idea下spring+spring mvc+mybatis+mysql+maven框架搭建

寫在前面

        最近在學習ssm框架,因爲不知名的原因,一個小小的框架竟然花了我四五天的時間,期間遇到了近百個各種各樣的錯誤,也正是由於這些錯誤,讓我對ssm框架有了進一步的認識,謹作略記,希望利於他人,僅供和我一樣剛入門的新手參考,一起學習。理論的東西就不多少了,直接上配置吧。


創建項目:

        這個就不多說了,直接百度,各種博客有很多,寫得都很詳細,但是要注意版本的問題,我懷疑之前我遇到的各種問題都和引入的spring之類的版本衝突有關,最好找發佈時間不長的教程。


目錄結構:

        先看看整個項目的目錄吧,目錄結構如下圖:


需要注意的就是:創建出來之後,目錄結構裏的main>java,test>java,test>resources都需要自己創建,可以直接在相應的文件夾上右鍵創建,也可以在file>project structure下創建,創建完directory之後需要右鍵mark as相應的文件夾。


        還有就是會遇到在src>main>java下創建同級包的時候會默認合併路徑,無法在一個包下創建同級包,按下圖操作,取消勾選Hide Empty Middle Packages即可。



引入maven依賴

        引入maven依賴需要注意的就是版本的統一管理,相關的包引入的版本最好能一致,保證兼容,將版本寫在<properties></properties>裏,然後再統一引用,既方便管理,又能避免很多問題,有點封裝的意思。我折騰了很久很可能就是版本是隨便選擇的,所以導致各種問題。引入的依賴如下:

<project xmlns="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
         xsi:schemaLocation="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0 http://maven.apache.org/maven-v4_0_0.xsd">
    <modelVersion>4.0.0</modelVersion>
    <groupId>demon</groupId>
    <artifactId>demon</artifactId>
    <packaging>war</packaging>
    <version>1.0-SNAPSHOT</version>
    <name>demon Maven Webapp</name>
    <url>http://maven.apache.org</url>
    <properties>
        <spring.version>4.0.2.RELEASE</spring.version>
        <mybatis.version>3.2.6</mybatis.version>
        <slf4j.version>1.7.7</slf4j.version>
        <log4j.version>1.2.17</log4j.version>
    </properties>
    <dependencies>
        <!--junit單元測試-->
        <dependency>
            <groupId>junit</groupId>
            <artifactId>junit</artifactId>
            <version>4.11</version>
            <scope>test</scope>
        </dependency>

        <!--spring相關的包-->
        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.springframework</groupId>
            <artifactId>spring-core</artifactId>
            <version>${spring.version}</version>
        </dependency>
        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.springframework</groupId>
            <artifactId>spring-web</artifactId>
            <version>${spring.version}</version>
        </dependency>
        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.springframework</groupId>
            <artifactId>spring-oxm</artifactId>
            <version>${spring.version}</version>
        </dependency>
        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.springframework</groupId>
            <artifactId>spring-tx</artifactId>
            <version>${spring.version}</version>
        </dependency>
        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.springframework</groupId>
            <artifactId>spring-jdbc</artifactId>
            <version>${spring.version}</version>
        </dependency>
        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.springframework</groupId>
            <artifactId>spring-webmvc</artifactId>
            <version>${spring.version}</version>
        </dependency>
        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.springframework</groupId>
            <artifactId>spring-aop</artifactId>
            <version>${spring.version}</version>
        </dependency>
        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.springframework</groupId>
            <artifactId>spring-context-support</artifactId>
            <version>${spring.version}</version>
        </dependency>
        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.springframework</groupId>
            <artifactId>spring-test</artifactId>
            <version>${spring.version}</version>
        </dependency>


        <!--mybatis相關的包-->
        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.mybatis</groupId>
            <artifactId>mybatis</artifactId>
            <version>${mybatis.version}</version>
        </dependency>
        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.mybatis</groupId>
            <artifactId>mybatis-spring</artifactId>
            <version>1.2.3</version>
        </dependency>


