22：參數錯誤，比如ip地址不合法，沒有目標端口等
101：網絡不可達，比如不能ping通
111：鏈接被拒絕，比如目標關閉鏈接等
115：當鏈接設置爲非阻塞時，目標沒有及時應答，返回此錯誤，socket可以繼續使用
附錄：Linux的錯誤碼錶（errno table)
_ 124 EMEDIUMTYPE_ Wrong medium type
_ 123 ENOMEDIUM__ No medium found
_ 122 EDQUOT___ Disk quota exceeded
_ 121 EREMOTEIO__ Remote I/O error
_ 120 EISNAM___ Is a named type file
_ 119 ENAVAIL___ No XENIX semaphores available
_ 118 ENOTNAM___ Not a XENIX named type file
_ 117 EUCLEAN___ Structure needs cleaning
_ 116 ESTALE___ Stale NFS file handle
_ 115 EINPROGRESS +Operation now in progress
_ 114 EALREADY__ Operation already in progress
_ 113 EHOSTUNREACH No route to host
_ 112 EHOSTDOWN__ Host is down
_ 111 ECONNREFUSED Connection refused
_ 110 ETIMEDOUT_ +Connection timed out
_ 109 ETOOMANYREFS Too many references: cannot splice
_ 108 ESHUTDOWN__ Cannot send after transport endpoint shutdown
_ 107 ENOTCONN__ Transport endpoint is not connected
_ 106 EISCONN___ Transport endpoint is already connected
_ 105 ENOBUFS___ No buffer space available
_ 104 ECONNRESET_ Connection reset by peer
_ 103 ECONNABORTED Software caused connection abort
_ 102 ENETRESET__ Network dropped connection on reset
_ 101 ENETUNREACH_ Network is unreachable
_ 100 ENETDOWN__ Network is down
_ 99 EADDRNOTAVAIL Cannot assign requested address
_ 98 EADDRINUSE_ Address already in use
_ 97 EAFNOSUPPORT Address family not supported by protocol
_ 96 EPFNOSUPPORT Protocol family not supported
_ 95 EOPNOTSUPP_ Operation not supported
_ 94 ESOCKTNOSUPPORT Socket type not supported
_ 93 EPROTONOSUPPORT Protocol not supported
_ 92 ENOPROTOOPT_ Protocol not available
_ 91 EPROTOTYPE_ Protocol wrong type for socket
_ 90 EMSGSIZE__ +Message too long
_ 89 EDESTADDRREQ Destination address required
_ 88 ENOTSOCK__ Socket operation on non-socket
_ 87 EUSERS___ Too many users
_ 86 ESTRPIPE__ Streams pipe error
_ 85 ERESTART__ Interrupted system call should be restarted
_ 84 EILSEQ___ Invalid or incomplete multibyte or wide character
_ 83 ELIBEXEC__ Cannot exec a shared library directly
_ 82 ELIBMAX___ Attempting to link in too many shared libraries
_ 81 ELIBSCN___ .lib section in a.out corrupted
_ 80 ELIBBAD___ Accessing a corrupted shared library
_ 79 ELIBACC___ Can not access a needed shared library
_ 78 EREMCHG___ Remote address changed
_ 77 EBADFD___ File descriptor in bad state
_ 76 ENOTUNIQ__ Name not unique on network
_ 75 EOVERFLOW__ Value too large for defined data type
_ 74 EBADMSG__ +Bad message
_ 73 EDOTDOT___ RFS specific error
_ 72 EMULTIHOP__ Multihop attempted
_ 71 EPROTO___ Protocol error
_ 70 ECOMM____ Communication error on send
_ 69 ESRMNT___ Srmount error
_ 68 EADV____ Advertise error
_ 67 ENOLINK___ Link has been severed
_ 66 EREMOTE___ Object is remote
_ 65 ENOPKG___ Package not installed
_ 64 ENONET___ Machine is not on the network
_ 63 ENOSR____ Out of streams resources
_ 62 ETIME____ Timer expired
_ 61 ENODATA___ No data available
_ 60 ENOSTR___ Device not a stream
_ 59 EBFONT___ Bad font file format
_ 57 EBADSLT___ Invalid slot
_ 56 EBADRQC___ Invalid request code
_ 55 ENOANO___ No anode
_ 54 EXFULL___ Exchange full
_ 53 EBADR____ Invalid request descriptor
_ 52 EBADE____ Invalid exchange
_ 51 EL2HLT___ Level 2 halted
