Swift——IOS學習雜記（一）

經過20天左右的學習實踐，對swift的部分內容有了一定的瞭解。下面結合自己所做的項目將這些天所學的內容進行總結。本人第一次寫博客，可能寫的比較亂。

1.Swift~UI詳解

對於swift~UI詳解，本人主要參考的網址網址爲：http://blog.csdn.net/ziyikongfu/article/details/38384307上面詳細介紹了各個UI的使用方法，本人基於原作者的基礎上，結合自己的學習，添加了一點點內容。

(1)UILabel

label.textAlignment=NSTextAlignment.Center//文字位置（居中）

(2)UIButton

var btswcxy=UIButton(frame:CGRect(origin:CGPointMake(0.0,0.0),size:CGSizeMake(windowSize.width,44)))
btswcxy.backgroundColor=UIColor(patternImage:UIImage(named:"jump.png")!)//設置背景圖片(用原作者的setBackgroundImage更好一些)
btswcxy.setTitle("生物創新園",forState:UIControlState.Normal)
         btswcxy.contentEdgeInsets=UIEdgeInsetsMake(0, -155, 0, 0)//文字的位置，UIEdgeInserts是相對button的frame來計算的（上、左、下、右）
         btswcxy.contentHorizontalAlignment=UIControlContentHorizontalAlignment.Left//文字的位置（居左）

 

(3UITextField

textField.placeholder = "密碼”//提示作用
textField.secureTextEntry=true//密碼框

 

(4)UISegmentedControl

segControl.selectedSegmentIndex=0//選擇哪一個items
segControl.addTarget(self, action:"segmentDidchange:", forControlEvents: UIControlEvents.ValueChanged)
在響應事件segmentDidchange中可以根據segControl.selectedSegmentIndex不同的值對應顯示不同的內容。

（5）UITableView

上面所給網址中，原作者所寫的UITableView我在應用時出現了各種問題，下面呈現一個簡單的UITableView和使用UITableView動態控制表視圖中的列表條目。

針對下面代碼做以下兩點說明：

1.如果想要想要向右滑動時能夠delete這一行，則需將下面代碼中的註釋取消。

2.在func tableView(tableView: UITableView!, didSelectRowAtIndexPathindexPath: NSIndexPath!)函數中可以根據indexPath.row不同有不同的響應事件（即跳轉不同的界面，或根據其值請求不同的內容），本代碼中這個函數只是將其行數（indexPath.row,從第0行開始）顯示出來。

import UIKit
class ViewController: UIViewController,UITableViewDelegate, UITableViewDataSource
{
   var tableView : UITableView?
   var items :NSMutableArray?
   var leftBtn:UIButton?
   var ctrlsCell=["火影","海賊王","全職獵人","犬夜叉","名偵探","黑執事","吸血鬼","1","1","1","1","1","1","2","2","2","3","4"]
   let windowSize = UIScreen.mainScreen().bounds.size
   
   override func viewDidLoad() {
       super.viewDidLoad()
       self.items = NSMutableArray()
       self.tableView = UITableView(frame:self.view.frame)
       self.tableView!.delegate = self
       self.tableView!.dataSource = self
       self.tableView!.registerClass(UITableViewCell.self,forCellReuseIdentifier: "cell")
       self.view.addSubview(self.tableView!)
       for istring in self.ctrlsCell
       {
           var row = self.items!.count
           var indexPath = NSIndexPath(forRow:row,inSection:0)
           self.items?.addObject("1")
           self.tableView?.insertRowsAtIndexPaths([indexPath], withRowAnimation:UITableViewRowAnimation.Left)
       }
       
       
    }
   override func didReceiveMemoryWarning() {
       super.didReceiveMemoryWarning()
       // Dispose of any resources that can be recreated.
    }
   
   func tableView(tableView: UITableView, numberOfRowsInSection section:Int) -> Int
    {
       return self.items!.count
    }
   func tableView(tableView: UITableView, cellForRowAtIndexPath indexPath:NSIndexPath) -> UITableViewCell
    {
       let cell = tableView.dequeueReusableCellWithIdentifier("cell", forIndexPath: indexPath)as UITableViewCell
       cell.textLabel.text = self.ctrlsCell[indexPath.row]
       //cell.backgroundColor=UIColor(patternImage:UIImage(named:"jump.png")!)
       return cell
    }
   
   func tableView(tableView: UITableView!, canEditRowAtIndexPath indexPath:NSIndexPath!) -> Bool
    {
        return true
    }
   
