Android入門(2) 基本控件介紹、4種佈局

一、基本控件介紹

一般新建組件有兩種方式：XML中定義和Java代碼實現，一般XML中定義較爲常用。

 

1.Button

按鈕，在main.xml中定義如下：

 

<span style="font-family:'Microsoft YaHei';"><Button
<span style="WHITE-SPACE: pre"> </span>android:layout_width="wrap_content"  <!--按鈕寬度匹配文本的大小 -->
    android:layout_height="wrap_content"  <!--按鈕高度匹配文本大小 -->
    android:text="文本"   <!--按鈕的文本 -->
    android:id="@+id/button1"  <!--按鈕的id -->
></Button></span>

Button的監聽器：onClickListener;

需要實現方法：public void onClick(View v); v表示觸發的控件，比如按鈕

代碼示例：實現點擊按鈕生成隨機數；

ButtonActivity.java

<span style="font-family:'Microsoft YaHei';">package org.xiazdong;
import java.util.Random;
import android.app.Activity;
import android.app.AlertDialog;
import android.app.AlertDialog.Builder;
import android.os.Bundle;
import android.view.View;
import android.view.View.OnClickListener;
import android.widget.Button;
import android.widget.TextView;
import android.widget.Toast;
public class ButtonActivity extends Activity implements OnClickListener{    //實現點擊監聽器
    private Button button;
    private TextView tv;
    @Override
    public void onCreate(Bundle savedInstanceState) {
        super.onCreate(savedInstanceState);
        setContentView(R.layout.main);
        button = (Button)findViewById(R.id.button1);        //根據ID找組件
        tv = (TextView)findViewById(R.id.tv);
        button.setOnClickListener(this);        //爲button設置監聽器
    }
    @Override
    public void onClick(View view) {
        String str = new Random().nextInt()+"";
        tv.setText(str);
        Toast.makeText(this, "點擊了按鈕!!", Toast.LENGTH_SHORT).show(); //設置提示信息
         Builder builder = new AlertDialog.Builder(this);           //創建對話框
         builder.setTitle("提示信息").setMessage("點擊了按鈕,隨機數爲:"+str).show(); //設置對話框屬性並顯示
    }
}</span>

main.xml

<span style="font-family:'Microsoft YaHei';"><?xml version="1.0" encoding="utf-8"?>
<LinearLayout xmlns:android="http://schemas.android.com/apk/res/android"
    android:layout_width="fill_parent"
    android:layout_height="fill_parent"
    android:orientation="vertical" >

    <TextView
        android:layout_width="fill_parent"
        android:layout_height="wrap_content"
        android:text=""
        android:id="@+id/tv"
        />
    <Button
        android:layout_width="wrap_content"
        android:layout_height="wrap_content"
        android:text="點擊生成隨機數"
        android:id="@+id/button1"
        ></Button>
</LinearLayout></span>

2.ImageButton

和Button的區別爲背景可以自定義圖片，在main.xml中定義如下：

 

<span style="font-family:'Microsoft YaHei';"><ImageButton
    android:layout_width="wrap_content"
    android:layout_height="wrap_content"
    android:id="@+id/ib1"
    android:background="@drawable/ic_launcher"/>  <!--設置按鈕的背景爲drawable文件夾下的ic_launcher圖片 --></span>

代碼示例：實現點擊圖片按鈕就切換圖片；

main.xml

<span style="font-family:'Microsoft YaHei';"><?xml version="1.0" encoding="utf-8"?>
<LinearLayout xmlns:android="http://schemas.android.com/apk/res/android"
    android:layout_width="fill_parent"
    android:layout_height="fill_parent"
    android:orientation="vertical" >

    <TextView
        android:layout_width="fill_parent"
        android:layout_height="wrap_content"
        android:text="@string/hello" />
    <ImageButton
        android:layout_width="wrap_content"
        android:layout_height="wrap_content"
        android:id="@+id/ib1"
        android:background="@drawable/ic_launcher"/>
</LinearLayout></span>

ImageButtonActivity.java

<span style="font-family:'Microsoft YaHei';">package org.xiazdong;

import android.app.Activity;
import android.os.Bundle;
import android.view.MotionEvent;
import android.view.View;
import android.view.View.OnTouchListener;
import android.widget.ImageButton;

public class ImageButtonActivity extends Activity {
    private ImageButton ib1;
    @Override
    public void onCreate(Bundle savedInstanceState) {
        super.onCreate(savedInstanceState);
        setContentView(R.layout.main);
        ib1 = (ImageButton) findViewById(R.id.ib1);
        ib1.setOnTouchListener(new OnTouchListener(){

            @Override
            public boolean onTouch(View v, MotionEvent event) {
                if(event.getAction()==MotionEvent.ACTION_DOWN){  //按下按鈕時
                    ib1.setBackgroundResource(R.drawable.logo);
                }
                else if(event.getAction()==MotionEvent.ACTION_UP){  //擡起按鈕時
                    ib1.setBackgroundResource(R.drawable.ic_launcher);
                }
                return false;
            }

