hibernate二級緩存的實現

存就是庫數據在存中的臨時容器,包括庫數據在存中的臨時,位於庫與數庫訪問層.ORM查詢數首先根據自身的存管理策略,在存中找相關數據,如發現所需的據,直接據作爲結果加以利用,而避免了庫調用性能的開銷.而相對內存操作而言,庫調用是一代價高程.

    一般
來講ORM中的存分以下幾:

        1.
務級緩存:即在前事圍內存.就Hibernate來講,務級緩存是基於Session的生命週期實現的,每Session存在一個數存,它隨着Session的建而存在,着Session的毀而亡,因此也稱爲Session Level Cache.

        2.
級緩存:即在某個應用中或用中某個獨庫訪問子集中的共享存,此存可由多共享(用事),存共享策略與應用的事隔離機制密切相.在Hibernate中,級緩存由SessionFactory實現,所有由一SessionFactory建的Session例共享此存,因此也稱爲SessionFactory Level Cache.

        3.
分佈式存:即在多個應例,多JVM共享的存策略.分佈式存由多個應級緩成,通種遠程機制(RMI,JMS)實現個緩據同步,任何一個實例的據修改,將導致整集羣狀態同步.

    Hibernate
存:

        1.
存(Session Level Cache也級緩存):

        
明:

java 代

public class Test {    
   
      public void get(){     
   
            Session session = HibernateSessionFactory.getSession();    
            TUser t = (TUser)session.get("hibernate.TUser", 2);    
            System.out.println(t.getName());    
            session.close();    
            }    
   
}    
   

             
測試:在控制檯打印出一SQL句:Hibernate: select tuser0_.id as id0_0_, tuser0_.name as name0_0_, tuser0_.sex as sex0_0_ from test.t_user tuser0_ where tuser0_.id=? 行了一次調用.

      代
更改如下:

public class Test {    
     
      public void get(){    
   
            Session session = HibernateSessionFactory.getSession();    
            TUser t = (TUser)session.get("hibernate.TUser", 2);    
            System.out.println(t.getName());    
            TUser tt = (TUser)session.get("hibernate.TUser", 2);    
            System.out.println(tt.getName());    
            session.close();    
   
      }    
   
}    
   

       再
測試:行了查詢,控制檯仍然只打出一SQL句:Hibernate: select tuser0_.id as id0_0_, tuser0_.name as name0_0_, tuser0_.sex as sex0_0_ from test.t_user tuser0_ where tuser0_.id=?  是隻行了一次調用.

       再
更改如下:

public class Test {    
     
      public void get(){     
   
            Session session = HibernateSessionFactory.getSession();    
            TUser t = (TUser)session.get("hibernate.TUser", 2);    
            System.out.println(t.getName());    
            session.close();    
            Session session1 = HibernateSessionFactory.getSession();    
            TUser tt = (TUser)session1.get("hibernate.TUser", 2);    
            System.out.println(tt.getName());    
            session1.close();    
   
      }    
   
}    

       
繼續測試:查詢控制檯打印兩條SQL句:Hibernate: select tuser0_.id as id0_0_, tuser0_.name as name0_0_, tuser0_.sex as sex0_0_ from test.t_user tuser0_ where tuser0_.id=?
Hibernate: select tuser0_.id as id0_0_, tuser0_.name as name0_0_, tuser0_.sex as sex0_0_ from test.t_user tuser0_ where tuser0_.id=?

      
結論:Hibernate查詢時總是先在存中查詢,存中有所需據才查詢.Hibernate存是基於Session的生命週期的,也就是存在於每Session部,它隨着Session的建而存在,着Session的毀而亡,存一般由Hibernate自動維護,不需要人,然我也可以根據需要行相操作:Session.evict(Object)(指定從內除),Session.clear()(存).(如在查詢間加入Session.clear()將會清存,使得一Sesion部的次相同的查詢對數庫進次操作).