        <!--java ee-->
        <dependency>
            <groupId>javax</groupId>
            <artifactId>javaee-api</artifactId>
            <version>7.0</version>
        </dependency>


        <!--mysql-->
        <dependency>
            <groupId>mysql</groupId>
            <artifactId>mysql-connector-java</artifactId>
            <version>5.1.39</version>
        </dependency>
        <dependency>
            <groupId>commons-dbcp</groupId>
            <artifactId>commons-dbcp</artifactId>
            <version>1.2.2</version>
        </dependency>

        <dependency>
            <groupId>jstl</groupId>
            <artifactId>jstl</artifactId>
            <version>1.2</version>
        </dependency>


        <!--日誌管理的包-->
        <dependency>
            <groupId>log4j</groupId>
            <artifactId>log4j</artifactId>
            <version>${log4j.version}</version>
        </dependency>

        <dependency>
            <groupId>com.alibaba</groupId>
            <artifactId>fastjson</artifactId>
            <version>1.1.41</version>
        </dependency>

        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.slf4j</groupId>
            <artifactId>slf4j-api</artifactId>
            <version>${slf4j.version}</version>
        </dependency>
        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.slf4j</groupId>
            <artifactId>slf4j-log4j12</artifactId>
            <version>${slf4j.version}</version>
        </dependency>

        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.codehaus.jackson</groupId>
            <artifactId>jackson-mapper-asl</artifactId>
            <version>1.9.13</version>
        </dependency>

        <!--文件上傳組件-->
        <dependency>
            <groupId>commons-fileupload</groupId>
            <artifactId>commons-fileupload</artifactId>
            <version>1.3.1</version>
        </dependency>
        <dependency>
            <groupId>commons-io</groupId>
            <artifactId>commons-io</artifactId>
            <version>2.4</version>
        </dependency>
        <dependency>
            <groupId>commons-codec</groupId>
            <artifactId>commons-codec</artifactId>
            <version>1.9</version>
        </dependency>
        <dependency>
            <groupId>com.esotericsoftware.reflectasm</groupId>
            <artifactId>reflectasm</artifactId>
            <version>1.09</version>
        </dependency>

        <!--hibernate驗證框架-->
        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.hibernate</groupId>
            <artifactId>hibernate-validator</artifactId>
            <version>5.2.4.Final</version>
        </dependency>

        
    </dependencies>
    <build>
        <finalName>demon</finalName>
        <resources>
            <resource>
                <directory>src/main/java</directory>
                <includes>
                    <include>**/*.xml</include>
                </includes>
            </resource>
            <resource>
                <directory>src/main/resources</directory>
                <includes>
                    <include>*.xml</include>
                    <include>*.properties</include>
                </includes>
            </resource>
        </resources>
    </build>
</project>

以上就是maven依賴的包,<build></build>標籤裏的內容是將resources目錄和java目錄下的文件也加到項目路徑,因爲我啓動項目出現了mapper.xml,spring-mvc.xml文件無法加載的情況。


數據庫建表:

create table `test`.`user`(
`username` varchar(25) NOT NULL COMMENT `用戶名`,
`password` varchar(25) NOT NULL COMMENT `密碼`,
PRIMARYKEY(`username`)
)ENGINE=InnoDB DEFAULT CHARSET=utf8mb4 COMMENT `用戶信息表`;


創建pojo文件:

        在po包下創建UserPo.java文件,記得加上構造方法,以及默認的構造方法,代碼如下:

package com.demon.user.po;

/**
 * @author [email protected]
 * @date 2018/3/21 14:22
 */
public class UserPo {
    private String username;
    private String password;

    public UserPo(String username, String password) {
        this.username = username;
        this.password = password;
    }

    public UserPo() {
    }

    public String getUsername() {
        return username;
    }

    public void setUsername(String username) {
        this.username = username;
    }

    public String getPassword() {
        return password;
    }

    public void setPassword(String password) {
        this.password = password;
    }

    public String toString() {
        return "===== UserPo : [ username : " + username + ",  password : " + password + " ] =====";
    }
}


創建UserDao接口:

