE C VALUE 'X' , " ' '=Delete,'X'=keep after processing
GV_HOLDDATE LIKE SY-DATUM. "Date
DATA : GV_FLAG(1 ) TYPE C ,
GV_LIN TYPE I . "number of orders
DATA : GV_C170(170 ),
GV_C_ULINE(50 ) VALUE '__________________________________________________' .
*$*$----------------------------------------------------------------$*$*
*$*$ Selection Screen $*$*
*$*$----------------------------------------------------------------$*$*
*-----------------------------------------------------------------------
* Selection Screen
*-----------------------------------------------------------------------
PARAMETERS : BDCTYPE(1 ) TYPE C DEFAULT 'B' NO -DISPLAY,
BDCMODE LIKE BDCRUN-BDC_AMODUS DEFAULT 'A' NO -DISPLAY.
SELECTION-SCREEN COMMENT 10 (70 ) TEXT -001 .
PARAMETERS : IN_FILE(128 ) DEFAULT 'C:/TEMP/*.txt' .
SELECTION-SCREEN SKIP 1 .
*-----------------------------------------------------------------------
* At Selection Screen
*-----------------------------------------------------------------------
*--------- AT SELECTION-SCREEN ON VALUE-REQUEST ----------
AT SELECTION-SCREEN ON VALUE -REQUEST FOR IN_FILE.
CALL FUNCTION 'WS_FILENAME_GET'
EXPORTING
DEF_FILENAME = '*.txt'
DEF_PATH = 'C:/DATA'
MASK = ',All Files,*.*,Text Files,*.txt;*.doc.'
MODE = 'O'
TITLE = 'Please choose file to use '
IMPORTING
FILENAME = IN_FILE
EXCEPTIONS
INV_WINSYS = 1
NO_BATCH = 2
SELECTION_CANCEL = 3
SELECTION_ERROR = 4
OTHERS = 5 .
*$*$----------------------------------------------------------------$*$*
*$*$ Main Program $*$*
*$*$----------------------------------------------------------------$*$*
*--------- START-OF-SELECTION ----------
START-OF -SELECTION.
REFRESH GT_TABLE.
* Uploading the data which will be inserted into the internal table
CALL FUNCTION 'WS_UPLOAD'
EXPORTING
FILENAME = IN_FILE
FILETYPE = 'DAT'
TABLES
DATA_TAB = GT_TABLE
EXCEPTIONS
CONVERSION_ERROR = 1
FILE_OPEN_ERROR = 2
FILE_READ_ERROR = 3
INVALID_TABLE_WIDTH = 4
INVALID_TYPE = 5
NO_BATCH = 6
UNKNOWN_ERROR = 7
OTHERS = 8 .
IF SY-SUBRC <> 0 .
PERFORM COLLECT_MESSAGES USING 'Z3' 'I' '000'
'Unable to upload input file '
IN_FILE '' '' .
ENDIF .
SORT GT_TABLE BY AUFNR GSBER DESCENDING .
DELETE ADJACENT DUPLICATES FROM GT_TABLE COMPARING AUFNR.
PERFORM OPEN_GROUP.
PERFORM FILL_BDC_DATA.
PERFORM BDC_CLOSE_GROUP.
PERFORM WRITE_REPORT.
*--------- END-OF-SELECTION ----------
*$*$----------------------------------------------------------------$*$*
*$*$ Subroutines $*$*
*$*$----------------------------------------------------------------$*$*
*&---------------------------------------------------------------------*
*& Form OPEN_GROUP
*&---------------------------------------------------------------------*
* text
*----------------------------------------------------------------------*
* --> p1 text
* <-- p2 text
*----------------------------------------------------------------------*
FORM OPEN_GROUP.
GV_USER = SY-UNAME.
CALL FUNCTION 'BDC_OPEN_GROUP'
EXPORTING
CLIENT = SY-MANDT
GROUP = GV_GROUP
HOLDDATE = GV_HOLDDATE
KEEP = GV_KEEP
USER = GV_USER.
IF SY-SUBRC <> 0 .
* MESSAGE ID SY-MSGID TYPE SY-MSGTY NUMBER SY-MSGNO
* WITH SY-MSGV1 SY-MSGV2 SY-MSGV3 SY-MSGV4.
ENDIF .
ENDFORM . " OPEN_GROUP
*&---------------------------------------------------------------------*
*& Form FILL_BDC_DATA
*&---------------------------------------------------------------------*
* text
*----------------------------------------------------------------------*
* --> p1 text
* <-- p2 text
*----------------------------------------------------------------------*
FORM FILL_BDC_DATA.
CLEAR GT_TABLE.
LOOP AT GT_TABLE.
CLEAR GT_MESSTAB.
CLEAR GT_BDCDATA.
REFRESH GT_BDCDATA.
REFRESH GT_MESSTAB.
CLEAR GV_FLAG.
* Check if Profit Center exists.
SELECT SINGLE * FROM CEPC
WHERE PRCTR = GT_TABLE-PRCTR.
IF SY-SUBRC <> 0 .
CLEAR GT_PRFT_CNTR.
MOVE -CORRESPONDING GT_TABLE TO GT_PRFT_CNTR.
