shiro與spring整合

擼了今年阿里、頭條和美團的面試，我有一個重要發現.......>>>

#shiro與spring整合

Apache shiro 是一個強大並且靈活的java安全框架，他的幾個核心功能包括：身份認證、權限管理、加密、session管理。

下面總結一下shiro和spring的整合。 ##相關jar包

我一般喜歡用maven或者gradle來管理項目，下面介紹一下使用maven來管理jar包：

<dependency>
	<groupId>org.apache.shiro</groupId>
	<artifactId>shiro-core</artifactId>
	<version>1.2.4</version>
</dependency>

<dependency>
	<groupId>org.apache.shiro</groupId>
	<artifactId>shiro-web</artifactId>
	<version>1.2.4</version>
</dependency>

<dependency>
	<groupId>org.apache.shiro</groupId>
	<artifactId>shiro-spring</artifactId>
	<version>1.2.4</version>
</dependency>

這裏用的版本是1.2.4，你也可以去http://mvnrepository.com/這個網站搜索最新的版本，shiro的版本更新還是挺快的。 ##web.xml中配置 在shiro1.2或者更新的版本中，在web.xml中標準的web項目初始化shiro用下面的xml：

<listener>
    <listener-class>org.apache.shiro.web.env.EnvironmentLoaderListener</listener-class>
</listener>

...

<filter>
    <filter-name>ShiroFilter</filter-name>
    <filter-class>org.apache.shiro.web.servlet.ShiroFilter</filter-class>
</filter>

<filter-mapping>
    <filter-name>ShiroFilter</filter-name>
    <url-pattern>/*</url-pattern>
    <dispatcher>REQUEST</dispatcher> 
    <dispatcher>FORWARD</dispatcher> 
    <dispatcher>INCLUDE</dispatcher> 
    <dispatcher>ERROR</dispatcher>
</filter-mapping>

shiro或者更早的版本查閱官方文檔。

注意上面的配置是標準模式下，但是在要想和spring整合，web.xml中的配置如下：

<!-- The filter-name matches name of a 'shiroFilter' bean inside applicationContext.xml -->
<filter>
    <filter-name>shiroFilter</filter-name>
    <filter-class>org.springframework.web.filter.DelegatingFilterProxy</filter-class>
    <!-- 該值缺省爲false,表示生命週期由SpringApplicationContext管理,設置爲true則表示由ServletContainer管理 -->  
    <init-param>
        <param-name>targetFilterLifecycle</param-name>
        <param-value>true</param-value>
    </init-param>
</filter>

...

<!-- Make sure any request you want accessible to Shiro is filtered. /* catches all -->
<!-- requests.  Usually this filter mapping is defined first (before all others) to -->
<!-- ensure that Shiro works in subsequent filters in the filter chain:             -->
<filter-mapping>
    <filter-name>shiroFilter</filter-name>
    <url-pattern>/*</url-pattern>
</filter-mapping>

##applicationContext.xml中配置

applicationContext.xml是spring的配置文件，我們需要定義一個SecurityManager和一個叫做shiroFilter的bean，這個shiroFilter要和web.xml中shiroFilter名字一樣。

下面是官方給的一個例子：

<bean id="shiroFilter" class="org.apache.shiro.spring.web.ShiroFilterFactoryBean">
	<!-- Shiro的核心安全接口,這個屬性是必須的 -->  
    <property name="securityManager" ref="securityManager"/>
    <!-- override these for application-specific URLs if you like:
    <property name="loginUrl" value="/login.jsp"/>
    <property name="successUrl" value="/home.jsp"/>
    <property name="unauthorizedUrl" value="/unauthorized.jsp"/> -->
    <!-- The 'filters' property is not necessary since any declared javax.servlet.Filter bean  -->
    <!-- defined will be automatically acquired and available via its beanName in chain        -->
    <!-- definitions, but you can perform instance overrides or name aliases here if you like: -->
    <!-- <property name="filters">
        <util:map>
            <entry key="anAlias" value-ref="someFilter"/>
        </util:map>
    </property> -->
    <!-- Shiro連接約束配置,即過濾鏈的定義 --> 
    <property name="filterChainDefinitions">
        <value>
            # some example chain definitions:
            /admin/** = authc, roles[admin]
            /docs/** = authc, perms[document:read]
            /** = authc
            # more URL-to-FilterChain definitions here
        </value>
    </property>
</bean>

<!-- Define any javax.servlet.Filter beans you want anywhere in this application context.   -->
<!-- They will automatically be acquired by the 'shiroFilter' bean above and made available -->
<!-- to the 'filterChainDefinitions' property.  Or you can manually/explicitly add them     -->
<!-- to the shiroFilter's 'filters' Map if desired. See its JavaDoc for more details.       -->
<bean id="someFilter" class="..."/>
<bean id="anotherFilter" class="..."> ... </bean>
...

<bean id="securityManager" class="org.apache.shiro.web.mgt.DefaultWebSecurityManager">
    <!-- Single realm app.  If you have multiple realms, use the 'realms' property instead. -->
    <property name="realm" ref="myRealm"/>
    <!-- By default the servlet container sessions will be used.  Uncomment this line
         to use shiro's native sessions (see the JavaDoc for more): -->
    <!-- <property name="sessionMode" value="native"/> -->
</bean>
<bean id="lifecycleBeanPostProcessor" class="org.apache.shiro.spring.LifecycleBeanPostProcessor"/>

<!-- Define the Shiro Realm implementation you want to use to connect to your back-end -->
<!-- 自定義Realm -->
<bean id="myRealm" class="...">
...
</bean>

如果想使用shiro的註解支持，添加下面的bean:

<!-- Enable Shiro Annotations for Spring-configured beans.  Only run after -->
<!-- the lifecycleBeanProcessor has run: -->
<bean class="org.springframework.aop.framework.autoproxy.DefaultAdvisorAutoProxyCreator" depends-on="lifecycleBeanPostProcessor"/>
<bean class="org.apache.shiro.spring.security.interceptor.AuthorizationAttributeSourceAdvisor">
    <property name="securityManager" ref="securityManager"/>
</bean>

##自定義realm

自定義的realm類我們一般繼承AuthorizingRealm，然後重寫doGetAuthorizationInfo和doGetAuthenticationInfo這兩個方法。

1.doGetAuthorizationInfo方法是爲當前登錄的用戶授予角色和權

2.doGetAuthenticationInfo方法是驗證當前登錄的用戶

這樣就整合完畢了。