        });
    }
}</span>

3.EditText

文本框，在main.xml中定義如下：

<span style="font-family:'Microsoft YaHei';"><EditText
     android:id="@+id/name"
     android:layout_width="fill_parent"
     android:layout_height="wrap_content"
     android:hint="輸入用戶名..."
     android:inputType=""
/></span>

可以在<EditText>中設置以下屬性：
(1)android:inputType="number"：輸入類型爲數字；

(2)android:maxLength="2"：輸入最長爲2；

(3)android:singleLine="true"：只能單行顯示；

(4)android:password="true" ：輸入的形式爲密碼

(5)android:numeric="integer"：輸入整數

代碼示例：實現用戶登錄；

<p><span style="font-family:'Microsoft YaHei';"><strong>main.xml</strong>
</span></p><pre class="html" name="code"><span style="font-family:'Microsoft YaHei';"><?xml version="1.0" encoding="utf-8"?>
<LinearLayout xmlns:android="http://schemas.android.com/apk/res/android"
    android:layout_width="fill_parent"
    android:layout_height="fill_parent"
    android:orientation="vertical" >

    <LinearLayout
        xmlns:android="http://schemas.android.com/apk/res/android"
        android:layout_width="fill_parent"
        android:layout_height="wrap_content"
        android:orientation="horizontal" >

        <TextView
            android:layout_width="wrap_content"
            android:layout_height="wrap_content"
            android:text="用戶名：" />

        <EditText
            android:id="@+id/name"
            android:layout_width="fill_parent"
            android:layout_height="wrap_content"
            android:hint="輸入用戶名..."
            android:inputType=""
            />
    </LinearLayout>

    <LinearLayout
        xmlns:android="http://schemas.android.com/apk/res/android"
        android:layout_width="fill_parent"
        android:layout_height="wrap_content"
        android:orientation="horizontal" >
 <TextView
            android:layout_width="wrap_content"
            android:layout_height="wrap_content"
            android:text="密碼：" />
        <EditText
            android:id="@+id/password"
            android:layout_width="fill_parent"
            android:layout_height="wrap_content"
            android:hint="輸入密碼..."
            android:password="true" />
</LinearLayout>
        <Button
            android:id="@+id/button"
            android:layout_width="fill_parent"
            android:layout_height="wrap_content"
            android:text="提交" >
        </Button>
    </LinearLayout>
</span></pre>
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<span style="font-family:'Microsoft YaHei'"></span><pre class="html" name="code"><p><strong><span style="font-family:'Microsoft YaHei';">EditTextActivity.java</span></strong></p><p></p><pre class="java" name="code"><span style="font-family:'Microsoft YaHei';">package org.xiazdong;

import android.app.Activity;
import android.app.AlertDialog;
import android.app.AlertDialog.Builder;
import android.content.DialogInterface;
import android.os.Bundle;
import android.view.View;
import android.view.View.OnClickListener;
import android.widget.Button;
import android.widget.EditText;

public class EditTextActivity extends Activity {
    private EditText name;
    private EditText password;
    private Button button;

    @Override
    public void onCreate(Bundle savedInstanceState) {
        super.onCreate(savedInstanceState);
        setContentView(R.layout.main);
        name = (EditText) findViewById(R.id.name);
        button = (Button) findViewById(R.id.button);
        password = (EditText) findViewById(R.id.password);
        button.setOnClickListener(new OnClickListener() {
            @Override
            public void onClick(View v) {
                String n = name.getText().toString();
                String p = password.getText().toString();
                Builder builder = new AlertDialog.Builder(EditTextActivity.this); // 創建對話框
                builder.setTitle("提示信息").setMessage("用戶名：" + n + "\n密碼：" + p)
                        .setPositiveButton("知道了", new DialogInterface.OnClickListener() {
                            @Override
                            public void onClick(DialogInterface dialog, int which) {
                                password.setText("");   //清空密碼
                            }
                        }).show();                      // 設置對話框屬性並顯示
            }
        });
    }
}</span></pre><pre class="java" name="code"><span style="font-family:微軟雅黑;"></span> </pre>
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4.CheckBox

多選框，在main.xml中定義如下：

<span style="font-family:'Microsoft YaHei';"> <CheckBox
        android:id="@+id/shanghai"
        android:layout_width="wrap_content"
        android:layout_height="wrap_content"
        android:text="" /></span>

onCheckedChangeListener監聽器是專門對CheckBox進行監聽，實現方法：public void onCheckedChanged(CompundButton buttonView,boolean isChecked);

代碼示例：實現上海、北京、天津的複選框

<p><strong><span style="font-family:'Microsoft YaHei';">main.xml</span></strong></p><p></p><pre class="html" name="code"><span style="font-family:'Microsoft YaHei';"><?xml version="1.0" encoding="utf-8"?>
<LinearLayout xmlns:android="http://schemas.android.com/apk/res/android"
    android:layout_width="fill_parent"
    android:layout_height="fill_parent"
    android:orientation="vertical" >