      2.二
級緩存:(有時稱爲SessionFactory Level Cache)

      Hibernate
本身未提供二級緩存的品化實現(只提供了一基於HashTable的簡單緩存以供調試),裏我使用的是第三方件:EHcache.Hibernate的二級緩實現需要行以下配置(Hibernate3):

      首先在hibernate.cfg.xml
添加: 



<property name="cache.provider_class">org.hibernate.cache.EhCacheProvider</property>   
<property name="hibernate.cache.use_query_cache">true</property>   

然後在映射文件中添加:
<cache usage="read-only"/>   

            
測試上面代:控制檯出多了這樣一句[ WARN] (CacheFactory.java:43) - read-only cache configured for mutable class: hibernate.TUser,二級緩用成功!!       

java 代

public class Test {    
     
      public void executeQuery(){    
      
            List list = new ArrayList();    
            Session session = HibernateSessionFactory.getSession();    
            Query query = session.createQuery("from TUser t");    
            query.setCacheable(true);//
激活查詢緩存    
            list = query.list();    
            session.close();    
   
      }    
      public void get(){    
   
            Session session = HibernateSessionFactory.getSession();    
            TUser t = (TUser)session.get("hibernate.TUser", 2);    
            System.out.println(t.getName());    
            session.close();    
   
     }    
   
}    

      
測試:控制檯只出一SQL句:Hibernate: select tuser0_.id as id0_, tuser0_.name as name0_, tuser0_.sex as sex0_ from test.t_user tuser0_(即Query query = session.createQuery("from TUser t")句代對應的SQL).  executeQuery()方法get()方法使用的是不同的Session!!可是executeQuery()方法get()方法只對數庫進行了一次操作,就是二級緩存在起作用了.   

      
結論:Hibernate級緩存是SessionFactory存,Session共享,使用需要使用第三方的件,新版HibernateEHcache的二級緩實現.

      
存同步策略:存同步策略定了象在存中的存取規則,須爲個實指定相存同步策略.Hibernate中提供了4不同的存同步策略:(暫時記個概)

      1.read-only:
.於不會發生改據可使用(對數據只能查詢,其他的增刪改都會報錯不關是1或2緩存中.

      2.nonstrict-read-write:
如果程序對併發訪問下的據同步要求不格,且據更新低,採用本存同步策略可好性能.(不能在二級緩存進行增刪改都會報錯)

      3.read-write:
格的讀寫緩存.基於時間戳判定機制,實現了"read committed"事隔離等.用於對數據同步要求的情,但不支持分佈式存,實際應用中使用最多的存同步策略.(都可以比較常用的)

      4.transactional:
存,必須運行在JTA事務環境中.此存中,存的相操作被添加到事中(此似於一個內),如事,則緩衝池的一同回到事始之前的狀態.實現了"Repeatable read"事隔離等,有效保據的合法性,適對關鍵數據的存,Hibernate存中,只有JBossCache支持事存. 


create table teamEH (id varchar(32),teamname varchar(32));

create table studentEH (id varchar(32),name varchar(32),team_id varchar(32));

POJO:

 

package EHCache;

public class Student ...{

    private String id; //標識id

    private String name; //學生姓名

    private Team team;//班級

    public String getName() ...{

        return name;

    }

   

    public void setId(String id) ...{

        this.id = id;

    }

   

    public void setName(String stuName) ...{

        this.name = stuName;

    }

  

    public String getId() ...{

        return id;

    }

    public Student() ...{ //無參的構造函數

    }

   

    public Team getTeam() ...{

        return team;

    }

    public void setTeam(Team team) ...{

        this.team = team;

    }

}

package EHCache;

import java.util.HashSet;

import java.util.Set;

public class Team ...{

    private String id;

    private Set students;

    private String teamName;

    public String getId() ...{

        return id;

    }

    public void setId(String id) ...{

        this.id = id;