   /*func tableView(tableView: UITableView!, commitEditingStyleeditingStyle: UITableViewCellEditingStyle, forRowAtIndexPath indexPath:NSIndexPath!)
    {
       self.items?.removeObjectAtIndex(indexPath.row)
       
       self.tableView?.deleteRowsAtIndexPaths([indexPath], withRowAnimation:UITableViewRowAnimation.Top)
       if (self.items!.count == 0)
       {
           self.leftBtn!.userInteractionEnabled = false
       }
       
    }
   */
   func tableView(tableView: UITableView!, editingStyleForRowAtIndexPathindexPath: NSIndexPath!) -> UITableViewCellEditingStyle
    {
       return (UITableViewCellEditingStyle.Delete)
    }
   
  func tableView(tableView: UITableView!, canMoveRowAtIndexPath indexPath:NSIndexPath!) -> Bool
    {
       return true
    }
   
  func tableView(tableView: UITableView!, moveRowAtIndexPathsourceIndexPath: NSIndexPath!, toIndexPath destinationIndexPath: NSIndexPath!)
    {
       self.tableView?.moveRowAtIndexPath(sourceIndexPath, toIndexPath:destinationIndexPath)
       self.items?.exchangeObjectAtIndex(sourceIndexPath.row,withObjectAtIndex: destinationIndexPath.row)
    }
   
   func tableView(tableView: UITableView!, didSelectRowAtIndexPath indexPath:NSIndexPath!)
    {
       println("row = %d",indexPath.row)
    }
}

import UIKit
 
class ViewController: UIViewController,UITableViewDelegate, UITableViewDataSource
{
var tableView : UITableView?
var items :NSMutableArray?
var leftBtn:UIButton?
 
override func viewDidLoad() {
   
super.viewDidLoad()
self.title = "I love Swift"
self.items = NSMutableArray()
//self.items?.addObject("1","2")
// Do any additional setup after loadingthe view, typically from a nib.
setupViews()
setupRightBarButtonItem()
setupLeftBarButtonItem()
}
 
func setupViews()
{
self.tableView =UITableView(frame:self.view.frame)
self.tableView!.delegate = self
self.tableView!.dataSource = self
self.tableView!.registerClass(UITableViewCell.self,forCellReuseIdentifier: "cell")
self.view.addSubview(self.tableView!)
}
 
func setupLeftBarButtonItem()
{
self.leftBtn =UIButton.buttonWithType(UIButtonType.Custom) as? UIButton
self.leftBtn!.frame = CGRectMake(0,0,50,40)
self.leftBtn?.setTitleColor(UIColor.redColor(),forState: UIControlState.Normal)
self.leftBtn?.setTitle("Edit",forState: UIControlState.Normal)
self.leftBtn!.tag = 100
self.leftBtn!.userInteractionEnabled =false
self.leftBtn?.addTarget(self, action:"leftBarButtonItemClicked", forControlEvents:UIControlEvents.TouchUpInside)
var barButtonItem =UIBarButtonItem(customView: self.leftBtn!)
self.navigationItem.leftBarButtonItem =barButtonItem
}
 
func setupRightBarButtonItem()
{
var barButtonItem = UIBarButtonItem(title:"add", style: UIBarButtonItemStyle.Plain, target: self, action:"rightBarButtonItemClicked")
self.navigationItem.rightBarButtonItem =barButtonItem
}
 
func rightBarButtonItemClicked()
{
 
var row = self.items!.count
var indexPath = NSIndexPath(forRow:row,inSection:0)
self.items?.addObject("1")
self.tableView?.insertRowsAtIndexPaths([indexPath],withRowAnimation: UITableViewRowAnimation.Left)
self.leftBtn!.userInteractionEnabled = true
}
 
func leftBarButtonItemClicked()
{
if (self.leftBtn!.tag == 100)
{
self.tableView?.setEditing(true, animated:true)
self.leftBtn!.tag = 200
self.leftBtn?.setTitle("Done",forState: UIControlState.Normal)
}
else
{
self.tableView?.setEditing(false, animated:true)
self.leftBtn!.tag = 100
self.leftBtn?.setTitle("Edit",forState: UIControlState.Normal)
}
 