        創建UserDao.java接口,是接口,不是類!放與數據庫操作相關的方法:

package com.demon.user.dao;

import com.demon.user.po.UserPo;
import org.apache.ibatis.annotations.Param;
import org.springframework.stereotype.Repository;

/**
 * @author [email protected]
 * @date 2018/3/21 14:23
 */
@Repository
public interface UserDao {
    UserPo selectUserByUsername(@Param("username") String username);
}

記得給接口加上@Repository註解。


創建UserService接口:

        創建UserService.java,這個也是接口,不是方法,裏面放與業務邏輯。

package com.demon.user.service;

import com.demon.user.po.UserPo;

/**
 * @author [email protected]
 * @date 2018/3/21 14:26
 */
public interface UserService {
    public UserPo selectUserByUsername(String username);
}


創建UserServiceImpl類,實現UserService接口:

        創建UserServiceImpl類,實現UserService接口,記得加上@Service註解,不然spring配置文件不能創建bean。

package com.demon.user.service;

import com.demon.user.dao.UserDao;
import com.demon.user.po.UserPo;
import org.springframework.stereotype.Service;

import javax.annotation.Resource;

/**
 * @author [email protected]
 * @date 2018/3/21 14:27
 */
@Service
public class UserSeviceImpl implements UserService {
    @Resource
    private UserDao userDao;

    public UserPo selectUserByUsername(String username) {
        return userDao.selectUserByUsername(username);
    }
}

創建Controller.java文件:

        記得給類加上@Controller註解,還有@RequestMapping("")註解,不然會報錯,找不到controller。

package com.demon.user.controller;

import com.demon.user.po.UserPo;
import com.demon.user.service.UserService;
import org.apache.log4j.Logger;
import org.springframework.stereotype.Controller;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.RequestMapping;
import org.springframework.web.servlet.ModelAndView;

import javax.annotation.Resource;
import javax.servlet.http.HttpServletRequest;

/**
 * @author [email protected]
 * @date 2018/3/21 15:34
 */
@Controller
@RequestMapping("/user")
public class UserController {
    private static Logger logger = Logger.getLogger(UserController.class);

    @Resource
    private UserService userService;

    @RequestMapping("/showUser.do")
    public ModelAndView showUser(HttpServletRequest request) {
        String username = request.getParameter("username");
        UserPo userPo = userService.selectUserByUsername(username);
        if (userPo != null) {
            logger.info("====== request success.");
            request.setAttribute("username", username);
            return new ModelAndView("success", "message", username);
        } else {
            logger.info("====== request failed.");
            return new ModelAndView("failed", "message",
                    "request failed, try again!");
        }
    }
}


創建mybatis-user.xml映射文件:

        
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8" ?>
<!DOCTYPE mapper PUBLIC "-//mybatis.org//DTD Mapper 3.0//EN" "http://mybatis.org/dtd/mybatis-3-mapper.dtd" >

<mapper namespace="com.demon.user.dao.UserDao">
    <resultMap id="BaseResultMap" type="com.demon.user.po.UserPo">
        <result column="username" property="username" jdbcType="VARCHAR"/>
        <result column="password" property="password" jdbcType="VARCHAR"/>
    </resultMap>

    <select id="selectUserByUsername" resultMap="BaseResultMap" parameterType="java.lang.String">
        SELECT
            username,
            password
        FROM user
        WHERE username = #{username, jdbcType=VARCHAR}
    </select>
</mapper>

注意命名空間namespace的指向的包。


日誌管理:

        在src>main>resources下創建log4j.properties文件,主要是log4j的配置,記得創建一個存放日誌的file,更改日誌輸出的目標文件。

