using System;
using System.Web;
using System.Xml;
using System.Collections;
using System.Net;
using System.Text;
using System.IO;
using System.Xml.Serialization;
//By huangz 2008-3-19
/**//// <summary>
/// 利用WebRequest/WebResponse進行WebService調用的類,By 同濟黃正 http://hz932.ys168.com 2008-3-19
/// </summary>
public class WebSvcCaller
{
//<webServices>
// <protocols>
// <add name="HttpGet"/>
// <add name="HttpPost"/>
// </protocols>
//</webServices>
private static Hashtable _xmlNamespaces = new Hashtable();//緩存xmlNamespace,避免重複調用GetNamespace
/**//// <summary>
/// 需要WebService支持Post調用
/// </summary>
public static XmlDocument QueryPostWebService(String URL , String MethodName , Hashtable Pars)
{
HttpWebRequest request = (HttpWebRequest)HttpWebRequest.Create(URL + "/" + MethodName);
request.Method = "POST";
request.ContentType = "application/x-www-form-urlencoded";
SetWebRequest(request);
byte[] data = EncodePars(Pars);
WriteRequestData(request , data);
return ReadXmlResponse(request.GetResponse());
}
/**//// <summary>
/// 需要WebService支持Get調用
/// </summary>
public static XmlDocument QueryGetWebService(String URL , String MethodName , Hashtable Pars)
{
HttpWebRequest request = (HttpWebRequest)HttpWebRequest.Create(URL + "/" + MethodName + "?" + ParsToString(Pars));
request.Method = "GET";
request.ContentType = "application/x-www-form-urlencoded";
SetWebRequest(request);
return ReadXmlResponse(request.GetResponse());
}
/**//// <summary>
/// 通用WebService調用(Soap),參數Pars爲String類型的參數名、參數值
/// </summary>
public static XmlDocument QuerySoapWebService(String URL , String MethodName , Hashtable Pars)
{
if (_xmlNamespaces.ContainsKey(URL))
{
return QuerySoapWebService(URL , MethodName , Pars , _xmlNamespaces[URL].ToString());
}
else
{
return QuerySoapWebService(URL , MethodName , Pars ,GetNamespace(URL));
}
}
private static XmlDocument QuerySoapWebService(String URL , String MethodName , Hashtable Pars , string XmlNs)
{ //By 同濟黃正 http://hz932.ys168.com 2008-3-19
_xmlNamespaces[URL] = XmlNs;//加入緩存,提高效率
HttpWebRequest request = (HttpWebRequest)HttpWebRequest.Create(URL);
request.Method = "POST";
request.ContentType = "text/xml; charset=utf-8";
request.Headers.Add("SOAPAction" , "\"" + XmlNs + (XmlNs.EndsWith("/") ? "" : "/") + MethodName + "\"");
SetWebRequest(request);
byte[] data = EncodeParsToSoap(Pars , XmlNs , MethodName);
WriteRequestData(request , data);
XmlDocument doc = new XmlDocument() , doc2 = new XmlDocument();
doc = ReadXmlResponse(request.GetResponse());
XmlNamespaceManager mgr = new XmlNamespaceManager(doc.NameTable);
mgr.AddNamespace("soap" , "http://schemas.xmlsoap.org/soap/envelope/");
String RetXml = doc.SelectSingleNode("//soap:Body/*/*" , mgr).InnerXml;
doc2.LoadXml("<root>" + RetXml + "</root>");
AddDelaration(doc2);
return doc2;
}
private static string GetNamespace(String URL)
{
HttpWebRequest request = (HttpWebRequest)WebRequest.Create(URL + "?WSDL");
SetWebRequest(request);
WebResponse response = request.GetResponse();
StreamReader sr = new StreamReader(response.GetResponseStream() , Encoding.UTF8);
XmlDocument doc = new XmlDocument();
doc.LoadXml(sr.ReadToEnd());
sr.Close();
return doc.SelectSingleNode("//@targetNamespace").Value;
}
private static byte[] EncodeParsToSoap(Hashtable Pars , String XmlNs , String MethodName)
{