    <TextView
        android:layout_width="fill_parent"
        android:layout_height="wrap_content"
        android:text="城市：" />

    <CheckBox
        android:id="@+id/shanghai"
        android:layout_width="wrap_content"
        android:layout_height="wrap_content"
        android:text="上海" />

    <CheckBox
        android:id="@+id/beijing"
        android:layout_width="wrap_content"
        android:layout_height="wrap_content"
        android:text="北京" />

    <CheckBox
        android:id="@+id/tianjing"
        android:layout_width="wrap_content"
        android:layout_height="wrap_content"
        android:text="天津" />

</LinearLayout></span></pre>
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<p><strong><span style="font-family:'Microsoft YaHei';">CheckBoxActivity.java</span></strong></p><p></p><pre class="java" name="code"><span style="font-family:'Microsoft YaHei';">package org.xiazdong;

import android.app.Activity;
import android.os.Bundle;
import android.widget.CheckBox;
import android.widget.CompoundButton;
import android.widget.CompoundButton.OnCheckedChangeListener;
import android.widget.Toast;

public class CheckBoxActivity extends Activity implements
        OnCheckedChangeListener {
    private CheckBox cb1, cb2, cb3;

    @Override
    public void onCreate(Bundle savedInstanceState) {
        super.onCreate(savedInstanceState);
        setContentView(R.layout.main);
        cb1 = (CheckBox) findViewById(R.id.shanghai);
        cb2 = (CheckBox) findViewById(R.id.beijing);
        cb3 = (CheckBox) findViewById(R.id.tianjing);
        cb1.setOnCheckedChangeListener(this);
        cb2.setOnCheckedChangeListener(this);
        cb3.setOnCheckedChangeListener(this);
    }

    @Override
        public void onCheckedChanged(CompoundButton buttonView,   //buttonView表示改變的框，isChecked表示是選中還是取消選中
                boolean isChecked) {
            if(buttonView==cb1||buttonView==cb2||buttonView==cb3){
                if(isChecked){
                    Toast.makeText(this, buttonView.getText()+"被選中",Toast.LENGTH_SHORT).show();
                }
                else{
                    Toast.makeText(this, buttonView.getText()+"取消選中",Toast.LENGTH_SHORT).show();
                }
            }


    }
}</span></pre>
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5.RadioButton

單選框，在main.xml中定義如下：

<span style="font-family:'Microsoft YaHei';"><RadioGroup>
    <RadioButton
            android:id="@+id/rb1"
            android:layout_width="fill_parent"
            android:layout_height="wrap_content"
            android:text="RadioButton1" >
    </RadioButton>
    <RadioButton>
    </RadioButton>
    ......
</RadioGroup></span>

在單選框中也存在一個OnCheckedChangeListener,但是不同於多選框的監聽器，雖然名字一樣，但是所在包不一樣。

代碼示例：實現“男、女”單選框；

<p><strong><span style="font-family:'Microsoft YaHei';">
main.xml</span></strong></p><p></p><pre class="html" name="code"><span style="font-family:'Microsoft YaHei';"><?xml version="1.0" encoding="utf-8"?>
<LinearLayout xmlns:android="http://schemas.android.com/apk/res/android"
    android:layout_width="fill_parent"
    android:layout_height="fill_parent"
    android:orientation="vertical" >

    <RadioGroup
        android:id="@+id/rg1"
        android:layout_width="fill_parent"
        android:layout_height="wrap_content" >

        <RadioButton
            android:id="@+id/rb1"
            android:layout_width="fill_parent"
            android:layout_height="wrap_content"
            android:text="男" >
        </RadioButton>

        <RadioButton
            android:id="@+id/rb2"
            android:layout_width="fill_parent"
            android:layout_height="wrap_content"
            android:text="女" >
        </RadioButton>
    </RadioGroup>

</LinearLayout></span></pre>
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<span style="font-family:'Microsoft YaHei'"></span>
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<p><strong><span style="font-family:'Microsoft YaHei';">RadioButtonActivity.java