# 配置
log4j.rootLogger=debug,stdout,D,E
### 輸出信息到控制擡 ###
log4j.appender.stdout=org.apache.log4j.ConsoleAppender
log4j.appender.stdout.Target=System.out
log4j.appender.stdout.layout=org.apache.log4j.PatternLayout
log4j.appender.stdout.layout.ConversionPattern=[%-5p] %d{yyyy-MM-dd HH:mm:ss,SSS} method:%l%n%m%n
### 輸出DEBUG 級別以上的日誌到文件F://logs/debug.log ###
log4j.appender.D=org.apache.log4j.FileAppender
log4j.appender.D.File=F:/coquetry-demon/logs/debug.log
log4j.appender.D.Append=true
log4j.appender.D.Threshold=DEBUG
log4j.appender.D.layout=org.apache.log4j.PatternLayout
log4j.appender.D.layout.ConversionPattern=%d{yyyy-MM-dd HH:mm:ss}  [ %t:%r ] - [ %p ]  %m%n
### 輸出ERROR 級別以上的日誌到文件F://logs/error.log ###
log4j.appender.E=org.apache.log4j.FileAppender
log4j.appender.E.File=F:/coquetry-demon/logs/error.log
log4j.appender.E.Append=true
log4j.appender.E.Threshold=ERROR
log4j.appender.E.layout=org.apache.log4j.PatternLayout
log4j.appender.E.layout.ConversionPattern=%d{yyyy-MM-dd HH:mm:ss}  [ %t:%r ] - [ %p ]  %m%

數據庫屬性文件:

            將數據庫的用戶名,密碼等單獨放到jdbc.properties文件中,方便項目的移植和管理。

database.driver=com.mysql.jdbc.Driver
database.url=jdbc:mysql://localhost:3306/你的數據庫名
database.username=你的數據庫用戶名
database.password=你的數據庫密碼

整合spring-mybatis:

        創建spring-mybatis.xml配置文件:

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8" ?>
<beans xmlns="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans"
       xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
       xmlns:context="http://www.springframework.org/schema/context"
       xsi:schemaLocation="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans
	http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans/spring-beans-4.0.xsd
	http://www.springframework.org/schema/context
	http://www.springframework.org/schema/context/spring-context-4.0.xsd">

    <context:component-scan base-package="com.demon.user"/>

    <context:property-placeholder location="classpath:/jdbc.properties"/>
    <!--connect to database-->
    <bean id="jdbcDataSource" class="org.springframework.jdbc.datasource.DriverManagerDataSource">
        <property name="driverClassName" value="${database.driver}"/>
        <property name="url" value="${database.url}"/>
        <property name="username" value="${database.username}"/>
        <property name="password" value="${database.password}"/>
    </bean>

    <!--spring and mybatis configuration here-->
    <bean id="sqlSessionFactory" class="org.mybatis.spring.SqlSessionFactoryBean">
        <property name="dataSource" ref="jdbcDataSource"/>
        <property name="mapperLocations" value="classpath:com/demon/user/mapper/*.xml"/>
    </bean>

    <!--the package name where contains dao, enable auto scan-->
    <bean class="org.mybatis.spring.mapper.MapperScannerConfigurer">
        <property name="basePackage" value="com.demon.user.dao"/>
        <property name="sqlSessionFactoryBeanName" value="sqlSessionFactory"/>
    </bean>

    <!--transaction manager-->
    <!--
    <tx:annotation-driven transaction-manager="transactionManager"/>
    -->

    <!--add transaction operation-->
    <bean id="transactionManager" class="org.springframework.jdbc.datasource.DataSourceTransactionManager">
        <property name="dataSource" ref="jdbcDataSource"/>
    </bean>
</beans>


配置spring-mvc:

            創建spring-mvc.xml文件,配置spring mvc:

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<beans xmlns="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans"
       xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
       xmlns:context="http://www.springframework.org/schema/context"
       xmlns:mvc="http://www.springframework.org/schema/mvc"
       xsi:schemaLocation="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans
	http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans/spring-beans-3.1.xsd
	http://www.springframework.org/schema/context
	http://www.springframework.org/schema/context/spring-context-3.1.xsd
	http://www.springframework.org/schema/mvc
	http://www.springframework.org/schema/mvc/spring-mvc-4.0.xsd">