APPEND GT_PRFT_CNTR.
GV_FLAG = 'X' .
ENDIF .
* check if Internal Order has already been created.
SELECT SINGLE * FROM COAS
WHERE AUFNR = GT_TABLE-AUFNR.
IF SY-SUBRC = 0 .
CLEAR GT_EXISTS.
MOVE -CORRESPONDING GT_TABLE TO GT_EXISTS.
APPEND GT_EXISTS.
GV_FLAG = 'X' .
ENDIF .
IF GV_FLAG <> 'X' .
PERFORM BDCDATA USING : 'X' 'SAPMKAUF' '0100' , "order type
' ' 'COAS-AUART' GT_TABLE-AUART,
' ' 'BDC_OKCODE' '=KOKR' .
PERFORM BDCDATA USING : 'X' 'SAPLSPO4' '0300' , "control area
' ' 'SVALD-VALUE(01)' '1000' ,
' ' 'BDC_OKCODE' '=FURT' .
PERFORM BDCDATA USING : 'X' 'SAPMKAUF' '0100' , "ok code
' ' 'BDC_OKCODE' '/00' .
PERFORM BDCDATA USING : 'X' 'SAPMKAUF' '0600' , "order master data
' ' 'COAS-AUFNR' GT_TABLE-AUFNR,
' ' 'COAS-KTEXT' GT_TABLE-KTEXT,
' ' 'COAS-BUKRS' GT_TABLE-BUKRS,
' ' 'COAS-GSBER' GT_TABLE-GSBER,
' ' 'COAS-PRCTR' GT_TABLE-PRCTR,
' ' 'COAS-FUNC_AREA' GT_TABLE-FUNCA,
' ' 'BDC_OKCODE' '=SICH' .
* PERFORM CALL_TRANSACTION. "for test purpose
PERFORM BDC_INSERT.
MOVE -CORRESPONDING GT_TABLE TO GT_SUBMIT.
APPEND GT_SUBMIT.
ENDIF .
ENDLOOP .
ENDFORM . " FILL_BDC_DATA
*&---------------------------------------------------------------------*
*& Form BDC_INSERT
*&---------------------------------------------------------------------*
* text
*----------------------------------------------------------------------*
* --> p1 text
* <-- p2 text
*----------------------------------------------------------------------*
FORM BDC_INSERT.
CALL FUNCTION 'BDC_INSERT'
EXPORTING
TCODE = 'KO01'
TABLES
DYNPROTAB = GT_BDCDATA.
IF SY-SUBRC <> 0 .
* MESSAGE ID SY-MSGID TYPE SY-MSGTY NUMBER SY-MSGNO
* WITH SY-MSGV1 SY-MSGV2 SY-MSGV3 SY-MSGV4.
ENDIF .
ENDFORM . " BDC_INSERT
*&---------------------------------------------------------------------*
*& Form BDC_CLOSE_GROUP
*&---------------------------------------------------------------------*
* text
*----------------------------------------------------------------------*
* --> p1 text
* <-- p2 text
*----------------------------------------------------------------------*
FORM BDC_CLOSE_GROUP.
CALL FUNCTION 'BDC_CLOSE_GROUP' .
IF SY-SUBRC <> 0 .
* MESSAGE ID SY-MSGID TYPE SY-MSGTY NUMBER SY-MSGNO
* WITH SY-MSGV1 SY-MSGV2 SY-MSGV3 SY-MSGV4.
ENDIF .
ENDFORM . " BDC_CLOSE_GROUP
*&---------------------------------------------------------------------*
*& Form CALL_TRANSACTION
*&---------------------------------------------------------------------*
* text
*----------------------------------------------------------------------*
* --> p1 text
* <-- p2 text
*----------------------------------------------------------------------*
FORM CALL_TRANSACTION.
CALL TRANSACTION 'KO01' USING GT_BDCDATA
MODE BDCMODE
MESSAGES INTO GT_MESSTAB.
* IF SYST-SUBRC <> 0.
* CALL FUNCTION 'WRITE_MESSAGE'
* EXPORTING
* MSGID = SY-MSGID
* MSGNO = SY-MSGNO
* MSGTY = SY-MSGTY
* MSGV1 = SY-MSGV1
* MSGV2 = SY-MSGV2
* MSGV3 = SY-MSGV3
* MSGV4 = SY-MSGV4
* MSGV5 = ' '
* IMPORTING
* ERROR = ERROR
* MESSG = MESSG
* MSGLN = MSGLN.
ENDFORM . " CALL_TRANSACTION
*&---------------------------------------------------------------------*
*& Form BDCDATA
*&---------------------------------------------------------------------*
* text
*----------------------------------------------------------------------*
* -->P_0310 text
* -->P_0311 text
*----------------------------------------------------------------------*
FORM BDCDATA USING P_BEGIN P_FIELD1 P_FIELD2.
CLEAR GT_BDCDATA.
CASE P_BEGIN.
WHEN 'X' .
GT_BDCDATA-PROGRAM = P_FIELD1.
GT_BDCDATA-DYNPRO = P_FIELD2.
GT_BDCDATA-DYNBEGIN = 'X' .