    }

    public String getTeamName() ...{

        return teamName;

    }

    public void setTeamName(String name) ...{

        this.teamName = name;

    }

    public Set getStudents() ...{

        return students;

    }

    public void setStudents(Set students) ...{

        this.students = students;

    }

}

 Team.hbm.xml

其中<cache>標籤表示對student集合緩存,但只緩存id,如果需要緩存student實例,則需要在student.hbm.xml中的

class標籤中配置<cache>

 

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="utf-8"?>

<!DOCTYPE hibernate-mapping PUBLIC "-//Hibernate/Hibernate Mapping DTD 3.0//EN"

"http://hibernate.sourceforge.net/hibernate-mapping-3.0.dtd">

<!-- 

    Mapping file autogenerated by MyEclipse - Hibernate Tools

-->

<hibernate-mapping package="EHCache" >

    <class name="EHCache.Team" table="teamEH" lazy="false">

       <id name="id" column="id">

         <generator class="uuid.hex"></generator>

       </id>

       <property name="teamName" column="teamName"></property>

       

       <set name="students" 

            lazy="true" 

            inverse="true" 

            outer-join="false"

            batch-size="2"

            cascade="save-update"

           >

           <!-- 對students集合緩存,但只是緩存student-id如果要對整個對象緩存,

                還需要在Student.hbm.xml的class標籤中加入<cache>標籤 -->

         <cache usage="read-write"/>

         <key column="team_id"></key>

         <one-to-many class="EHCache.Student"/>

       </set>

      </class>

</hibernate-mapping>

 

Student.hbm.xml

 

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="utf-8"?>

<!DOCTYPE hibernate-mapping PUBLIC "-//Hibernate/Hibernate Mapping DTD 3.0//EN"

"http://hibernate.sourceforge.net/hibernate-mapping-3.0.dtd">

<!-- 

    Mapping file autogenerated by MyEclipse - Hibernate Tools

-->

<hibernate-mapping package="EHCache" >

   

    <class name="EHCache.Student" table="studentEH" lazy="false">

       <cache usage="read-write"/>

       <id name="id" column="id" unsaved-value="null">

         <generator class="uuid.hex"></generator>

       </id>

       <property name="name" column="name"></property>

    

       <many-to-one name="team" 

                    column="team_id"

                    outer-join="true" 

                    cascade="save-update"

                    class="EHCache.Team"></many-to-one>

      </class>

</hibernate-mapping>

 

Hibernate.cfg.xml

配置hibernate.cache.provider_class以啓用EHCache

<?xml version='1.0' encoding='UTF-8'?>

<!DOCTYPE hibernate-configuration PUBLIC

          "-//Hibernate/Hibernate Configuration DTD 3.0//EN"

          "http://hibernate.sourceforge.net/hibernate-configuration-3.0.dtd">

<!-- Generated by MyEclipse Hibernate Tools.                   -->

<hibernate-configuration>

<session-factory>

    <property name="connection.username">root</property>

    <property name="connection.url">

        jdbc:mysql://localhost:3306/schoolproject?characterEncoding=gb2312&amp;useUnicode=true

    </property>

    <property name="dialect">

        org.hibernate.dialect.MySQLDialect

    </property>

    <property name="myeclipse.connection.profile">mysql</property>

    <property name="connection.password">1234</property>

    <property name="connection.driver_class">

        com.mysql.jdbc.Driver

    </property>

    <property name="hibernate.dialect">

        org.hibernate.dialect.MySQLDialect

    </property>

    <property name="hibernate.show_sql">true</property>

    <property name="current_session_context_class">thread</property>

    <property name="hibernate.cache.provider_class">

            org.hibernate.cache.EhCacheProvider

        </property>

    <mapping resource="EHCache/Student.hbm.xml" />

    <mapping resource="EHCache/Team.hbm.xml" />

</session-factory>

</hibernate-configuration>

EHCache.xml(放在classpath下)