_ 50 ENOCSI___ No CSI structure available
_ 49 EUNATCH___ Protocol driver not attached
_ 48 ELNRNG___ Link number out of range
_ 47 EL3RST___ Level 3 reset
_ 46 EL3HLT___ Level 3 halted
_ 45 EL2NSYNC__ Level 2 not synchronized
_ 44 ECHRNG___ Channel number out of range
_ 43 EIDRM____ Identifier removed
_ 42 ENOMSG___ No message of desired type
_ 40 ELOOP____ Too many levels of symbolic links
_ 39 ENOTEMPTY_ +Directory not empty
_ 38 ENOSYS___ +Function not implemented
_ 37 ENOLCK___ +No locks available
_ 36 ENAMETOOLONG +File name too long
_ 35 EDEADLK__ +Resource deadlock avoided
_ 34 ERANGE___ +Numerical result out of range
_ 33 EDOM____ +Numerical argument out of domain
_ 32 EPIPE___ +Broken pipe
_ 31 EMLINK___ +Too many links
_ 30 EROFS___ +Read-only file system
_ 29 ESPIPE___ +Illegal seek
_ 28 ENOSPC___ +No space left on device
_ 27 EFBIG___ +File too large
_ 26 ETXTBSY___ Text file busy
_ 25 ENOTTY___ +Inappropriate ioctl for device
_ 24 EMFILE___ +Too many open files
_ 23 ENFILE___ +Too many open files in system
_ 22 EINVAL___ +Invalid argument
_ 21 EISDIR___ +Is a directory
_ 20 ENOTDIR__ +Not a directory
_ 19 ENODEV___ +No such device
_ 18 EXDEV___ +Invalid cross-device link
_ 17 EEXIST___ +File exists
_ 16 EBUSY___ +Device or resource busy
_ 15 ENOTBLK___ Block device required
_ 14 EFAULT___ +Bad address
_ 13 EACCES___ +Permission denied
_ 12 ENOMEM___ +Cannot allocate memory
_ 11 EAGAIN___ +Resource temporarily unavailable
_ 10 ECHILD___ +No child processes
__ 9 EBADF___ +Bad file descriptor
__ 8 ENOEXEC__ +Exec format error
__ 7 E2BIG___ +Argument list too long
__ 6 ENXIO___ +No such device or address
__ 5 EIO____ +Input/output error
__ 4 EINTR___ +Interrupted system call
__ 3 ESRCH___ +No such process
__ 2 ENOENT___ +No such file or directory
__ 1 EPERM___ +Operation not permitted
#_ 0 --_____ Success
附錄參考 http://fanqiang.chinaunix.net/a4/b7/20010913/0900001283.html
摘要：
討論關於利用select()檢測對方Socket關閉的問題：
仍然是本地Socket有東東可讀，因爲對方Socket關閉時，會發一個關閉連接
通知報文，會馬上被select()檢測到的。關於TCP的連接（三次握手）和關
閉（二次握手）機制，敬請參考有關TCP/IP的書籍。
不知是什麼原因，UNIX好象沒有提供通知進程關於Socket或Pipe對方關閉的
信號，也可能是cpu所知有限。總之，當對方關閉，一執行recv()或read()，
馬上回返回-1，此時全局變量errno的值是115，相應的sys_errlist[errno]
爲"Connect refused"（請參考/usr/include/sys/errno.h）。所以，在上
篇的for(;;)...select()程序塊中，當有東西可讀時，一定要檢查recv()或
read()的返回值，返回-1時要作出關斷本地Socket的處理，否則select()會
一直認爲有東西讀，其結果曾幾令cpu傷心欲斷針腳。不信你可以試試：不檢
查recv()返回結果，且將收到的東東（實際沒收到）寫至標準輸出...
在有名管道的編程中也有類似問題出現。具體處理詳見拙作：發佈一個有用
的Socket客戶方原碼。
至於主動寫Socket時對方突然關閉的處理則可以簡單地捕捉信號SIGPIPE並作
出相應關斷本地Socket等等的處理。SIGPIPE的解釋是：寫入無讀者方的管道。
在此不作贅述，請詳man signal。
以上是cpu在作tcp/ip數據傳輸實驗積累的經驗，若有錯漏，請狂炮擊之。
唉，昨天在hacker區被一幫孫子轟得差點兒沒短路。ren cpu(奔騰的心) z80
補充關於select在異步(非阻塞)connect中的應用,剛開始搞socket編程的時候
我一直都用阻塞式的connect,非阻塞connect的問題是由於當時搞proxy scan
而提出的呵呵
通過在網上與網友們的交流及查找相關FAQ,總算知道了怎麼解決這一問題.同樣
用select可以很好地解決這一問題.大致過程是這樣的:
1.將打開的socket設爲非阻塞的,可以用fcntl(socket, F_SETFL, O_NDELAY)完
成(有的系統用FNEDLAY也可).
2.發connect調用,這時返回-1,但是errno被設爲EINPROGRESS,意即connect仍舊
在進行還沒有完成.
3.將打開的socket設進被監視的可寫(注意不是可讀)文件集合用select進行監視,
如果可寫,用
getsockopt(socket, SOL_SOCKET, SO_ERROR, &error, sizeof(int));
來得到error的值,如果爲零,則connect成功.
在許多unix版本的proxyscan程序你都可以看到類似的過程,另外在solaris精華
區->編程技巧中有一個通用的帶超時參數的connect模塊.