WHEN SPACE.
GT_BDCDATA-FNAM = P_FIELD1.
GT_BDCDATA-FVAL = P_FIELD2.
ENDCASE .
APPEND GT_BDCDATA.
ENDFORM . " BDCDATA
*&---------------------------------------------------------------------*
*& Form WRITE_REPORT
*&---------------------------------------------------------------------*
* text
*----------------------------------------------------------------------*
* --> p1 text
* <-- p2 text
*----------------------------------------------------------------------*
FORM WRITE_REPORT.
DESCRIBE TABLE GT_EXISTS LINES GV_LIN.
IF GV_LIN >= 1 .
PERFORM COLLECT_MESSAGES USING 'Z3' 'I' '000'
'The following Internal Orders already exist.' '' '' '' .
PERFORM COLLECT_MESSAGES USING 'Z3' 'I' '000'
GV_C_ULINE '' '' '' .
LOOP AT GT_EXISTS.
PERFORM COLLECT_MESSAGES USING 'Z3' 'I' '000'
GT_EXISTS-AUFNR '' '' '' .
ENDLOOP .
PERFORM COLLECT_MESSAGES USING 'Z3' 'I' '000'
GV_C_ULINE '' '' '' .
ENDIF .
DESCRIBE TABLE GT_PRFT_CNTR LINES GV_LIN.
IF GV_LIN >= 1 .
PERFORM COLLECT_MESSAGES USING 'Z3' 'I' '000'
'The following Profit centers do not exist.' '' '' '' .
PERFORM COLLECT_MESSAGES USING 'Z3' 'I' '000'
GV_C_ULINE '' '' '' .
PERFORM COLLECT_MESSAGES USING 'Z3' 'I' '000'
'Internal Order Profit Center.' '' '' '' .
LOOP AT GT_PRFT_CNTR.
PERFORM COLLECT_MESSAGES USING 'Z3' 'I' '000'
GT_PRFT_CNTR-AUFNR
GT_PRFT_CNTR-PRCTR '' '' .
ENDLOOP .
PERFORM COLLECT_MESSAGES USING 'Z3' 'I' '000'
GV_C_ULINE '' '' '' .
ENDIF .
DESCRIBE TABLE GT_SUBMIT LINES GV_LIN.
IF GV_LIN >= 1 .
PERFORM COLLECT_MESSAGES USING 'Z3' 'I' '000'
'BDC was created for the following Internal Orders.'
'' '' '' .
PERFORM COLLECT_MESSAGES USING 'Z3' 'I' '000'
GV_C_ULINE '' '' '' .
LOOP AT GT_SUBMIT.
PERFORM COLLECT_MESSAGES USING 'Z3' 'I' '000'
GT_SUBMIT-AUFNR '' '' '' .
ENDLOOP .
PERFORM COLLECT_MESSAGES USING 'Z3' 'I' '000'
GV_C_ULINE '' '' '' .
ENDIF .
PERFORM COLLECT_MESSAGES USING 'Z3' 'I' '000'
'The following Internal Orders have no Business Area.'
'' '' '' .
PERFORM COLLECT_MESSAGES USING 'Z3' 'I' '000'
GV_C_ULINE '' '' '' .
DELETE GT_TABLE WHERE NOT GSBER = ' ' .
LOOP AT GT_TABLE.
PERFORM COLLECT_MESSAGES USING 'Z3' 'I' '000'
GT_TABLE-AUFNR '' '' '' .
ENDLOOP .
PERFORM COLLECT_MESSAGES USING 'Z3' 'I' '000'
GV_C_ULINE '' '' '' .
ENDFORM . " WRITE_REPORT
*&---------------------------------------------------------------------*
*& Form COLLECT_MESSAGES
*&---------------------------------------------------------------------*
* Collects messgaes into rep tree table and writes them to
* screen for regular reporting
*----------------------------------------------------------------------*
* -->P_MSGID message id
* -->P_MSGTY messgae type
* -->P_MSGNR msg number
* -->P_MSG1 text 1
* -->P_MSG2 text 2
* -->P_MSG3 text 3
* -->P_MSG4 text 4
*----------------------------------------------------------------------*
FORM COLLECT_MESSAGES USING P_MSGID
P_MSGTY
P_MSGNR
P_MSGV1
P_MSGV2
P_MSGV3
P_MSGV4.
CLEAR GT_IMESG.
GT_IMESG-ARBGB = P_MSGID.
GT_IMESG-MSGTY = P_MSGTY.
GT_IMESG-TXTNR = P_MSGNR.
GT_IMESG-MSGV1+0 (2 ) = '@ ' .
GT_IMESG-MSGV1+2 (48 ) = P_MSGV1.
GT_IMESG-MSGV2 = P_MSGV2.
GT_IMESG-MSGV3 = P_MSGV3.
GT_IMESG-MSGV4 = P_MSGV4.
APPEND GT_IMESG.
CONCATENATE P_MSGV1 P_MSGV2 P_MSGV3 P_MSGV4
INTO GV_C170 SEPARATED BY SPACE.
WRITE :/ GV_C170.
ENDFORM . " collect_messages