 

<ehcache>

 

    <diskStore path="c:/cache"/>  <!--緩存文件存放位置-->

    <defaultCache

        maxElementsInMemory="10000"

        eternal="false"

        timeToIdleSeconds="120"

        timeToLiveSeconds="120"

        overflowToDisk="true"

        />

    <cache name="EHCache.Student"

        maxElementsInMemory="500"    <!---超過500實例,就將多出的部分放置緩存文件中->

        eternal="false"

        timeToIdleSeconds="120"

        timeToLiveSeconds="120"

        overflowToDisk="true"

        /> -->

    <!-- Place configuration for your caches following -->

</ehcache>

 

測試代碼(插入準備數據部分)

 

package EHCache;

import java.io.File;

import java.util.List;

import org.hibernate.Session;

import org.hibernate.SessionFactory;

import org.hibernate.Transaction;

import org.hibernate.cfg.Configuration;

public class Test ...{

    public static void main(String[] args) ...{

        String filePath=System.getProperty("user.dir")+File.separator+"src/EHCache"+File.separator+"hibernate.cfg.xml";

        File file=new File(filePath);

        SessionFactory sessionFactory=new Configuration().configure(file).buildSessionFactory();

        Session session=sessionFactory.openSession();

        Transaction tx=session.beginTransaction();

        

//        Team team=new Team();

//        team.setTeamName("team1");

//        

//        

//        for(int i=0;i<1000;i++){

//            Student stu=new Student();

//            stu.setName("tom"+i);

//            stu.setTeam(team);

//            session.save(stu);

//        }

//        tx.commit();

//        

    }

}

 

測試成功後,運行以下代碼

 

package EHCache;

import java.io.File;

import java.util.List;

import org.hibernate.Session;

import org.hibernate.SessionFactory;

import org.hibernate.Transaction;

import org.hibernate.cfg.Configuration;

public class Test ...{

    public static void main(String[] args) ...{

        String filePath=System.getProperty("user.dir")+File.separator+"src/EHCache"+File.separator+"hibernate.cfg.xml";

        File file=new File(filePath);

        SessionFactory sessionFactory=new Configuration().configure(file).buildSessionFactory();

        Session session=sessionFactory.openSession();

        Transaction tx=session.beginTransaction();

        

    

        //模擬多用戶訪問數據

        Session session1=sessionFactory.openSession();

        Transaction tx1=session1.beginTransaction();

        List list=session1.createQuery("from Student").list();

        for(int i=0;i<list.size();i++)...{

            Student stu=(Student)list.get(i);

            System.out.println(stu.getName());

        }

        tx1.commit();

        session1.close();    

    

        Session session2=sessionFactory.openSession();

        Transaction tx2=session2.beginTransaction();

            //這個uuid從剛纔插入的數據中複製一個student的id

        Student stu=(Student)session2.get(Student.class, "4028818316d184820116d184900e0001");

        System.out.println(stu.getName());

        tx2.commit();

        session2.close();

    }

}

 

結果如下:

log4j:WARN No appenders could be found for logger (org.hibernate.cfg.Environment).

log4j:WARN Please initialize the log4j system properly.

Hibernate: select student0_.id as id0_, student0_.name as name0_, student0_.team_id as team3_0_ from studentEH student0_

Hibernate: select team0_.id as id1_0_, team0_.teamName as teamName1_0_ from teamEH team0_ where team0_.id=?

tom0

tom1

tom2

tom3

tom4

tom5

tom6

tom7

tom8

tom9

tom10

........................................

tom974

tom975

tom976

tom977

tom978

tom998

tom999

Hibernate: select team0_.id as id1_0_, team0_.teamName as teamName1_0_ from teamEH team0_ where team0_.id=?

tom0

 

可以看到,第二次查詢,已經不再訪問數據庫了,而且,查看c:/cache文件夾,也可以看到,數據已經緩存成功了

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