Spring MVC 整合 Freemarker

前言

1.爲什麼要使用spring MVC呢?

2.爲什麼要使用Freemarker呢?

3.爲什麼不使用Struts2呢?

此示例出現的原因就是發現了struts2的性能太差，所以學習Spring MVC。又由於前一個項目使用的是Struts2+Freemarker寫的，所以要替換Struts2就需要讓Spring MVC也要支持Freemarker。

項目準備

1.Spring 包

spring2.5.6.jar

spring-aop.jar

spring-beans.jar

spring-context.jar

spring-context-support.jar

spring-core.jar

spring-jdbc.jar

spring-jms.jar

spring-orm.jar

spring-test.jar

spring-tx.jar

spring-web.jar

spring-webmvc.jar

spring-webmvc-portlet.jar

spring-webmvc-struts.jar

2.Freemarker包

freemarker-2.3.19.jar

加粗的部分爲項目需要引入的包。

開始我們的整合之旅吧！

開發工具：NetBeans IDE 7.3.1

一、新建web項目springMVCAndFreemarker

二、將jar包引入項目

spring.jar

spring-webmvc.jar

freemarker.jar

依賴包

commons-logging.jar

三、配置web.xml

WEB-INF/web.xml

<!–  Spring 上下文參數 –>
<context-param>
    <param-name>contextConfigLocation</param-name>
    <param-value>classpath:applicationContext.xml</param-value>
</context-param>

<!–  Spring 容器啓動器 –>
<listener>
    <listener-class>org.springframework.web.context.ContextLoaderListener</listener-class>
</listener>
<servlet>
    <servlet-name>springmvc</servlet-name>
    <servlet-class>org.springframework.web.servlet.DispatcherServlet</servlet-class>
    <load-on-startup>1</load-on-startup>
</servlet>
<!–爲DispatcherServlet建樹映射 –>
<servlet-mapping>
    <servlet-name>springmvc</servlet-name>
    <url-pattern>/*</url-pattern>
</servlet-mapping>

    <!--  Spring 上下文參數 -->
    <context-param>
        <param-name>contextConfigLocation</param-name>
        <param-value>classpath:applicationContext.xml</param-value>
    </context-param>

    <!--  Spring 容器啓動器 -->
    <listener>
        <listener-class>org.springframework.web.context.ContextLoaderListener</listener-class>
    </listener>
    <servlet>
        <servlet-name>springmvc</servlet-name>
        <servlet-class>org.springframework.web.servlet.DispatcherServlet</servlet-class>
        <load-on-startup>1</load-on-startup>
    </servlet>
    <!--爲DispatcherServlet建樹映射 -->
    <servlet-mapping>
        <servlet-name>springmvc</servlet-name>
        <url-pattern>/*</url-pattern>
    </servlet-mapping>

四、添加applicationContext.xml文件

src/applicationContext.xml

<?xml version=“1.0” encoding=“UTF-8”?>
<beans xmlns=“http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans”
       xmlns:xsi=“http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance”
       xsi:schemaLocation=”http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans
       http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans/spring-beans-2.5.xsd”>

</beans>

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<beans xmlns="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans"
       xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
       xsi:schemaLocation="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans 
       http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans/spring-beans-2.5.xsd">

</beans>

接着在內容中添加Freemarker的支持配置

<!– Freemarker配置 –>
<bean id=“freemarkerConfig”
      class=“org.springframework.web.servlet.view.freemarker.FreeMarkerConfigurer”>
    <property name=“templateLoaderPath” value=“/WEB-INF/view/” />
    <property name=“freemarkerSettings”>
        <props>
            <prop key=“template_update_delay”>0</prop>
            <prop key=“default_encoding”>UTF-8</prop>
            <prop key=“number_format”>0.##########</prop>
            <prop key=“datetime_format”>yyyy-MM-dd HH:mm:ss</prop>
            <prop key=“classic_compatible”>true</prop>
            <prop key=“template_exception_handler”>ignore</prop>
        </props>
    </property>
</bean>

    <!-- Freemarker配置 -->
    <bean id="freemarkerConfig"
          class="org.springframework.web.servlet.view.freemarker.FreeMarkerConfigurer">
        <property name="templateLoaderPath" value="/WEB-INF/view/" />
        <property name="freemarkerSettings">
            <props>
                <prop key="template_update_delay">0</prop>
                <prop key="default_encoding">UTF-8</prop>
                <prop key="number_format">0.##########</prop>
                <prop key="datetime_format">yyyy-MM-dd HH:mm:ss</prop>
                <prop key="classic_compatible">true</prop>
                <prop key="template_exception_handler">ignore</prop>
            </props>
        </property>
    </bean>

