SpringBoot快速上手—《四》：SpringBoot 集成Redis +SpringCache

SpringBoot 集成Redis +SpringCache做緩存

github源碼：https://github.com/xivinChen/SpringBoot

一.給user加緩存

1.首先創建springboot-redis-cache模塊，並把springboot-restful-api的內容複製過來。

2.修改三層架構，即加service層

添加service.UserService接口，再創建實現類service.impl.UserServiceimpl，記得實現類要加上@Service註解。並實現user的增刪改查功能。同時將Controller的調用改成UserService。

3.加入redis cache pool等依賴

<dependency>
      <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
      <artifactId>spring-boot-starter-data-redis</artifactId>
    </dependency>

    <dependency>
      <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
      <artifactId>spring-boot-starter-cache</artifactId>
    </dependency>

    <dependency>
      <groupId>org.apache.commons</groupId>
      <artifactId>commons-pool2</artifactId>
    </dependency>

4.配置redis

server:
  port: 8090

# 掃描mapper.xml文件
mybatis:
  mapper-locations:
    - classpath:mapping/*.xml
spring:
  application:
    name: springboot-ssm
  datasource:
    type: com.alibaba.druid.pool.DruidDataSource
    driver-class-name: com.mysql.cj.jdbc.Driver
    url: jdbc:mysql://127.0.0.1:3306/springboot?serverTimezone=GMT%2B8&useUnicode=true&characterEncoding=utf-8&useSSL=false
    username: root
    password: 123zxc
  redis:
    host: 127.0.0.1
    port: 6379
    password: 123zxc
    database: 0
    lettuce:
      pool:
        max-active: 32
        max-wait: 300ms
        max-idle: 16
        min-idle: 8

5.啓動類加上@EnableCaching註解

6.Service加緩存

@Service
public class UserServiceImpl implements UserService {

    private Logger logger = LoggerFactory.getLogger(UserServiceImpl.class);

    @Resource
    private UserMapper userMapper;

    @Override
    @Cacheable(value = "user:id",key = "#id")
    public User getOneUser(int id) {
        logger.info("get one go mysql ...");
        return userMapper.selectByPrimaryKey(id);
    }

    @Cacheable(value = "user:list")
    @Override
    public List<User> findAll() {
        logger.info("find all go mysql ...");
        return userMapper.list();
    }

    @CacheEvict(value = "user:list",allEntries = true)
    @Override
    public int add(User user) {
        return userMapper.insert(user);
    }

    @Caching(
            evict = {
                    @CacheEvict(value = "user:id", key = "#user.id"),
                    @CacheEvict(value = "user:list", allEntries = true)
            }
    )
    @Override
    public int update(User user) {
        return userMapper.updateByPrimaryKey(user);
    }

    @Caching(
            evict = {
                    @CacheEvict(value = "user:id", key = "#id"),
                    @CacheEvict(value = "user:list", allEntries = true)
            }
    )
    @Override
    public int delete(int id) {
        return delete(id);
    }
}

以上SpringBoot默認對redis 的配置，如果我們想修改redis的配置，如序列化方式、默認過期時間等等。則需要我們創建RedisConfig.java配置類。

二.手動配置RedisConfig.java

具體配置如下，其中一個是操作redis 的RedisTemplate，一個是緩存使用的CacheManager,其中修改了序列化方式，所以要把原來的緩存清空。

@Component
@Configuration
@ConfigurationProperties("spring.cache.redis")
public class RedisConfig extends CachingConfigurerSupport {
    private Duration timeToLive = Duration.ofMinutes(30);

    public void setTimeToLive(Duration timeToLive) {
        this.timeToLive = timeToLive;
    }

    @Bean
    public CacheManager cacheManager(RedisConnectionFactory factory) {
        RedisSerializer<String> redisSerializer = new StringRedisSerializer();
        Jackson2JsonRedisSerializer jackson2JsonRedisSerializer = new Jackson2JsonRedisSerializer(Object.class);

        //解決查詢緩存轉換異常的問題
        ObjectMapper om = new ObjectMapper();
        om.setVisibility(PropertyAccessor.ALL, JsonAutoDetect.Visibility.ANY);
        om.enableDefaultTyping(ObjectMapper.DefaultTyping.NON_FINAL);
        jackson2JsonRedisSerializer.setObjectMapper(om);

        // 配置序列化（解決亂碼的問題）
        RedisCacheConfiguration config = RedisCacheConfiguration.defaultCacheConfig()
                .entryTtl(timeToLive)
                .serializeKeysWith(RedisSerializationContext.SerializationPair.fromSerializer(redisSerializer))
                .serializeValuesWith(RedisSerializationContext.SerializationPair.fromSerializer(jackson2JsonRedisSerializer))
                .disableCachingNullValues();

        RedisCacheManager cacheManager = RedisCacheManager.builder(factory)
                .cacheDefaults(config)
                .build();
        return cacheManager;
    }