    <context:component-scan base-package="com.demon.user.controller"/>

    <mvc:annotation-driven/>

    <bean id="mappingJacksonHttpMessageConverter"
          class="org.springframework.http.converter.json.MappingJacksonHttpMessageConverter">
        <property name="supportedMediaTypes">
            <list>
                <value>text/html;charset=UTF-8</value>
            </list>
        </property>
    </bean>

    <!-- 啓動SpringMVC的註解功能,完成請求和註解POJO的映射 -->
    <bean
            class="org.springframework.web.servlet.mvc.annotation.AnnotationMethodHandlerAdapter">
        <property name="messageConverters">
            <list>
                <ref bean="mappingJacksonHttpMessageConverter"/>    <!-- JSON轉換器 -->
            </list>
        </property>
    </bean>

    <!-- 定義跳轉的文件的前後綴 ,視圖模式配置-->
    <bean class="org.springframework.web.servlet.view.InternalResourceViewResolver">
        <property name="viewClass" value="org.springframework.web.servlet.view.JstlView"/>
        <property name="prefix" value="/WEB-INF/jsp/"/>
        <property name="suffix" value=".jsp"/>
    </bean>

    <!--使用默認的Servlet來響應靜態文件-->
    <mvc:default-servlet-handler/>

    <!-- 配置文件上傳,如果沒有使用文件上傳可以不用配置,當然如果不配,那麼配置文件中也不必引入上傳組件包 -->
    <bean id="multipartResolver"
          class="org.springframework.web.multipart.commons.CommonsMultipartResolver">
        <!-- 默認編碼 -->
        <property name="defaultEncoding" value="utf-8"/>
        <!-- 文件大小最大值 -->
        <property name="maxUploadSize" value="10485760000"/>
        <!-- 內存中的最大值 -->
        <property name="maxInMemorySize" value="40960"/>
    </bean>
</beans>

配置web.xml:

        這個就是要注意<servlet-mapping></servlet-mapping>攔截器的配置,這裏會產生很多錯誤。

<!DOCTYPE web-app PUBLIC
        "-//Sun Microsystems, Inc.//DTD Web Application 2.3//EN"
        "http://java.sun.com/dtd/web-app_2_3.dtd" >

<web-app>
    <display-name>Archetype Created Web Application</display-name>

    <welcome-file-list>
        <welcome-file>index.jsp</welcome-file>
    </welcome-file-list>

    <session-config>
        <session-timeout>60</session-timeout>
    </session-config>

    <filter>
        <filter-name>encode</filter-name>
        <filter-class>org.springframework.web.filter.CharacterEncodingFilter</filter-class>
        <init-param>
            <param-name>encoding</param-name>
            <param-value>utf-8</param-value>
        </init-param>
    </filter>
    <filter-mapping>
        <filter-name>encode</filter-name>
        <url-pattern>/*</url-pattern>
    </filter-mapping>

    <context-param>
        <param-name>log4jConfigLocation</param-name>
        <param-value>classpath:log4j.properties</param-value>
    </context-param>
    <listener>
        <listener-class>org.springframework.web.util.Log4jConfigListener</listener-class>
    </listener>

    <context-param>
        <param-name>contextConfigLocation</param-name>
        <param-value>classpath:spring-mybatis.xml</param-value>
    </context-param>

    <!-- Spring監聽器 -->
    <listener>
        <listener-class>org.springframework.web.context.ContextLoaderListener</listener-class>
    </listener>

    <!-- 防止Spring內存溢出監聽器 -->
    <listener>
        <listener-class>org.springframework.web.util.IntrospectorCleanupListener</listener-class>
    </listener>

    <!--RequestContextListener將Spring容器與Web容器結合的更加密切。這是可選配置-->
    <listener>
        <listener-class>
            org.springframework.web.context.request.RequestContextListener
        </listener-class>
    </listener>

    <servlet>
        <servlet-name>springmvc</servlet-name>
        <servlet-class>org.springframework.web.servlet.DispatcherServlet</servlet-class>
        <init-param>
            <param-name>contextConfigLocation</param-name>
            <param-value>classpath:spring-mvc.xml</param-value>
        </init-param>
        <load-on-startup>1</load-on-startup>
    </servlet>
    <servlet-mapping>
        <servlet-name>springmvc</servlet-name>
        <url-pattern>*.do</url-pattern>
    </servlet-mapping>
</web-app>

