mysql本地IP不能访问的问题

​ 作为开发者，业务服务器和数据服务器，一般肯定是部署在不同的主机上，所以mysql 用户授权，远程访问，大家肯定玩的比较多了，网上的博客一大堆

​ Mysql 默认是只允许使用 host:localhost,或者 host:127.0.0.1，如果想用使用IP访问，就要重新授权。

​ 具体如下：

0. msyql数据库

   # mysql所在DB服务器   192.168.137.32
   

1. 授权步骤

   # 授权远程任何ip访问
   grant all privileges on *.* to 'cat'@'%' iedentified by '123456';
   # 刷新生效
   flush privileges
   

2. navicat测试

​ 直接用navicat链接，测试，肯定没有问题

3. 远程ip测试

   # 注意 192.168.137.31 是业务服务器   
   mysql -ucat -h 192.168.137.31 -p   
   

   ​ 连接也没有问题，很完美

4. DB服务器上IP访问

   # 注意是 DB服务器本身的ip 访问    k8s-worknode1是hostname,请无视
   [root@k8s-worknode1 ~]# mysql -ugpcat -h 192.168.137.32 -p
   Enter password: 
   ERROR 1045 (28000): Access denied for user 'gpcat'@'k8s-worknode1' (using password: YES)   
   

   ​ 为什么不能本地Ip访问呢？

5. 查看授权详情

   mysql> select Host,User from mysql.user;
   +-----------+-------+
   | Host      | User  |
   +-----------+-------+
   | %         | cat |
   | 127.0.0.1 | root  |
   | ::1       | root  |
   | localhost |       |
   | localhost | root  |
   +-----------+-------+
   

   ​ 授权没错啊，也是刷新权限生效了啊，那是为啥呢？

6. 继续查看授权详情

   mysql> SELECT host,user,Grant_priv,Super_priv FROM mysql.user;
   +-----------+-------+------------+------------+
   | host      | user  | Grant_priv | Super_priv |
   +-----------+-------+------------+------------+
   | localhost | root  | Y          | Y          |
   | 127.0.0.1 | root  | Y          | Y          |
   | ::1       | root  | Y          | Y          |
   | localhost |       | N          | N          |
   | %         | cat | N          | Y          |
   +-----------+-------+------------+------------+
   

   ​ 注意，cat用户的， Grant_priv='N'，Super_priv='Y'

   ​ 来，大家在回忆一下cat用户的授权方式，也就是步骤1

   # 授权远程任何ip访问
   grant all privileges on *.* to 'cat'@'%' iedentified by '123456';
   # 刷新生效
   flush privileges
   

   ​ 也就是说，网上的一大推各种博客，Ip授权，默认的其实，还是只能开启远程的IP访问，本地IP访问其实还是没有开启的，坑啊，网上各种粘贴复制的，害死人

7. 主动开启，本地IP访问

   mysql> update mysql.user set Grant_priv='Y' where user='cat';
   Query OK, 1 row affected (0.00 sec)
   Rows matched: 1  Changed: 1  Warnings: 0
   # 刷新生效
   flush privileges
   
   # 查看授权详情
   mysql> SELECT host,user,Grant_priv,Super_priv FROM mysql.user;
   +-----------+-------+------------+------------+
   | host      | user  | Grant_priv | Super_priv |
   +-----------+-------+------------+------------+
   | localhost | root  | Y          | Y          |
   | 127.0.0.1 | root  | Y          | Y          |
   | ::1       | root  | Y          | Y          |
   | localhost |       | N          | N          |
   | %         | cat | Y          | Y          |
   +-----------+-------+------------+------------+
   

8. 再次验证本地IP访问

   [root@k8s-masternode ~]# mysql -ucat -h 192.168.137.31 -p
   Enter password: 
   Welcome to the MySQL monitor.  Commands end with ; or \g.
   Your MySQL connection id is 12
   Server version: 5.6.46 MySQL Community Server (GPL)
   
   Copyright (c) 2000, 2019, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.
   
   Oracle is a registered trademark of Oracle Corporation and/or its
   affiliates. Other names may be trademarks of their respective
   owners.
   
   Type 'help;' or '\h' for help. Type '\c' to clear the current input statement.
   
   mysql>  
   

9. 如果想直接授权

   # 注意带上 with grant option;
   grant all privileges on *.* to 'cat'@'%' iedentified by '123456' with grant option;
   

   这才是完整的授权方式，不要再被网上的粘贴复制迷惑了