此內容來自網上收集
1. 硬件要求
1.swap 分區不低於2G
2.selinux 狀態disable
3.物理內存不低於512M
2. 系統要求
redhat Enterprise 5 默認安裝
3. 數據庫要求
3.1.軟件下載
根據實際環環境從oracle官方網站下載相應的數據庫
http://www.oracle.com/technology/software/products/database/index.html
3.2.解包
unzip 10201_database_linux32.zip
解包完成後後將database目錄拷貝到/opt目錄下，以便oracle用戶安裝使用
4. redhat配置
4.1 安裝缺失的包
用 root 用戶身份運行以下命令：
rpm -q gcc make binutils openmotif setarch compat-db compat-gcc compat-gcc-c++ compat-libstdc++ compat-libstdc++-devel
如果採用默認安裝，該命令執行後通常會提示openmotif，compat-db，compat-gcc，compat-gcc-c++,compat-libstdc++,compat-libstdc++-devel 沒有安裝。如下所示
gcc-4.1.1-52.el5
make-3.81-1.1
binutils-2.17.50.0.6-2.el5
package openmotif is not installed
setarch-2.0-1.1
package compat-db is not installed
package compat-gcc is not installed
package compat-gcc-c++ is not installed
package compat-libstdc++ is not installed
package compat-libstdc++-devel is not installed
對缺失的包需要通過光盤或其他介質安裝，筆者採用光盤安裝
4.1.1 在/mnt 下創建cdrom
4.1.2 將光盤放入光驅
4.1.3 執行命令 mount -t iso9660 /dev/cdrom /mnt/cdrom
命令執行後/mnt/cdrom下將產生光盤下面的文件
4.1.4 進入光盤Server目錄下 cd /mnt/cdrom/Server
由於缺失的包之間有嚴格的依賴關係，所以必須按照如下順序安裝缺失的包
rpm -Uvh compat-db-4*
rpm -Uvh libaio-0*
rpm -Uvh compat-libstdc++-33-3*
rpm -Uvh glibc-headers-2.5-12.i386.rpm
rpm -Uvh glibc-devel-2.5-12.i386.rpm
rpm -Uvh compat-gcc-34-3*
rpm -Uvh compat-gcc-34-c++-3*
rpm -Uvh libXp-1*
rpm -Uvh openmotif-2*
rpm -Uvh gcc-4*
rpm -Uvh glibc-2.5-12.i686.rpm
rpm -Uvh libgomp-4.1.1-52.el5.i386.rpm
rpm -Uvh gcc-4.1.1-52.el5.i386.rpm
# 從RedHat AS5 光盤1
cd /media/cdrom/Server
rpm -Uvh setarch-2*
rpm -Uvh make-3*
rpm -Uvh glibc-2*
rpm -Uvh libaio-0*
cd /
eject
# 從RedHat AS5 光盤2
cd /media/cdrom/Server
rpm -Uvh compat-libstdc++-33-3*
rpm -Uvh compat-gcc-34-3*
rpm -Uvh compat-gcc-34-c++-3*
rpm -Uvh gcc-4*
rpm -Uvh libXp-1*
cd /
eject
# 從RedHat AS5 光盤3
cd /media/cdrom/Server
rpm -Uvh openmotif-2*
rpm -Uvh compat-db-4*
cd /
eject
安裝完成後仍然提示部分包沒有安裝，不過不影響使用
package compat-gcc is not installed
package compat-gcc-c++ is not installed
package compat-libstdc++ is not installed
package compat-libstdc++-devel is not installed
4.2 vi /etc/sysctl.conf file
kernel.shmall = 2097152
kernel.shmmax = 2147483648
kernel.shmmni = 4096
# semaphores: semmsl, semmns, semopm, semmni
kernel.sem = 250 32000 100 128
fs.file-max = 65536
net.ipv4.ip_local_port_range = 1024 65000
net.core.rmem_default=262144
net.core.rmem_max=262144
net.core.wmem_default=262144
net.core.wmem_max=262144
運行下面命令使設置生效/sbin/sysctl -p
4.3 vi /etc/security/limits.conf vf
* soft nproc 2047
* hard nproc 16384
* soft nofile 1024
* hard nofile 65536
4.4 vi /etc/pam.d/login
session required /lib/security/pam_limits.so
4.5 vi /etc/selinux/config
# This file controls the state of SELinux on the system.
# SELINUX= can take one of these three values:
# enforcing - SELinux security policy is enforced.
# permissive - SELinux prints warnings instead of enforcing.
# disabled - SELinux is fully disabled.
SELINUX=disabled