</span></strong></p><p></p><pre class="java" name="code"><span style="font-family:'Microsoft YaHei';">package org.xiazdong;

import android.app.Activity;
import android.os.Bundle;
import android.widget.RadioButton;
import android.widget.RadioGroup;
import android.widget.Toast;
import android.widget.RadioGroup.OnCheckedChangeListener;

public class RadioButtonActivity extends Activity implements OnCheckedChangeListener{
    /** Called when the activity is first created. */
    private RadioButton rb1,rb2;
    private RadioGroup rg;
    @Override
    public void onCreate(Bundle savedInstanceState) {
        super.onCreate(savedInstanceState);
        setContentView(R.layout.main);
        rb1 = (RadioButton)findViewById(R.id.rb1);
        rb2 = (RadioButton)findViewById(R.id.rb2);
        rg = (RadioGroup)findViewById(R.id.rg1);
        rg.setOnCheckedChangeListener(this);
    }
    @Override
    public void onCheckedChanged(RadioGroup group, int checkedId) {
        if(group==rg){
            if(rb1.getId()==checkedId){
                Toast.makeText(this, rb1.getText(), Toast.LENGTH_SHORT).show();
            }
            if(rb2.getId()==checkedId){
                Toast.makeText(this, rb2.getText(), Toast.LENGTH_SHORT).show();
            }
        }
    }
}</span></pre>
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6.ProgressBar

進度條，在main.xml中定義如下：

<span style="font-family:'Microsoft YaHei';"><ProgressBar
        android:id="@+id/pb1"
        style="?android:attr/progressBarStyleXxx"    <!--設置進度條的樣式，有大、中、小、條狀 -->
        android:layout_width="wrap_content"
        android:layout_height="wrap_content" /></span>

1. ?andtroid:attr/progressBarStyleSmall圓形小進度條，動態
2. 默認，即不設置 圓形中等進度條，動態
3. ?android:attr/progressBarStyleLarge 圓形大進度條，動態
4. ?android:attr/progressBarStyleHorizontal 條狀進度條，靜態

條狀進度條屬性：

android:max
android:progress
android:secondaryProgress 

代碼示例：實現條狀進度條，並當安裝結束時，跳出提示

<p><strong><span style="font-family:'Microsoft YaHei';">
main.xml</span></strong></p><p></p><pre class="html" name="code"><span style="font-family:'Microsoft YaHei';"><?xml version="1.0" encoding="utf-8"?>
<LinearLayout xmlns:android="http://schemas.android.com/apk/res/android"
    android:layout_width="fill_parent"
    android:layout_height="fill_parent"
    android:orientation="vertical" >
    <ProgressBar
        android:id="@+id/pb4"
        style="?android:attr/progressBarStyleHorizontal"
        android:layout_width="wrap_content"
        android:layout_height="wrap_content"
        android:max="100"
        android:progress="0"
        android:secondaryProgress="0" />
</LinearLayout></span></pre>
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<span style="font-family:'Microsoft YaHei'"></span><pre class="html" name="code"><p><strong><span style="font-family:'Microsoft YaHei';">ProgressBarActivity.java</span></strong></p><p></p><pre class="java" name="code"><span style="font-family:'Microsoft YaHei';">package org.xiazdong;

import android.app.Activity;
import android.os.Bundle;
import android.os.Handler;
import android.widget.ProgressBar;
import android.widget.Toast;

public class ProgressBarActivity extends Activity implements Runnable {
    private ProgressBar bar;
    private boolean isFinished;
    Thread t;
    Handler handler = new Handler();
    @Override
    public void onCreate(Bundle savedInstanceState) {
        super.onCreate(savedInstanceState);
        setContentView(R.layout.main);
        bar = (ProgressBar) findViewById(R.id.pb4);
        t = new Thread(this);
        t.start();
    }
    public void showToast() {
        handler.post(new Runnable() {
            @Override
            public void run() {
                Toast.makeText(getApplicationContext(), "安裝完成！",        //此處需要使用Handler，因爲不能在子線程中使用Toast
                        Toast.LENGTH_SHORT).show();
            }
        });
    }
    public void run() {
        int current = bar.getProgress();
        int currentMax = bar.getMax();
        int secCurrent = bar.getSecondaryProgress();
        while (true) {
            bar.setProgress(current++);
            bar.setSecondaryProgress(secCurrent++);
            if (secCurrent >= currentMax) {
                break;
            }
            try {
                Thread.sleep(50);
            } catch (InterruptedException e) {
                e.printStackTrace();
            }
        }
        isFinished = true;
        showToast();
    }
}</span></pre>
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<h2><a name="t16"></a><span style="font-family:'Microsoft YaHei'">7.TextView</span></h2>
<span style="font-family:'Microsoft YaHei'">文本顯示組件，在main.xml中定義如下：</span>
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<span style="font-family:'Microsoft YaHei';"> <TextView
        android:layout_width="wrap_content"
        android:layout_height="wrap_content"
        android:text="@string/hello" />    <!--文本文字 --></span>

8.Dialog

對話框，不需要再main.xml中顯示，只需要直接在Activity中創建即可； 

(1)簡單的Dialog：

常用函數：

setMessage()

setTitle()

setIcon()

setPositiveButton()

setNegativeButton()

Builder builder = new Builder(DialogActivity.this);   //創建對話框
builder.setIcon(android.R.drawable.ic_dialog_info).setTitle("對話框標題");   //設置對話框圖標和標題
builder.setMessage("對話框內容");    //設置對話框信息
builder.setPositiveButton("Yes", new OnClickListener(){      //設置正確按鈕
        @Override
        public void onClick(DialogInterface dialog, int arg1) {