    //RedisTemplate配置
    @Bean
    @SuppressWarnings("all")
    public RedisTemplate<String, Object> redisTemplate(RedisConnectionFactory factory) {
        RedisTemplate<String, Object> template = new RedisTemplate<String, Object>();
        template.setConnectionFactory(factory);
        //配置事務
        template.setEnableTransactionSupport(true);
        Jackson2JsonRedisSerializer jackson2JsonRedisSerializer = new Jackson2JsonRedisSerializer(Object.class);
        ObjectMapper om = new ObjectMapper();
        om.setVisibility(PropertyAccessor.ALL, JsonAutoDetect.Visibility.ANY);
        om.enableDefaultTyping(ObjectMapper.DefaultTyping.NON_FINAL);
        jackson2JsonRedisSerializer.setObjectMapper(om);
        StringRedisSerializer stringRedisSerializer = new StringRedisSerializer();
        // key採用String的序列化方式
        template.setKeySerializer(stringRedisSerializer);
        // hash的key也採用String的序列化方式
        template.setHashKeySerializer(stringRedisSerializer);
        // value序列化方式採用jackson
        template.setValueSerializer(jackson2JsonRedisSerializer);
        // hash的value序列化方式採用jackson
        template.setHashValueSerializer(jackson2JsonRedisSerializer);
        template.afterPropertiesSet();
        return template;
    }

}

二.SpringBoot如何操作Redis

Springboot 操作redis引入的依賴可以不用引入

<dependency>
  <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
  <artifactId>spring-boot-starter-cache</artifactId>
</dependency>

1.說明

SpringBoot Redis提供一個強大的模版操作redis，它就是RedisTemplate，使用它可以很方便的操作redis 的五大數據類型。下面我們寫一個測試類使用RedisTemplate的相關API。

首先把引入spring-boot-starter-test依賴，同時去掉junit依賴，否則會報錯！

2.添加RedisTemplateTest

在test/java/xyz.java1024 下創建RedisTemplateTest測試類，加上@RunWith(SpringRunner.class)
@SpringBootTest(classes = RedisApp.class)註解，指定啓動類作用是讀取配置信息。具體代碼如下：

@RunWith(SpringRunner.class)
@SpringBootTest(classes = RedisApp.class)
public class RedisTemplateTest {

    @Resource
    private RedisTemplate redisTemplate;

    /**
     *
     * 介紹 如何使用 redisTemplate 操作String List Set ZSet Hash五種數據類型
     * 本測試只 使用了部分常用的 api，如在集合等複雜數據類型 有更多的api 實現更加強大的功能，查閱相關文檔即可！
     *
     */

    /**
     * String 類型set
     */
    @Test
    public void testSet() {
        redisTemplate.opsForValue().set("test","this is test");
    }

    /**
     * String 類型get
     */
    @Test
    public void testGet() {
        Object test = redisTemplate.opsForValue().get("test");
        System.out.println("test = " + test);
    }

    /**
     * 添加元素
     */
    @Test
    public void testLSet() {
        redisTemplate.opsForList().leftPush("testList","testList1");
    }

    /**
     * 獲取List 的所有元素
     */
    @Test
    public void testLGet() {
        List testList = redisTemplate.opsForList().range("testList", 0, -1);
        System.out.println("testList = " + testList);
    }

    /**
     * Set類型 set
     */
    @Test
    public void testSSet() {
        redisTemplate.opsForSet().add("testSet","testSet1");
    }

    /**
     * Set 類型get
     */
    @Test
    public void testSGet() {
        Set testSet = redisTemplate.opsForSet().members("testSet");
        System.out.println("testSet = " + testSet);
    }

    /**
     * hash set
     */
    @Test
    public void testHSet() {

        redisTemplate.opsForHash().put("testHash","value1","key1");
        redisTemplate.opsForHash().put("testHash","value2","key2");
    }

    /**
     * hash get
     */
    @Test
    public void testHget() {
        Object o = redisTemplate.opsForHash().get("testHash", "value1");
        System.out.println("o = " + o);
    }

    /**
     * Zset set
     */
    @Test
    public void testZSet() {
        redisTemplate.opsForZSet().add("java1024","SpringBoot",10);
        redisTemplate.opsForZSet().add("java1024","SpringCloud",3);
    }

    /**
     * Zset get
     */
    @Test
    public void testZGet() {

        // 正序
        Set all = redisTemplate.opsForZSet().range("java1024", 0, -1);
        System.out.println("all = " + all);

        //反序
        Set reverseRange = redisTemplate.opsForZSet().reverseRange("java1024", 0, -1);
        System.out.println("reverseRange = " + reverseRange);
    }
}

總結

操作Redis不依賴SpringCache，實現SpringCache也不止Redis，也可以用ehCache做緩存！只是現在主流還是用Redis做緩存。