}
 
 
override func didReceiveMemoryWarning() {
super.didReceiveMemoryWarning()
// Dispose of any resources that can berecreated.
}
 
func tableView(tableView: UITableView,numberOfRowsInSection section: Int) -> Int
{
return self.items!.count
}
   
 
func tableView(tableView: UITableView,cellForRowAtIndexPath indexPath: NSIndexPath) -> UITableViewCell
{
let cell = tableView.dequeueReusableCellWithIdentifier("cell", forIndexPath: indexPath)as UITableViewCell
cell.textLabel.text = String(format:"%i", indexPath.row+1)
return cell
}
 
func tableView(tableView: UITableView!,canEditRowAtIndexPath indexPath: NSIndexPath!) -> Bool
{
return true
}
 
func tableView(tableView: UITableView!,commitEditingStyle editingStyle: UITableViewCellEditingStyle, forRowAtIndexPathindexPath: NSIndexPath!)
{
self.items?.removeObjectAtIndex(indexPath.row)
 
self.tableView?.deleteRowsAtIndexPaths([indexPath],withRowAnimation: UITableViewRowAnimation.Top)
if (self.items!.count == 0)
{
self.leftBtn!.userInteractionEnabled =false
}
 
}
 
func tableView(tableView: UITableView!,editingStyleForRowAtIndexPath indexPath: NSIndexPath!) -> UITableViewCellEditingStyle
{
return (UITableViewCellEditingStyle.Delete)
}
 
func tableView(tableView: UITableView!,canMoveRowAtIndexPath indexPath: NSIndexPath!) -> Bool
{
return true
}
 
func tableView(tableView: UITableView!,moveRowAtIndexPath sourceIndexPath: NSIndexPath!, toIndexPathdestinationIndexPath: NSIndexPath!)
{
self.tableView?.moveRowAtIndexPath(sourceIndexPath,toIndexPath: destinationIndexPath)
self.items?.exchangeObjectAtIndex(sourceIndexPath.row,withObjectAtIndex: destinationIndexPath.row)
}
 
func tableView(tableView: UITableView!,didSelectRowAtIndexPath indexPath: NSIndexPath!)
{
println("row = %d",indexPath.row)
}
 
}

2.MD5

swift中使用MD5，其參考的的網址爲：http://minishine.sinaapp.com/?p=86，有可能瀏覽器打不開，下面將其具體過程呈現出來。其中第2步中的-Bridging-Header.h文件是你在新建NSString+MessageDigest.m時，會提示你是否需要生成。

1、新建兩個文件，分別是NSString+MessageDigest.h和NSString+MessageDigest.m

 

NSString+MessageDigest.h  的內容如下：

 

#import <Foundation/Foundation.h>
 
@interface NSString (MessageDigest)
 
- (NSString *)md2;
 
- (NSString *)md4;
 
- (NSString *)md5;
 
- (NSString *)sha1;
 
- (NSString *)sha224;
 
- (NSString *)sha256;
 
- (NSString *)sha384;
 
- (NSString *)sha512;
 
@end
 
 
 
NSString+MessageDigest.m  的內容如下：
 
#import “NSString+MessageDigest.h”
 
#import <CommonCrypto/CommonCrypto.h>
 
typedef unsigned char*(*MessageDigestFuncPtr)(const void *data, CC_LONG len, unsigned char *md);
 
static NSString *_getMessageDigest(NSString*string, MessageDigestFuncPtr fp, NSUInteger length)
 
{
 
const char *cString = [string UTF8String];
 
unsigned char *digest =malloc(sizeof(unsigned char) * length);
 
fp(cString, (CC_LONG)strlen(cString),digest);
 
NSMutableString *hash = [NSMutableStringstringWithCapacity:length * 2];
 
for (int i = 0; i < length; ++i) {
 
[hash appendFormat:@"%02x",digest[i]];
 
}
 
free(digest);
 
return [hash lowercaseString];
 
}
 
@implementation NSString (MessageDigest)
 
- (NSString *)md2
 
{
 
return _getMessageDigest(self, CC_MD2,CC_MD2_DIGEST_LENGTH);
 
}
 
- (NSString *)md4
 
{
 
return _getMessageDigest(self, CC_MD4,CC_MD4_DIGEST_LENGTH);
 