        }
});
builder.setNegativeButton("No", new OnClickListener(){     //設置否定按鈕
        @Override
        public void onClick(DialogInterface dialog, int arg1) {

        }
});
builder.show();     //顯示對話框

(2)在dialog中添加單選框和複選框：

實例：添加“上海、北京、天津”的多選框

setMultiChoiceItems();

setSingleChoiceItems(); 

注：設置這些和setMessage不能同時使用！

<pre class="java" name="code">package org.xiazdong;

import android.app.Activity;
import android.app.AlertDialog.Builder;
import android.content.DialogInterface;
import android.content.DialogInterface.OnMultiChoiceClickListener;
import android.os.Bundle;

public class DialogActivity extends Activity {
    @Override
    public void onCreate(Bundle savedInstanceState) {
        super.onCreate(savedInstanceState);
        Builder builder = new Builder(DialogActivity.this);
        builder.setMultiChoiceItems(new String[] { "上海", "北京", "天津" },   //每項內容
                new boolean[] { true, false, true },    //每項是否沒選中
                new OnMultiChoiceClickListener() {    //監聽器
                    @Override
                    public void onClick(DialogInterface dialog, int which,
                            boolean isChecked) {

                    }
                }).show();
    }
}</pre>
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<div><span style="font-family:'Microsoft YaHei'"></span></div>
<div><span style="font-family:'Microsoft YaHei'"><strong>(3)在dialog中添加列表</strong></span></div>
<div><span style="font-family:'Microsoft YaHei'"><strong></strong></span></div>
<div><span style="font-family:'Microsoft YaHei'">builder.setItems(new String[]{"項1","項2"},new OnClickListener(){});  </span></div>
<div><span style="font-family:'Microsoft YaHei'"></span></div>
<div><span style="font-family:'Microsoft YaHei'"><strong>(4)在dialog中添加視圖（在main.xml中定義）：</strong></span></div>
<div><span style="font-family:'Microsoft YaHei'"></span></div>
setView函數實現;<pre class="java" name="code">        Builder builder = new Builder(DialogActivity.this);
        View layout = LayoutInflater.from(this).inflate(R.layout.main, null);
        builder.setIcon(android.R.drawable.ic_dialog_info).setTitle("對話框標題");
        builder.setMessage("對話框內容");
        builder.setPositiveButton("Yes", new OnClickListener(){
            @Override
            public void onClick(DialogInterface dialog, int arg1) {

            }
        });
        builder.setNegativeButton("Yes", new OnClickListener(){
            @Override
            public void onClick(DialogInterface dialog, int arg1) {

            }
        });
        builder.setView(layout);
        builder.show();
</pre>
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9.TabHost

分頁組件，類似於如下圖：

在main.xml中無需定義，直接在TabActivity中創建即可，但是TabSpec中的具體內容需要自定義，即引用佈局文件中的ID；
注：
(1)Activity需要繼承TabActivity 而不是Activity；
(2)OnTabChangedListener爲TabHost的監聽器，存在方法：public void onTagChanged(String tabId);

(3)TabSpec t1 = tabHost.newTabSpec("TabID");

(4)t1.setContent(佈局或控件id);   //爲tabSpec添加某個佈局

(5)t1.setIndicator(tab的標題);

代碼示例：設置三頁，每頁有各自的內容

<p><strong>main.xml</strong></p><p></p><pre class="java" name="code"><?xml version="1.0" encoding="utf-8"?>
<LinearLayout xmlns:android="http://schemas.android.com/apk/res/android"
    android:id="@+id/main"
    android:layout_width="fill_parent"
    android:layout_height="fill_parent"
    android:orientation="vertical" >

    <LinearLayout
        android:id="@+id/l1"
        android:layout_width="fill_parent"
        android:layout_height="wrap_content"
        android:orientation="vertical" >

        <TextView
            android:layout_width="wrap_content"
            android:layout_height="wrap_content"
            android:text="第1頁"></TextView>
    </LinearLayout>

    <LinearLayout
        android:id="@+id/l2"
        android:layout_width="fill_parent"
        android:layout_height="wrap_content"
        android:orientation="vertical" >

        <TextView
            android:layout_width="wrap_content"
            android:layout_height="wrap_content"
            android:text="第2頁"></TextView>
    </LinearLayout>

    <LinearLayout
        android:id="@+id/l3"
        android:layout_width="fill_parent"
        android:layout_height="wrap_content"
        android:orientation="vertical" >

        <TextView
            android:layout_width="wrap_content"
            android:layout_height="wrap_content"
            android:text="第3頁"></TextView>
    </LinearLayout>