到這裏三大框架整合完畢了,主要是配置文件容易出錯。


mybatis測試:

        在test>java下建一個包,然後建立一個MybatisTest.java的測試類,測試一下能不能從數據庫裏讀出信息。

package com.demon.test;

import com.demon.user.po.UserPo;
import com.demon.user.service.UserService;
import org.apache.log4j.Logger;
import org.junit.Test;
import org.junit.runner.RunWith;
import org.springframework.test.context.ContextConfiguration;
import org.springframework.test.context.junit4.SpringJUnit4ClassRunner;

import javax.annotation.Resource;

/**
 * @author [email protected]
 * @date 2018/3/21 15:00
 */
@RunWith(SpringJUnit4ClassRunner.class)
@ContextConfiguration(locations = {"classpath:spring-mvc.xml", "classpath:spring-mybatis.xml"})
public class MybatisTest {
    private static Logger logger = Logger.getLogger(MybatisTest.class);

    @Resource
    private UserService userService;

    @Test
    public void selectUserByUsernameTest() {
        String username = "admin1";
        UserPo userPo = userService.selectUserByUsername(username);
        if (userPo != null) {
            logger.info("======= Test Result =======\n");
            logger.info(userPo.toString());
            logger.info("=======  Result End =======\n");
        }
    }
}

如果能在日誌裏找到輸出信息,那恭喜,mybatis沒問題,如果有錯,那就查日誌,然後去各種百度吧,好事多磨,放平心態。。


jsp頁面:

        簡單的測試頁面:

index.jsp:

<%--
  Created by IntelliJ IDEA.
  User: zhulongkun
  Date: 2018/3/21
  Time: 13:25
  To change this template use File | Settings | File Templates.
--%>
<%@ page contentType="text/html;charset=UTF-8" language="java" %>
<html>
<head>
    <title>歡迎訪問</title>
</head>
<body>
<%
    String path = request.getContextPath();
%>
<div align="center">
    <form action="<%=path%>/user/showUser.do" method="post">
        <p>歡迎你的訪問, 請輸入個人信息</p>
        <hr/>
        <p>
            <label>
                <input type="text" name="username" width="300px" height="45px"/>
            </label>
        </p>
        <p>
            <input type="submit" value="提交" width="100px" height="45px"/></p>
    </form>
</div>
</body>
</html>


請求成功則跳轉到success.jsp:

<%@ page import="com.demon.user.po.UserPo" %><%--
  Created by IntelliJ IDEA.
  User: zhulongkun
  Date: 2018/3/21
  Time: 15:44
  To change this template use File | Settings | File Templates.
--%>
<%@ page contentType="text/html;charset=UTF-8" language="java" %>
<html>
<head>
    <title>request success</title>
</head>
<body>
<%
    String username = (String) request.getAttribute("username");
%>
<div align="center">
    <p>
    <h1>welcome <%=username%> !</h1
</div>
</body>
</html>

如果請求失敗,則跳轉到failed.jsp:

<%--
  Created by IntelliJ IDEA.
  User: zhulongkun
  Date: 2018/3/21
  Time: 15:45
  To change this template use File | Settings | File Templates.
--%>
<%@ page contentType="text/html;charset=UTF-8" language="java" %>
<html>
<head>
    <title>request failed</title>
</head>
<body>
<div align="center">
    <h1>request failed, try again, please.</h1>
</div>
</body>
</html>

看似簡單,卻折騰了幾天,很多次感到絕望,但是不修bug,人生還有什麼意義?要不斷的找原因,不斷地改錯,才能不斷地進步,也算是一點心得吧!

以上です!

發佈了51 篇原創文章 · 獲贊 45 · 訪問量 13萬+
發表評論
所有評論
還沒有人評論,想成為第一個評論的人麼? 請在上方評論欄輸入並且點擊發布.
相關文章