事務管理的幾種方式

代碼下載地址：http://www.zuidaima.com/share/1828220435860480.htm

前段時間對spring的事務配置做了比較深入的研究，在此之間對Spring的事務配置雖說也配置過，但是一直沒有一個清楚的認識。通過這次的學習發覺Spring的事務配置只要把思路理清，還是比較好掌握的。

    總結如下：

    Spring配置文件中關於事務配置總是由三個組成部分，分別是DataSource、TransactionManager和代理機制這三部分，無論哪種配置方式，一般變化的只是代理機制這部分。

   DataSource、TransactionManager這兩部分只是會根據數據訪問方式有所變化，比如使用hibernate進行數據訪問時，DataSource實際爲SessionFactory，TransactionManager的實現爲HibernateTransactionManager。

    具體如下圖：

    根據代理機制的不同，總結了五種Spring事務的配置方式，配置文件如下：

    第一種方式：每個Bean都有一個代理

<?xml version="1.0"encoding="UTF-8"?>
 <beans xmlns="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans"
 xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
 xmlns:context="http://www.springframework.org/schema/context"
 xmlns:aop="http://www.springframework.org/schema/aop"
 xsi:schemaLocation="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans
 http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans/spring-beans-2.5.xsd
 http://www.springframework.org/schema/context
 http://www.springframework.org/schema/context/spring-context-2.5.xsd
 http://www.springframework.org/schema/aop http://www.springframework.org/schema/aop/spring-aop-2.5.xsd">

 <bean id="sessionFactory"
 class="org.springframework.orm.hibernate3.LocalSessionFactoryBean">
 <property name="configLocation" value="classpath:hibernate.cfg.xml" />
 <property name="configurationClass" value="org.hibernate.cfg.AnnotationConfiguration" />
 </bean>

 <!-- 定義事務管理器（聲明式的事務） -->
 <bean id="transactionManager"
 class="org.springframework.orm.hibernate3.HibernateTransactionManager">
 <property name="sessionFactory" ref="sessionFactory" />
 </bean>

 <!-- 配置DAO -->
 <bean id="userDaoTarget" class="com.bluesky.spring.dao.UserDaoImpl">
 <property name="sessionFactory" ref="sessionFactory" />
 </bean>

 <bean id="userDao"
 class="org.springframework.transaction.interceptor.TransactionProxyFactoryBean">
 <!-- 配置事務管理器 -->
 <property name="transactionManager" ref="transactionManager" />
 <property name="target" ref="userDaoTarget" />
 <property name="proxyInterfaces" value="com.bluesky.spring.dao.GeneratorDao" />
 <!-- 配置事務屬性 -->
 <property name="transactionAttributes">
 <props>
 <prop key="*"> PROPAGATION_REQUIRED </prop>
 </props>
 </property>
 </bean>
 </beans>

    第二種方式：所有Bean共享一個代理基類

<?xml version="1.0"encoding="UTF-8"?>
 <beans xmlns="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans"
 xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
 xmlns:context="http://www.springframework.org/schema/context"
 xmlns:aop="http://www.springframework.org/schema/aop"
 xsi:schemaLocation="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans
 http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans/spring-beans-2.5.xsd
 http://www.springframework.org/schema/context
 http://www.springframework.org/schema/context/spring-context-2.5.xsd
 http://www.springframework.org/schema/aop http://www.springframework.org/schema/aop/spring-aop-2.5.xsd">

 <bean id="sessionFactory"
 class="org.springframework.orm.hibernate3.LocalSessionFactoryBean">
 <property name="configLocation" value="classpath:hibernate.cfg.xml" />
 <property name="configurationClass" value="org.hibernate.cfg.AnnotationConfiguration" />
 </bean>

 <!-- 定義事務管理器（聲明式的事務） -->
 <bean id="transactionManager"
 class="org.springframework.orm.hibernate3.HibernateTransactionManager">
 <property name="sessionFactory" ref="sessionFactory" />
 </bean>

 <bean id="transactionBase"
 class="org.springframework.transaction.interceptor.TransactionProxyFactoryBean"
 lazy-init="true" abstract="true">
 <!-- 配置事務管理器 -->
 <property name="transactionManager" ref="transactionManager" />
 <!-- 配置事務屬性 -->
 <property name="transactionAttributes">
 <props>
 <prop key="*">PROPAGATION_REQUIRED </prop>
 </props>
 </property>
 </bean>