</LinearLayout></pre>
<pre></pre>
<pre class="html" name="code"><p><strong>TabHostActivity.java</strong></p>
<pre class="java" name="code">package org.xiazdong;

import android.app.TabActivity;
import android.os.Bundle;
import android.util.Log;
import android.view.LayoutInflater;
import android.widget.TabHost;
import android.widget.TabHost.OnTabChangeListener;
import android.widget.TabHost.TabSpec;
import android.widget.Toast;

public class TabHostActivity extends TabActivity implements OnTabChangeListener {   //繼承TabActivity而不是Activity
    TabHost host;

    @Override
    public void onCreate(Bundle savedInstanceState) {
        super.onCreate(savedInstanceState);
        host = this.getTabHost();    //新建TabHost
        LayoutInflater.from(this).inflate(R.layout.main,    //將main佈局文件映射成tabHost的view
                host.getTabContentView());
        TabSpec t1 = host.newTabSpec("t1");   //新建一個頁，id爲t1
        t1.setIndicator("標籤1");  //設置顯示頁名
        t1.setContent(R.id.l1);    //設置頁的內容爲l1佈局，此處可以是佈局或組件
        host.addTab(t1);     //加入TabHost中
        TabSpec t2 = host.newTabSpec("t2");
        t2.setIndicator("標籤2",getResources().getDrawable(R.drawable.ic_launcher));
        t2.setContent(R.id.l2);
        host.addTab(t2);
        TabSpec t3 = host.newTabSpec("t3");
        t3.setIndicator("標籤3");
        t3.setContent(R.id.l3);
        host.addTab(t3);
        host.setOnTabChangedListener(this);   //設置監聽器
    }

    @Override
    public void onTabChanged(String tabId) {
        Log.v("a","aaaa");
        if(tabId.equals("t1")){
            Toast.makeText(this, "標籤1ing", Toast.LENGTH_LONG).show();
        }
        if(tabId.equals("t2")){
            Toast.makeText(this, "標籤2ing", Toast.LENGTH_LONG).show();
        }
        if(tabId.equals("t3")){
            Toast.makeText(this, "標籤3ing", Toast.LENGTH_LONG).show();
        }
        else{
            Toast.makeText(this, tabId, Toast.LENGTH_LONG).show();
        }
    }
}</pre>
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10.SeekBar

拖動條，在main.xml中定義如下：

<SeekBar
android:id="@+id/sb"
android:layout_width="fill_parent"
android:layout_height="wrap_content"
/>

注：存在OnSeekBarChangeListener監聽器，用來監聽SeekBar組件的事件，實現方法：
(1)public void onStartTrackingTouch(SeekBar seekBar); //開始移動時調用
(2)public void onStopTrackingTouch(SeekBar seekbar); //結束移動時調用
(3)public void onProgressChanged(SeekBar seekBar,int progress,boolean fromUser); //改變時調用，progress爲當前值

代碼示例：移動SeekBar組件，並在TextView中顯示當前值

<p><strong>main.xml</strong></p><p></p><pre class="html" name="code"><?xml version="1.0" encoding="utf-8"?>
<LinearLayout xmlns:android="http://schemas.android.com/apk/res/android"
    android:layout_width="fill_parent"
    android:layout_height="fill_parent"
    android:orientation="vertical" >

    <TextView
        android:layout_width="fill_parent"
        android:layout_height="wrap_content"
        android:text="@string/hello"
        android:id="@+id/tv"
         />
    <SeekBar
        android:id="@+id/sb"
        android:layout_width="fill_parent"
        android:layout_height="wrap_content"

        />
</LinearLayout></pre>
<pre></pre>
<pre class="html" name="code"><p><strong>SeekBarActivity.java</strong></p><p></p><pre class="java" name="code">package org.xiazdong;

import android.app.Activity;
import android.os.Bundle;
import android.widget.SeekBar;
import android.widget.SeekBar.OnSeekBarChangeListener;
import android.widget.TextView;

public class SeekBarActivity extends Activity {
    private TextView tv;
    private SeekBar sb;
    @Override
    public void onCreate(Bundle savedInstanceState) {
        super.onCreate(savedInstanceState);
        setContentView(R.layout.main);
        tv = (TextView) findViewById(R.id.tv);
        sb = (SeekBar) findViewById(R.id.sb);
        sb.setOnSeekBarChangeListener(new OnSeekBarChangeListener(){
            @Override
            public void onProgressChanged(SeekBar seekBar, int progress,
                    boolean fromUser) {
                tv.setText(progress+"");
            }
            @Override
            public void onStartTrackingTouch(SeekBar seekBar) {
            }
            @Override
            public void onStopTrackingTouch(SeekBar seekBar) {
            }
        });
    }
}</pre>
<pre></pre>
<div><span style="font-family:'Microsoft YaHei'"></span></div>
<div><span style="font-family:'Microsoft YaHei'"></span></div>
<h2><a name="t22"></a><span style="font-family:'Microsoft YaHei'">11.ListView</span></h2>
<div><span style="font-family:'Microsoft YaHei'">列表視圖；</span></div>
<h3><a name="t23"></a><span style="font-family:'Microsoft YaHei'">(1)使用ArrayAdapter實現普通列表</span></h3>
<div><span style="font-family:'Microsoft YaHei'">ArrayAdapter是一個媒介，通過它可以把數組映射到ListView視圖上。</span></div>
<div>(1)new ArrayAapter<String>(this,android.R.layout.simple_list_item_1,list);   將list存放到ArrayAdapter中；</div>
<div>(2)lv.setAdapter(adapter);  爲listView設置Adapter；</div>
<div><span style="font-family:'Microsoft YaHei'"></span><pre class="java" name="code">package org.xiazdong;