}
 
- (NSString *)md5
 
{
 
return _getMessageDigest(self, CC_MD5,CC_MD5_DIGEST_LENGTH);
 
}
 
- (NSString *)sha1
 
{
 
return _getMessageDigest(self, CC_SHA1,CC_SHA1_DIGEST_LENGTH);
 
}
 
- (NSString *)sha224
 
{
 
return _getMessageDigest(self, CC_SHA224,CC_SHA224_DIGEST_LENGTH);
 
}
 
- (NSString *)sha256
 
{
 
return _getMessageDigest(self, CC_SHA256,CC_SHA256_DIGEST_LENGTH);
 
}
 
- (NSString *)sha384
 
{
 
return _getMessageDigest(self, CC_SHA384,CC_SHA384_DIGEST_LENGTH);
 
}
 
- (NSString *)sha512
 
{
 
return _getMessageDigest(self, CC_SHA256,CC_SHA256_DIGEST_LENGTH);
 
}
 
@end

 

2、在項目名-Bridging-Header.h裏面加一句   #import “NSString+MessageDigest.h”

 

3、使用方法如下

 
let aa=”string”
 
let bb= (aa as NSString).md5()

3.Swift封裝post和get請求

源碼下載地址：http://code.cocoachina.com/detail/214933/swift%E5%B0%81%E8%A3%85%E7%9A%84http+get%E3%80%81post%E8%AF%B7%E6%B1%82/

使用方法地址：http://cc.cocimg.com/bbs/attachment/postcate/topic/16/214933_189_2de514056551362dcd76de5aa0e9b.png

下面是具體的代碼，對於原作者下面有一點小改動，原作者的post無法得到對應的數據，問了一下大神後，大神稍微修改了一下，變可以了。修改的部分爲  for key:AnyObject in dic.allKeys，原作者寫的在代碼中我將其註釋掉了，雖然我感覺修改後的和原作者寫的都一樣，不知道原作者的爲什麼post不到數據。代碼如下。

import Foundation 
class HttpClient:NSObject,NSURLConnectionDataDelegate{
   let SYMBOL:NSString?="AaB03x" //分界線的標識符@"AaB03x"
   var connection:NSURLConnection?
   //接受數據的變量
   var receiveData:NSMutableData?
   //上傳二進制數據的數據格式如jpg、mp3
   var contentType:String!
   //回調的閉包
   var completeBlock:((data:NSData?,error:NSError?)->Void)?
   
   override init() {
       super.init()
       receiveData=NSMutableData()
    }
   deinit{
       
    }
   func cancel(){
       if (connection != nil){
           connection!.cancel()
       }
    }
   //get 請求
   func downloadFromGetUrl(url:NSString, completionHandler:((data:NSData?,error:NSError?)->Void)){
       let newUrl=NSURL(string: url)//.URLWithString(url)
       let request=NSURLRequest(URL: newUrl!)
       connection=NSURLConnection(request: request, delegate:self)
       self.completeBlock=completionHandler
    }
    //post請求(dic裏沒有NSData )
   func downloadFromPostUrl(url:NSString,dic:NSDictionary,completionHandler:((data:NSData?,error:NSError?)->Void)){
       
       let newUrl=NSURL(string: url)//.URLWithString(url)
       let request=NSMutableURLRequest(URL:newUrl!)
       request.timeoutInterval=10.0
       request.HTTPMethod="POST"
       var param=NSMutableArray()
       //修改後的
       for key:AnyObject in dic.allKeys{
           let value:NSString = dic[key as NSString] as NSString
           var s=NSString(format:"\(key as NSString)=\(value)")
           param.addObject(s)
       }
       //註釋掉的是原作者寫的
       /*for key:AnyObject in dic.allKeys{
           var s=NSString(format:"\(key as NSString)=\(dic[key asNSString])")
            param.addObject(s)
       }*/
       var bodyString=param.componentsJoinedByString("&") asNSString
       request.HTTPBody=bodyString.dataUsingEncoding(NSUTF8StringEncoding)
       connection=NSURLConnection(request: request, delegate:self)
        self.completeBlock=completionHandler
    }
   //post 請求(dic裏包含NSData)需要設置 contentType的類型
   func downloadNSDataFromPostUrl(url:NSString,dic:NSDictionary,completionHandler:((data:NSData?,error:NSError?)->Void)){
       let newUrl=NSURL(string: url)
       