 <!-- 配置DAO -->
 <bean id="userDaoTarget" class="com.bluesky.spring.dao.UserDaoImpl">
 <property name="sessionFactory" ref="sessionFactory" />
 </bean>

 <bean id="userDao" parent="transactionBase">
 <property name="target" ref="userDaoTarget" />
 </bean>
 </beans>

第三種方式：使用攔截器

<?xml version="1.0"encoding="UTF-8"?>
 <beans xmlns="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans"
 xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
 xmlns:context="http://www.springframework.org/schema/context"
 xmlns:aop="http://www.springframework.org/schema/aop"
 xsi:schemaLocation="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans
 http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans/spring-beans-2.5.xsd
 http://www.springframework.org/schema/context
 http://www.springframework.org/schema/context/spring-context-2.5.xsd
 http://www.springframework.org/schema/aop http://www.springframework.org/schema/aop/spring-aop-2.5.xsd">

 <bean id="sessionFactory"
 class="org.springframework.orm.hibernate3.LocalSessionFactoryBean">
 <property name="configLocation" value="classpath:hibernate.cfg.xml" />
 <property name="configurationClass" value="org.hibernate.cfg.AnnotationConfiguration" />
 </bean>

 <!-- 定義事務管理器（聲明式的事務） -->
 <bean id="transactionManager"
 class="org.springframework.orm.hibernate3.HibernateTransactionManager">
 <property name="sessionFactory" ref="sessionFactory" />
 </bean>

 <bean id="transactionInterceptor"
 class="org.springframework.transaction.interceptor.TransactionInterceptor">
 <property name="transactionManager" ref="transactionManager" />
 <!-- 配置事務屬性 -->
 <property name="transactionAttributes">
 <props>
 <prop key="*">PROPAGATION_REQUIRED </prop>
 </props>
 </property>
 </bean>

 <bean class="org.springframework.aop.framework.autoproxy.BeanNameAutoProxyCreator">
 <property name="beanNames">
 <list>
 <value> *Dao </value>
 </list>
 </property>
 <property name="interceptorNames">
 <list>
 <value> transactionInterceptor </value>
 </list>
 </property>
 </bean>

 <!-- 配置DAO -->
 <bean id="userDao" class="com.bluesky.spring.dao.UserDaoImpl">
 <property name="sessionFactory" ref="sessionFactory" />
 </bean>
 </beans>

第四種方式：使用tx標籤配置的攔截器

<?xml version="1.0"encoding="UTF-8"?>
 <beans xmlns="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans"
 xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
 xmlns:context="http://www.springframework.org/schema/context"
 xmlns:aop="http://www.springframework.org/schema/aop"
 xmlns:tx="http://www.springframework.org/schema/tx"
 xsi:schemaLocation="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans
 http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans/spring-beans-2.5.xsd
 http://www.springframework.org/schema/context
 http://www.springframework.org/schema/context/spring-context-2.5.xsd
 http://www.springframework.org/schema/aop http://www.springframework.org/schema/aop/spring-aop-2.5.xsd
 http://www.springframework.org/schema/tx http://www.springframework.org/schema/tx/spring-tx-2.5.xsd">

 <context:annotation-config />
 <context:component-scan base-package="com.bluesky" />

 <bean id="sessionFactory"
 class="org.springframework.orm.hibernate3.LocalSessionFactoryBean">
 <property name="configLocation" value="classpath:hibernate.cfg.xml" />
 <property name="configurationClass" value="org.hibernate.cfg.AnnotationConfiguration" />
 </bean>

 <!-- 定義事務管理器（聲明式的事務） -->
 <bean id="transactionManager"
 class="org.springframework.orm.hibernate3.HibernateTransactionManager">
 <property name="sessionFactory" ref="sessionFactory" />
 </bean>

 <tx:advice id="txAdvice" transaction-manager="transactionManager">
 <tx:attributes>
 <tx:method name="*" propagation="REQUIRED" />
 </tx:attributes>
 </tx:advice>

 <aop:config>
 <aop:pointcut id="interceptorPointCuts"
 expression="execution(*com.bluesky.spring.dao.*.*(..))" />
 <aop:advisor advice-ref="txAdvice"
 pointcut-ref="interceptorPointCuts" />
 </aop:config>
 </beans>

第五種方式：全註解