import java.util.ArrayList;

import android.app.Activity;
import android.os.Bundle;
import android.view.View;
import android.widget.AdapterView;
import android.widget.ArrayAdapter;
import android.widget.ListView;
import android.widget.Toast;
import android.widget.AdapterView.OnItemClickListener;

public class ListViewActivity extends Activity implements OnItemClickListener{
    ArrayList<String> list;
    @Override
    public void onCreate(Bundle savedInstanceState) {
        super.onCreate(savedInstanceState);
        list = new ArrayList<String>();
        list.add("xiazdong-1");
        list.add("xiazdong-2");
        list.add("xiazdong-3");
        ArrayAdapter adapter = new ArrayAdapter<String>(this,android.R.layout.simple_list_item_1,list);
        ListView lv = new ListView(this);
        lv.setAdapter(adapter);
        lv.setOnItemClickListener(this);
        this.setContentView(lv);
    }
    @Override
    public void onItemClick(AdapterView<?> arg0, View arg1, int arg2, long arg3) {
        Toast.makeText(this,list.get(arg2), Toast.LENGTH_SHORT).show();
    }
}</pre><br>
<h3><a name="t24"></a><span style="font-family:'Microsoft YaHei'">(2)自定義適配器BaseAdapter</span></h3>
</div>
<div><br>
</div>
<br>
<h1><a name="t25"></a><span style="font-family:'Microsoft YaHei'">二、4種佈局介紹</span></h1>
<div><span style="font-family:'Microsoft YaHei'"><br>
</span></div>
<span style="font-family:'Microsoft YaHei'">AbsoluteLayout因爲已被廢除，因此不做介紹；<br>
只要存在界面，就會有佈局的存在，就像Swing，雖然一個是桌面應用，一個是手機應用，但是他們都差不多。<br>
</span>
<h2 style="font-family:monospace; white-space:pre"><a name="t26"></a><img alt="" src="http://images.cnblogs.com/cnblogs_com/skynet/WindowsLiveWriter/Androidview_11A60/ViewGroup%E7%9A%84%E7%BB%A7%E6%89%BF_thumb.jpg"></h2>
<br>
此處因爲佈局非常簡單，所以就不用代碼來講解了。<br>
<br>
<br>
<h2><a name="t27"></a><span style="font-family:'Microsoft YaHei'">1.LinearLayout</span></h2>
<span style="font-family:'Microsoft YaHei'"><br>
<br>
默認佈局。組件的排列按照預先定義方向很有序的排列，類似於Swing中的FlowLayout；<br>
注意點：</span>
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</pre>

(1)可以在<LinearLayout>中添加android:orientation:vertical/horizontal ;

(2)可以嵌套<LinearLayout>；

2.FrameLayout

每個組件都在左上角，如果多個組件一起出現，則會重疊；

3.RelativeLayout

每個組件定位都是按照與其他組件的上下、左右定位；

默認的定位爲左上方；
(1)定位與組件的上下左右

android:layout_below="@id/.."

android:layout_above="@id/"

android:layout_toLeftOf="@id/"

android:layout_toRightOf="@id/"

(2)定位與組件的邊緣對齊

android:layout_alignLeft="@id/"

android:layout_alignRight="@id/"

android:layout_alignTop="@id/"

android:layout_alignBottom="@id/"

(3)定位與父組件的邊緣對齊

android:layout_alignParentTop="true"

android:layout_alignParentBottom="true"

android:layout_alignParentLeft="true"

android:layout_alignParentRight="true"

(4)與整個屏幕的關係

android:layout_centerHorizontal="true"

android:layout_centerVertical="true"

android:layout_centerInParent="true"

4.TableLayout

類似於Swing中的GridLayout；

表格佈局的每行用<TabRow>括起來；

在<TableLayout>中可以定義如下屬性：

(1)android:shrinkColumns="1" 表明第2個控件如果裏面的內容過多，會收縮，擴展到第二行，而不是延伸；

(2)android:stretchColumns="2" 如果有空白，第3個控件填充；

在控件中設置：

(1)android:layout_column="2" 將此控件放在第3個位置；

(2)android:layout_span="2" 此控件佔據2個單元位置；

補充：

1.在Activity中根據id獲得strings.xml和main.xml中的內容

getResources().getString(int id); 
getResources().getDrawable(int id);