# SELINUXTYPE= type of policy in use. Possible values are:
# targeted - Only targeted network daemons are protected.
# strict - Full SELinux protection.
#SELINUXTYPE=targeted
SELINUXTYPE=disabled
4.6 添加oracle用戶和組
groupadd oinstall
groupadd dba
groupadd oper
useradd –m -g oinstall -G dba oracle
passwd oracle
4.7 創建安裝目錄並賦予oracle相應權限
mkdir -p /u01/app/oracle/product/10.2.0/db_1
chown -R oracle:oinstall /u01
chmod -R 775 /u01
4.8 添加訪問控制列表
xhost + machine-name
xhost + 添加全部用戶。
4.9 設置主機名和IP
vi /etc/hosts
刪除文件內容，添加如下兩行
127.0.0.1 localhost
IP地址 主機名稱
如果不添加第一行，安裝以後數據庫可以打開，通過http://ip:1158/em訪問 控制檯發現數據庫和監聽器均無法啓動（箭頭指向下）以管理員帳號進入em，頁面提示Network Adapter error，如果通過命令lsnrctl start提示如下錯誤
LSNRCTL for Linux: Version 10.2.0.1.0 - Production on 17-OCT-2007 15:35:07
Copyright (c) 1991, 2005, Oracle. All rights reserved.
Starting .......
................
Listening on: (DESCRIPTION=(ADDRESS=(PROTOCOL=tcp)(HOST=olivenan)(PORT=1521)))
Listening on: (DESCRIPTION=(ADDRESS=(PROTOCOL=ipc)(KEY=EXTPROC0)))
Connecting to (DESCRIPTION=(ADDRESS=(PROTOCOL=TCP)(HOST=olivenan)(PORT=1521)))
TNS-12547: TNS:lost contact
TNS-12560: TNS:protocol adapter error
TNS-00517: Lost contact
Linux Error: 104: Connection reset by peer
Connecting to (DESCRIPTION=(ADDRESS=(PROTOCOL=IPC)(KEY=EXTPROC0)))
TNS-12541: TNS:no listener
TNS-12560: TNS:protocol adapter error
TNS-00511: No listener
Linux Error: 111: Connection refused
4.10 修改redhat版本
vi /etc/redhat-release
Red Hat Enterprise Linux Server release 5 (Tikanga) 替換成 redhat-4
4.11 修改oracle的環境變量
su - oracle
vi ~/.bash_profile
# Oracle Settings
TMP=/tmp; export TMP
TMPDIR=$TMP; export TMPDIR
ORACLE_BASE=/u01/app/oracle; export ORACLE_BASE
ORACLE_HOME=$ORACLE_BASE/product/10.2.0/db_1
export ORACLE_HOME
ORACLE_SID=orcl
export ORACLE_SID
ORACLE_TERM=xterm
export ORACLE_TERM
PATH=/usr/sbin:$PATH
PATH=$ORACLE_HOME/bin:$PATH
export PATH
LD_LIBRARY_PATH=$ORACLE_HOME/lib:/lib:/usr/lib
export LD_LIBRARY_PATH
CLASSPATH=$ORACLE_HOME/JRE:$ORACLE_HOME/jlib:$ORACLE_HOME/rdbms/jlib
export CLASSPATH
#LD_ASSUME_KERNEL=2.4.1; export LD_ASSUME_KERNEL
if [ $USER = "oracle" ]; then
if [ $SHELL = "/bin/ksh" ]; then
ulimit -p 16384
ulimit -n 65536
else
ulimit -u 16384 -n 65536
fi
fi
export LANG=en_US.utf8
export LANGUAGE=en_US.utf8
export NLS_LANG="Simplified Chinese_China.UTF8"
export LC_ALL=en_US.utf8
4.13 安裝
以oracle用戶登錄系統，打開終端將當前位置定位到database中
Unset LANG
./runInstaller.sh
如果之前的包按照要求安裝完成，安裝過程應該很順利，如果安裝進度在63%左右出現錯誤，如提示遇到問題需要重試，忽略等等，一般就是系統要求的包沒有安裝完全。
安裝完成後重啓機子，登錄oracle 打開終端
sqlplus ‘/as sysdba'
啓動數據庫
startup
啓動控制檯
emctl start dbconsole
啓動監聽器
lsnrctl start
4.14 後修改vi /etc/redhat-release 內容爲Red Hat Enterprise Linux Server release 5 (Tikanga)
4.15 設置開機啓動
vi /etc/oratab
orcl:/u01/app/oracle/product/10.2.0/db_1:Y
可惜我的安裝不成功,上面的一些缺失包都安裝OK，參數配置也設好了，我下載的redhat enterprise5安裝設置已被定好，安裝後root下空間不足，鬱悶了半天，我還是個linux菜鳥，不懂linux下重新分區。解決問題好像只能重新下個redhat enterprise系統了，注意給root分配足夠大空間。