XmlDocument doc = new XmlDocument();
doc.LoadXml("<soap:Envelope xmlns:xsi=\"http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance\" xmlns:xsd=\"http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema\" xmlns:soap=\"http://schemas.xmlsoap.org/soap/envelope/\"></soap:Envelope>");
AddDelaration(doc);
XmlElement soapBody = doc.CreateElement("soap" , "Body" , "http://schemas.xmlsoap.org/soap/envelope/");
XmlElement soapMethod = doc.CreateElement(MethodName);
soapMethod.SetAttribute("xmlns" , XmlNs);
foreach (string k in Pars.Keys)
{
XmlElement soapPar = doc.CreateElement(k);
soapPar.InnerXml = ObjectToSoapXml(Pars[k]);
soapMethod.AppendChild(soapPar);
}
soapBody.AppendChild(soapMethod);
doc.DocumentElement.AppendChild(soapBody);
return Encoding.UTF8.GetBytes(doc.OuterXml);
}
private static string ObjectToSoapXml(object o)
{
XmlSerializer mySerializer = new XmlSerializer(o.GetType());
MemoryStream ms=new MemoryStream();
mySerializer.Serialize(ms,o);
XmlDocument doc=new XmlDocument();
doc.LoadXml(Encoding.UTF8.GetString(ms.ToArray()));
if(doc.DocumentElement !=null)
{
return doc.DocumentElement.InnerXml ;
}
else
{
return o.ToString();
}
}
private static void SetWebRequest(HttpWebRequest request)
{
request.Credentials = CredentialCache.DefaultCredentials;
request.Timeout = 10000;
}
private static void WriteRequestData(HttpWebRequest request , byte[] data)
{
request.ContentLength = data.Length;
Stream writer = request.GetRequestStream();
writer.Write(data , 0 , data.Length);
writer.Close();
}
private static byte[] EncodePars(Hashtable Pars)
{
return Encoding.UTF8.GetBytes(ParsToString(Pars));
}
private static String ParsToString(Hashtable Pars)
{
StringBuilder sb = new StringBuilder();
foreach (string k in Pars.Keys)
{
if (sb.Length > 0)
{
sb.Append("&");
}
sb.Append(HttpUtility.UrlEncode(k) + "=" + HttpUtility.UrlEncode(Pars[k].ToString()));
}
return sb.ToString();
}
private static XmlDocument ReadXmlResponse(WebResponse response)
{
StreamReader sr = new StreamReader(response.GetResponseStream() , Encoding.UTF8);
String retXml = sr.ReadToEnd();
sr.Close();
XmlDocument doc = new XmlDocument();
doc.LoadXml(retXml);
return doc;
}
private static void AddDelaration(XmlDocument doc)
{
XmlDeclaration decl = doc.CreateXmlDeclaration("1.0" , "utf-8" , null);
doc.InsertBefore(decl , doc.DocumentElement);
}
}
這個類有三個公用的方法:QuerySoapWebService爲通用的採用Soap方式調用WebService,QueryGetWebService採用GET方式調用,QueryPostWebService採用POST方式調用,後兩個方法需要WebService服務器支持相應的調用方式。三個方法的參數和返回值相同:URL爲Webservice的Url地址(以.asmx結尾的);MethodName爲要調用的方法名稱;Pars爲參數表,它的Key爲參數名稱,Value爲要傳遞的參數的值,Value可爲任意對象,前提是這個對象可以被xml序列化。注意方法名稱、參數名稱、參數個數必須完全匹配才能正確調用。第一次以Soap方式調用時,因爲需要查詢WSDL獲取xmlns,因此需要時間相對長些,第二次調用不用再讀WSDL,直接從緩存讀取。這三個方法的返回值均爲XmlDocument對象,這個返回的對象可以進行各種靈活的操作。最常用的一個SelectSingleNode方法,可以讓你一步定位到Xml的任何節點,再讀取它的文本或屬性。也可以直接調用Save保存到磁盤。採用Soap方式調用時,根結點名稱固定爲root。
這個類主要是利用了WebRequest/WebResponse來完成各種網絡查詢操作。爲了精簡明瞭,這個類中沒有添加錯誤處理,需要在調用的地方設置異常捕獲。
下面是一個調用實例:
protected void Page_Load(object sender , EventArgs e)
{
try
{
Hashtable pars = new Hashtable();
String Url = "http://www.260dns.cn/Services/Weather.asmx";
pars["city"] = "上海";
pars["wdate"]="2008-3-19";
XmlDocument doc = WebSvcCaller.QuerySoapWebService(Url , "GetWeather" , pars);
Response.Write(doc.OuterXml);
}
catch (Exception ex)
{
Response.Write(ex.Message);
}
}