2.鎖定橫豎屏

因爲在CTRL+F11時 會發生問題，因此可以再AndroidManifest.xml的Activity設置：android:screenOrientation=""

(1)portrait：豎屏；
(2)landscape：橫屏；

3.可視化設置佈局、控件

main.xml 如下所示：

多個Activity之間跳轉

使用Intent進行多個頁面的跳轉；

(1)Intent intent = new Intent(Context c,Class class);  c表示當前界面，class表示要跳轉到的界面的class；

(2)intent.putExtra(String key,String value);  //設置傳輸內容；

(3)this.startActivity(intent);   //開始跳轉

(4)Intent intent = this.getIntent();  //獲得傳輸來的intent

(5)String value = intent.getStringExtra(String key);   //獲得數據

代碼示例：

main.xml

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="utf-8"?>
<LinearLayout xmlns:android="http://schemas.android.com/apk/res/android"
    android:layout_width="fill_parent"
    android:layout_height="fill_parent"
    android:orientation="vertical" >

    <TextView
        android:layout_width="fill_parent"
        android:layout_height="wrap_content"
        android:text="第一個界面" />
        <TextView
        android:id="@+id/tv1"
        android:layout_width="fill_parent"
        android:layout_height="wrap_content"
        android:text="" />
    <EditText
        android:id="@+id/e1"
        android:layout_width="fill_parent"
        android:layout_height="wrap_content"
        android:hint="輸入信息"
        />
    <Button
        android:id="@+id/b1"
        android:layout_width="wrap_content"
        android:layout_height="wrap_content"
        android:text="發送到第二個界面"
        />
</LinearLayout>

mylayout.xml

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="utf-8"?>
<LinearLayout xmlns:android="http://schemas.android.com/apk/res/android"
    android:layout_width="fill_parent"
    android:layout_height="fill_parent"
    android:orientation="vertical" >

    <TextView
        android:layout_width="fill_parent"
        android:layout_height="wrap_content"
        android:text="第二個界面" />
        <TextView
        android:id="@+id/tv2"
        android:layout_width="fill_parent"
        android:layout_height="wrap_content"
        android:text="" />
    <EditText
        android:id="@+id/e2"
        android:layout_width="fill_parent"
        android:layout_height="wrap_content"
        android:hint="輸入信息"
        />
    <Button
        android:id="@+id/b2"
        android:layout_width="wrap_content"
        android:layout_height="wrap_content"
        android:text="發送到第一個界面"
        />
</LinearLayout>

MultiActivityActivity.java

package org.xiazdong;

import android.app.Activity;
import android.content.Intent;
import android.os.Bundle;
import android.view.View;
import android.view.View.OnClickListener;
import android.widget.Button;
import android.widget.EditText;
import android.widget.TextView;

public class MultiActivityActivity extends Activity implements OnClickListener{
    private Button b1;
    private EditText e1;
    private TextView tv1;
    @Override
    public void onCreate(Bundle savedInstanceState) {
        super.onCreate(savedInstanceState);
        setContentView(R.layout.main);
        b1 = (Button)findViewById(R.id.b1);
        e1 = (EditText)findViewById(R.id.e1);
        tv1 = (TextView)findViewById(R.id.tv1);
        Intent i = this.getIntent();
        if(i.getStringExtra("2")!=null){
            tv1.setText(i.getStringExtra("2"));
        }
        b1.setOnClickListener(this);
    }

    @Override
    public void onClick(View v) {

        Intent intent = new Intent(MultiActivityActivity.this,OtherActivity.class);
        intent.putExtra("1", e1.getText().toString());
        this.startActivity(intent);
    }
}

OtherActivity.java

package org.xiazdong;

import android.app.Activity;
import android.content.DialogInterface;
import android.content.Intent;
import android.os.Bundle;
import android.view.View;
import android.view.View.OnClickListener;
import android.widget.Button;
import android.widget.EditText;
import android.widget.TextView;

public class OtherActivity extends Activity implements OnClickListener{
    private TextView view ;
    private Button b2;
    private EditText e2;
    private TextView tv2;
    @Override
    protected void onCreate(Bundle savedInstanceState) {
        super.onCreate(savedInstanceState);
        view = new TextView(this);
        setContentView(R.layout.mylayout);
        b2 = (Button)findViewById(R.id.b2);
        e2 = (EditText)findViewById(R.id.e2);
        tv2 = (TextView)findViewById(R.id.tv2);
        Intent i = this.getIntent();
        if(i.getStringExtra("1")!=null){
            tv2.setText(i.getStringExtra("1"));
        }
        b2.setOnClickListener(this);
    }
    @Override
    public void onClick(View v) {

        Intent intent = new Intent(OtherActivity.this,MultiActivityActivity.class);
        intent.putExtra("2", e2.getText().toString());
        this.startActivity(intent);
    }

}

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