1. 通过Mockito.mock()来创建假对象
package com.example.demo.mock.controller;
import com.example.demo.junit.spring.service.JunitDemoService;
import com.example.demo.mock.service.MockDemoService;
import com.example.demo.mock.service.MockDemoServiceImpl;
import org.junit.Assert;
import org.junit.Before;
import org.junit.Test;
import org.junit.runner.RunWith;
import org.mockito.*;
import org.springframework.boot.test.mock.mockito.MockBean;
/**
* Junit演示服务
*
* @ClassName JunitDemoService
* @Author zhaoguang
* @Date 2019/12/14
* @Version 1.0
*/
public class MockDemoServiceTest {
private MockDemoService mockDemoService;
@Before
public void init() {
mockDemoService = Mockito.mock(MockDemoService.class);
}
@Test
public void testAdd() {
Mockito.when(mockDemoService.add(1,2)).thenReturn(3);
Assert.assertEquals(3, mockDemoService.add(1, 2));
}
}
注意,这种写法是可以对接口进行mock的。
2. 通过@Mock注解创建假对象
package com.example.demo.mock.controller;
import com.example.demo.junit.spring.service.JunitDemoService;
import com.example.demo.mock.service.MockDemoService;
import com.example.demo.mock.service.MockDemoServiceImpl;
import org.junit.Assert;
import org.junit.Before;
import org.junit.Test;
import org.junit.runner.RunWith;
import org.mockito.*;
import org.mockito.junit.MockitoJUnitRunner;
import org.springframework.boot.test.mock.mockito.MockBean;
/**
* Junit演示服务
*
* @ClassName JunitDemoService
* @Author zhaoguang
* @Date 2019/12/14
* @Version 1.0
*/
@RunWith(MockitoJUnitRunner.class)
public class MockDemoServiceTest {
@Mock
private MockDemoService mockDemoService;
@Test
public void testAdd() {
Mockito.when(mockDemoService.add(1,2)).thenReturn(3);
Assert.assertEquals(3, mockDemoService.add(1, 2));
}
}
注意,@Mock注解是mockito(不是junit)提供的,所以需要通过@RunWith注解来指定运行环境是Mockito。
或者,也可以这样写:
package com.example.demo.mock.controller;
import com.example.demo.junit.spring.service.JunitDemoService;
import com.example.demo.mock.service.MockDemoService;
import com.example.demo.mock.service.MockDemoServiceImpl;
import org.junit.Assert;
import org.junit.Before;
import org.junit.Test;
import org.junit.runner.RunWith;
import org.mockito.*;
import org.springframework.boot.test.mock.mockito.MockBean;
import org.springframework.test.context.junit4.SpringRunner;
/**
* Junit演示服务
*
* @ClassName JunitDemoService
* @Author zhaoguang
* @Date 2019/12/14
* @Version 1.0
*/
public class MockDemoServiceTest {
@Mock
private MockDemoService mockDemoService;
@Before
public void init() {
MockitoAnnotations.initMocks(this);
}
@Test
public void testAdd() {
Mockito.when(mockDemoService.add(1,2)).thenReturn(3);
Assert.assertEquals(3, mockDemoService.add(1, 2));
}
}
3.通过@MockBean注解创建假对象
package com.example.demo.mock.controller;
import com.example.demo.junit.spring.service.JunitDemoService;
import com.example.demo.mock.service.MockDemoService;
import com.example.demo.mock.service.MockDemoServiceImpl;
import org.junit.Assert;
import org.junit.Before;
import org.junit.Test;
import org.junit.runner.RunWith;
import org.mockito.*;
import org.mockito.junit.MockitoJUnitRunner;
import org.springframework.boot.test.mock.mockito.MockBean;
import org.springframework.test.context.junit4.SpringRunner;
/**
* Junit演示服务
*
* @ClassName JunitDemoService
* @Author zhaoguang
* @Date 2019/12/14
* @Version 1.0
*/
@RunWith(SpringRunner.class)
public class MockDemoServiceTest {
@MockBean
private MockDemoService mockDemoService;
@Test
public void testAdd() {
Mockito.when(mockDemoService.add(1,2)).thenReturn(3);
Assert.assertEquals(3, mockDemoService.add(1, 2));
}
}
注意,@MockBean注解是SpringBoot(不是mockito)提供的,所以需要通过@RunWith注解指定运行环境为Spring。
4. @InjectMocks注解用于创建被依赖的假对象
在实际的代码中,往往不可能只测试没有任何依赖的类,大多数场景中都至少是A依赖B的关系.我们要测试A时,就需要对B进行Mock。像这样写就可以了:
@InjectMocks
private B b;
@Mock
private A a;
扩展内容
@RunWith注解是Junit提供的用于指定单元测试运行环境的。参数value的值必须是继承了org.junit.runner.Runner类的一个实现类。Runner的家族图谱如下: