1、發送短信
2、收短信
3、查看短信
下面逐個介紹；首先看下發送短信的demo
<manifest xmlns:android="http://schemas.android.com/apk/res/android"
package="com.example.sendsms"
android:versionCode="1"
android:versionName="1.0" >
<uses-sdk
android:minSdkVersion="7"
android:targetSdkVersion="15" />
<uses-permission android:name="android.permission.SEND_SMS" />
<application
android:icon="@drawable/ic_launcher"
android:label="@string/app_name"
android:theme="@style/AppTheme" >
<activity
android:name=".MainActivity"
android:label="@string/title_activity_main" >
<intent-filter>
<action android:name="android.intent.action.MAIN" />
<category android:name="android.intent.category.LAUNCHER" />
</intent-filter>
</activity>
</application>
</manifest>MainActivity 的代碼：
public class MainActivity extends Activity {
private static final String TAG = "MainActivity";
EditText phoneNumberTxt;
EditText msgTxt;
Button sendBtn;
@Override
public void onCreate(Bundle savedInstanceState) {
super.onCreate(savedInstanceState);
setContentView(R.layout.activity_main);
phoneNumberTxt = (EditText) findViewById(R.id.phone_number_txt);
msgTxt = (EditText) findViewById(R.id.msg_txt);
sendBtn = (Button) findViewById(R.id.send_btn);
sendBtn.setOnClickListener(new View.OnClickListener() {
@Override
public void onClick(View v) {
String phoneNumber = phoneNumberTxt.getText().toString();
String msg = msgTxt.getText().toString();
if (phoneNumber.length() > 0 && msg.length() > 0) {
sendSMS(phoneNumber, msg);
} else {
Toast.makeText(MainActivity.this, "請輸入手機號和短信內容", Toast.LENGTH_SHORT).show();
}
}
});
}
private void sendSMS(String number, String message) {
SmsManager smsManager = SmsManager.getDefault();
smsManager.sendTextMessage(number, null, message, null, null);
}
}發送短信的操作在sendSMS方法中，需要注意的是Android framework中有兩個SmsManager。
android.telephony.gsm.SmsManager和android.telephony.SmsManager；從Api level 4開始前者就被後者代替了。因爲後者同時支持GSM和CDMA。
上面發送短信的操作非常簡單，但是發送短信的整個過程用戶體驗很差，短信是否發送出去？對方是否已經接收到了？這些都未提示。要做到更好的用戶
體驗就需要仔細閱讀下sendTextMessage這個API了。
destinationAddress the address to send the message to
scAddress is the service center address or null to use the current default SMSC
text the body of the message to send
sentIntent if not NULL this PendingIntent is broadcast when the message is successfully sent, or failed. The result code will be Activity.RESULT_OK for success, or one of these errors:RESULT_ERROR_GENERIC_FAILURE
RESULT_ERROR_RADIO_OFF
RESULT_ERROR_NULL_PDU
For RESULT_ERROR_GENERIC_FAILURE the sentIntent may include the extra "errorCode" containing a radio technology specific value, generally only useful for troubleshooting.The per-application based SMS control checks sentIntent. If sentIntent is NULL the caller will be checked against all unknown applications, which cause smaller number of SMS to be sent in checking period.
deliveryIntent if not NULL this PendingIntent is broadcast when the message is delivered to the recipient. The raw pdu of the status report is in the extended data ("pdu").
這裏簡單描述下五個參數
destinationAddress 短信的目標地址，也就是短信要發送到的手機號碼
scAddress 關於這個地址可以查看 wiki文檔 http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Short_message_service_center，沒有特別指定就設置爲null
text 這個爲短信的內容
sentIntent 一個PendingIntent，在短信發送成功後發送的廣播。（關於PendingIntent這裏暫時不表，後面會寫文章介紹。這裏只需要知道可以通過它在短信發送成功後調用提示用戶發送成功的代碼）
deliveryIntent 同樣是PendingIntent，是在對方接收到短信後發送的廣播。
這裏需要明白的是：短信發送並不是點對點（P2P），A發送短信給B，並不是直接就發送到B上，中間是要經過運營商的。所以會分兩步，第一步是短信成功發送到運營商，第二步是運營商成功發送到目標用戶。
所以這裏會出現sentIntent，deliveryIntent兩個PendingIntent。找到這兩個入口點後，就可以添加一些代碼來完成良好的用戶體驗了。
public class MainActivity extends Activity {
private static final String TAG = "MainActivity";
private static final String SENT = "SENT_SMS";
private static final String DELIVERED = "DELIVERED_SMS";
EditText phoneNumberTxt;
EditText msgTxt;
Button sendBtn;
BroadcastReceiver sentReceiver = new BroadcastReceiver() {
@Override
public void onReceive(Context context, Intent intent) {
Log.e(TAG, "sent receiver onReceive");
switch (getResultCode()) {
case SmsManager.RESULT_ERROR_NO_SERVICE:
showToast("短信服務不可用");
break;
case SmsManager.RESULT_ERROR_NULL_PDU:
showToast("沒有短信格式描述單元");
break;
case SmsManager.RESULT_ERROR_GENERIC_FAILURE:
showToast("短信未發送成功");
break;
case SmsManager.RESULT_ERROR_RADIO_OFF:
showToast("沒有信號");
break;
case Activity.RESULT_OK:
showToast("短信已發送");
break;
default:
break;
}
}
};
BroadcastReceiver deliveredReceiver = new BroadcastReceiver() {
@Override
public void onReceive(Context context, Intent intent) {
showToast("對方已經接收到短信");
}
};
@Override
public void onCreate(Bundle savedInstanceState) {
super.onCreate(savedInstanceState);
setContentView(R.layout.activity_main);
phoneNumberTxt = (EditText) findViewById(R.id.phone_number_txt);
msgTxt = (EditText) findViewById(R.id.msg_txt);
sendBtn = (Button) findViewById(R.id.send_btn);
sendBtn.setOnClickListener(new View.OnClickListener() {
@Override
public void onClick(View v) {
String phoneNumber = phoneNumberTxt.getText().toString();
String msg = msgTxt.getText().toString();
if (phoneNumber.length() > 0 && msg.length() > 0) {
sendSMSWithMonitor(phoneNumber, msg);
} else {
Toast.makeText(MainActivity.this, "請輸入手機號和短信內容", Toast.LENGTH_SHORT).show();
}
}
});
}
@Override
protected void onResume() {
super.onResume();
registerReceiver(sentReceiver, new IntentFilter(SENT));
registerReceiver(deliveredReceiver, new IntentFilter(DELIVERED));
}
@Override
protected void onPause() {
super.onPause();
unregisterReceiver(sentReceiver);
unregisterReceiver(deliveredReceiver);
}
private void sendSMSWithMonitor(String number, String message) {
PendingIntent sendPendingIntent = PendingIntent.getBroadcast(this, 0, new Intent(SENT), 0);
PendingIntent deliveredPendingIntent = PendingIntent.getBroadcast(this, 0, new Intent(DELIVERED), 0);
SmsManager smsManager = SmsManager.getDefault();
smsManager.sendTextMessage(number, null, message, sendPendingIntent, deliveredPendingIntent);
}
private void showToast(String text) {
Toast.makeText(this, text, Toast.LENGTH_LONG).show();
}
}相對之前的代碼主要添加了兩個BraodcastReceiver，接收短信發送成功和對方接收到的廣播。這裏使用的是兩個隱式Intent來廣播。關於顯示Intent和隱式Intent會在後面的文章中說明。上面代碼發送的短信是在系統的短信庫裏無法查到的，因爲並未寫入到系統的短信庫中。如何寫入到系統的短信庫，後面的短信內容操作會詳細介紹。
介紹完發送短信後，接着介紹下接收短信。接收短信相對發送短信來得簡單得多。Android系統在接收到短信後會廣播一個android.provider.Telephony.SMS_RECEIVED消息，接收短信只需接收這個消息，顯示短信的內容即可。
public class SMSReceiver extends BroadcastReceiver {
@Override
public void onReceive(Context context, Intent intent) {
Bundle bundle = intent.getExtras();
SmsMessage[] msgs = null;
StringBuilder sb = new StringBuilder();
if (bundle != null) {
Object[] pdus = (Object[]) bundle.get("pdus");
msgs = new SmsMessage[pdus.length];
for (int i = 0; i < pdus.length; i++) {
msgs[i] = SmsMessage.createFromPdu((byte[]) pdus[i]);
sb.append(buildContentFromSmsMessage(msgs[i])).append("\n");
}
Toast.makeText(context, sb.toString(), Toast.LENGTH_SHORT).show();
}
}
private String buildContentFromSmsMessage(SmsMessage smsMsg) {
return smsMsg.getOriginatingAddress() + " : " + smsMsg.getMessageBody().toString();
}
}同時在Androidmenifest.xml文件中註冊：
<receiver android:name=".SMSReceiver" >
<intent-filter>
<action android:name="android.provider.Telephony.SMS_RECEIVED" />
</intent-filter>
</receiver>先寫到這，後面會盡快更新短信的操作。