           ///.URLWithString(url)
       let request=NSMutableURLRequest(URL:newUrl!)
       request.timeoutInterval=10.0
       request.HTTPMethod="POST"
       
       let start=NSString(format:"--\(SYMBOL)")
       let end=NSString(format:"--\(SYMBOL)--")
       var bodyString=NSMutableString()
       var dataKey:NSString?
       for key : AnyObject in dic.allKeys{
           var value : AnyObject!=dic[key as NSString]
           if value.isKindOfClass(NSData){
               dataKey=NSString(format:"\(key)")
           }else{
               bodyString.appendFormat("\(start)\r\n")
                //添加字段名稱，換2行
               bodyString.appendFormat("Content-Disposition: form-data;name=\"\(key)\"\r\n\r\n")
                //添加字段的值
               bodyString.appendFormat("\(dic[key as NSString])\r\n")
           }
       }
       //添加分界線，換行
      bodyString.appendFormat("\(start)\r\n")
       
       //聲明pic字段，文件名爲boris.png
       bodyString.appendFormat("Content-Disposition: form-data;name=\"\(dataKey)\";filename=\"\(dataKey).\(contentType)\"\r\n")
       
       //聲明上傳文件的格式
       bodyString.appendFormat("Content-Type:\(contentType)\r\n\r\n")
       
       //聲明結束符：--AaB03x--
       var endStr=NSString(format:"\r\n\(end)")
       
      //聲明myRequestData，用來放入http body
       var myRequestData=NSMutableData()
       //將body字符串轉化爲UTF8格式的二進制
      myRequestData.appendData(bodyString.dataUsingEncoding(NSUTF8StringEncoding)!)
       //將image的data加入
      myRequestData.appendData(dic[dataKey!] as NSData);
       //加入結束符--AaB03x--
       myRequestData.appendData(endStr.dataUsingEncoding(NSUTF8StringEncoding)!);
       
       //設置HTTPHeader中Content-Type的值
       var  content=NSString(format:"multipart/form-data;boundary=\(SYMBOL)")
       //設置HTTPHeader
       //[request setValue:contentforHTTPHeaderField:@"Content-Type"];
      request.addValue(content, forHTTPHeaderField:"Content-Type")
       //設置Content-Length
        request.addValue(String(myRequestData.length),forHTTPHeaderField:"Content-Length")
 
       request.HTTPBody=myRequestData
       connection=NSURLConnection(request: request, delegate:self)
       self.completeBlock=completionHandler
    }
   //NSURLConnectionDataDelegate
   func connection(connection: NSURLConnection!, didReceiveResponseresponse: NSURLResponse!){
       var newResponse=response as NSHTTPURLResponse
       println("statusCode=\(newResponse.statusCode)")
       
    }
   
    funcconnection(connection: NSURLConnection!, didReceiveData data: NSData!){
       receiveData!.appendData(data)
    }
   
   func connectionDidFinishLoading(connection: NSURLConnection!){
       if (completeBlock != nil){
           completeBlock!(data:receiveData,error:nil)
       }
       
    }
   func connection(connection: NSURLConnection!, didFailWithError error:NSError!){
       if (completeBlock != nil){
           completeBlock!(data:receiveData,error:error)
       }
       
    }
 
}

 

 

get使用以及說明:

如果url爲NSURL類型可以通過下面的方法轉換爲string類型

var str_url1:String =url.absoluteString!//NSURL轉化成string

如果url中含有漢字需要Encoding,使用如下方法

var str_url =str_url1.stringByAddingPercentEscapesUsingEncoding(NSUTF8StringEncoding)
var dict_map:NSArray
dict_map =dict?.objectForKey("map")?.objectForKey("projecctList") asNSArray//得到所有信息，格式如下圖所示，Json數據
var projectName=(dict?.objectForKey("map")?.objectForKey("projecctList")as NSArray)[0].objectForKey("projectName”) as? String

//取NSArray中第一個的projectName，以下圖爲例，那麼所取得數據爲“測試數據002”

 

 

post使用:url與上面get相同

dic中包含的鍵值對，已登陸爲例。

其中還包括了將其用戶信息存儲在本地，首先需要申明var KeepUserMg = NSUserDefaults()。

func presentTabVC(username:NSString,password:NSString) {
       
       let username=username as String//用戶名(郵箱)
       let password=password as String//密碼
       //println(password)
       var dl=HttpClient()
       var url1:String
       url1="http://61.183.11.242:8081/bioWeb/userapi?oper=login"
       varurl=url1.stringByAddingPercentEscapesUsingEncoding(NSUTF8StringEncoding)
       //post請求需要傳遞的四個參數loginId(用戶名)、userpwd(密碼)、type(用戶類型)、device(設備),參數是根據別人所給的接口的參數列表來定的。
       vardic=["loginId":username,"userpwd":password,"type":"2","device":"ios"]
       dl.downloadFromPostUrl(url!, dic: dic, completionHandler: {(data:NSData?, error: NSError?) -> Void in
           if (error != nil){
               println("error=\(error!.localizedDescription)")
           }else{
                 vardict=NSJSONSerialization.JSONObjectWithData(data!, options:.MutableContainers,error:nil) as? NSDictionary
                //println(dict)
                varstr=dict?.objectForKey("code") as String//得到返回來的結果
                vardetail=dict?.objectForKey("map")?.objectForKey("ApiUser")as? NSDictionary
               self.usernameInfo=detail?.objectForKey("username") as?String//得到其用戶名存儲在本地
               self.useremailInfo=detail?.objectForKey("email") as? String//得到其郵箱存儲在本地
               
                if str=="success"
                {
                    letError=UIAlertController(title: "提示", message:"登陸成功!", preferredStyle: UIAlertControllerStyle.Alert)
                    letbtAction=UIAlertAction(title: "確定", style:UIAlertActionStyle.Default){ action in
                       self.KeepUserMg.setObject(self.usernameInfo as NSString, forKey:"usernameInfo")
                       self.KeepUserMg.setObject(self.useremailInfo as NSString, forKey:"useremailInfo")
                       self.KeepUserMg.synchronize()
                        self.homepage()
                    }
                    Error.addAction(btAction)
                   self.presentViewController(Error,animated:true,completion:nil)
                   
 
                }
                else if str =="api_login_id_empty"
                {
                    let Error=UIAlertController(title: "提示",message: "用戶不存在!", preferredStyle: UIAlertControllerStyle.Alert)
                    letbtAction=UIAlertAction(title: "確定", style:UIAlertActionStyle.Default){ action in
                        self.logInTapped()
                    }
                    Error.addAction(btAction)
                   self.presentViewController(Error,animated:true,completion:nil)
 
                }
               
                else if str =="api_login_pwd"
                {
                    letError=UIAlertController(title: "提示", message:"密碼錯誤!", preferredStyle: UIAlertControllerStyle.Alert)
                    letbtAction=UIAlertAction(title: "確定", style:UIAlertActionStyle.Default){ action in
                        self.logInTapped()
                    }
                    Error.addAction(btAction)
                   self.presentViewController(Error,animated:true,completion:nil)
                }
                else if str =="api_timeout"
                {
                    letError=UIAlertController(title: "提示", message:"登陸超時!", preferredStyle: UIAlertControllerStyle.Alert)
                    letbtAction=UIAlertAction(title: "確定", style:UIAlertActionStyle.Default){ action in
                        self.logInTapped()
                    }
                    Error.addAction(btAction)
                   self.presentViewController(Error,animated:true,completion:nil)
 
                }
                else{
                    let Error=UIAlertController(title:"提示", message: "登陸失敗!",preferredStyle: UIAlertControllerStyle.Alert)
                    letbtAction=UIAlertAction(title: "確定", style:UIAlertActionStyle.Default){ action in
                        self.logInTapped()
                    }
                   Error.addAction(btAction)
                   self.presentViewController(Error,animated:true,completion:nil)
 
                }
           }
       })
 
    }

4.其它

頁面之間的跳轉

（1）直接跳轉到其它頁面。

 varinfotzgg  = TzggViewController(nibName:nil, bundle: nil)
 self.presentViewController(infotzgg,animated:true,completion:nil)

 （2）跳轉到其它頁面可以返回。

var infotzgg  = TzggViewController(nibName: nil, bundle:nil)
self.navigationController!.pushViewController(infotzgg,animated: true)