五、添加spring MVC的servlet配置文件,命名規則（servlet-name+servlet.xml）

WEB-INF/springmvc-servlet.xml

<?xml version=“1.0” encoding=“UTF-8”?>
<beans xmlns=“http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans”
       xmlns:xsi=“http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance”
       xsi:schemaLocation=”http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans
       http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans/spring-beans-2.5.xsd”>

</beans>

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<beans xmlns="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans"
       xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
       xsi:schemaLocation="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans 
       http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans/spring-beans-2.5.xsd">

</beans>

接着在內容中添加Spring MVC的配置

<!–視圖解釋器 –>
<bean id=“viewResolver”
      class=“org.springframework.web.servlet.view.freemarker.FreeMarkerViewResolver”>
    <property name=“suffix”>
        <value>.ftl</value>
    </property>
    <property name=“contentType” value=“text/html;charset=UTF-8”></property>
</bean>

    <!--視圖解釋器 -->
    <bean id="viewResolver"
          class="org.springframework.web.servlet.view.freemarker.FreeMarkerViewResolver">
        <property name="suffix">
            <value>.ftl</value>
        </property>
        <property name="contentType" value="text/html;charset=UTF-8"></property>
    </bean>

六、創建控制器Controller類

com.qisentech.springmvc.action.HelloWordController.Java

/*
 * 文 件 名 : com.qisentech.springmvc.action.HelloWordController.java
 * 創建日期 : 2013-8-7 11:40:04
 * 創 建 者 : qsyang
 */
package com.qisentech.springmvc.action;

import javax.servlet.http.HttpServletRequest;
import javax.servlet.http.HttpServletResponse;
import org.springframework.web.servlet.ModelAndView;
import org.springframework.web.servlet.mvc.Controller;

/**
 * <p>Title: </p>
 *
 * <p>Description: </p>
 *
 * @author qsyang
 * @version 1.0
 */
public class HelloWordController implements Controller {

    @Override
    public ModelAndView handleRequest(HttpServletRequest hsr
            , HttpServletResponse hsr1) throws Exception {
        ModelAndView mv = new ModelAndView(“hello”);
        mv.addObject(”title”, “Spring MVC And Freemarker”);
        mv.addObject(”content”, “ Hello world ， test my first spring mvc ! ”);
        return mv;
    }
}

/*
 * 文 件 名 : com.qisentech.springmvc.action.HelloWordController.java
 * 創建日期 : 2013-8-7 11:40:04
 * 創 建 者 : qsyang
 */
package com.qisentech.springmvc.action;

import javax.servlet.http.HttpServletRequest;
import javax.servlet.http.HttpServletResponse;
import org.springframework.web.servlet.ModelAndView;
import org.springframework.web.servlet.mvc.Controller;

/**
 * <p>Title: </p>
 *
 * <p>Description: </p>
 *
 * @author qsyang
 * @version 1.0
 */
public class HelloWordController implements Controller {

    @Override
    public ModelAndView handleRequest(HttpServletRequest hsr
            , HttpServletResponse hsr1) throws Exception {
        ModelAndView mv = new ModelAndView("hello");
        mv.addObject("title", "Spring MVC And Freemarker");
        mv.addObject("content", " Hello world ， test my first spring mvc ! ");
        return mv;
    }
}

代碼中new ModelAndView(“hello”)中的hello就是模板文件的名稱
由於我們的Freemarker的模板文件是配置在WEB-INF/view下，參考applicationContext.xml配置
<property name=”templateLoaderPath” value=”/WEB-INF/view/” />
所以我們需要在WEB-INF/view下新建模板文件，名稱（hello.ftl）

<!DOCTYPE html PUBLIC ”-//W3C//DTD HTML 4.01 Transitional//EN”
 “http://www.w3.org/TR/html4/loose.dtd”>
<html>
    <head>
        <meta http-equiv=“Content-Type” content=“text/html; charset=UTF-8”>
        <title>{title}</span><span class="tag">&lt;/</span><span class="tag-name">title</span><span class="tag">&gt;</span><span>&nbsp;&nbsp;</span></span></li><li class="alt"><span>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;<span class="tag">&lt;/</span><span class="tag-name">head</span><span class="tag">&gt;</span><span>&nbsp;&nbsp;</span></span></li><li class=""><span>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;<span class="tag">&lt;</span><span class="tag-name">body</span><span class="tag">&gt;</span><span>&nbsp;&nbsp;</span></span></li><li class="alt"><span>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; {content}
    </body>
</html>

<!DOCTYPE html PUBLIC "-//W3C//DTD HTML 4.01 Transitional//EN" 
 "http://www.w3.org/TR/html4/loose.dtd">
<html>
    <head>
        <meta http-equiv="Content-Type" content="text/html; charset=UTF-8">
        <title>${title}</title>
    </head>
    <body>
        ${content}
    </body>
</html>

七、將控制器交給Spring MVC進行攔截

添加以下內容到springmvc-servlet.xml

<!– 地址轉發器 –>
<bean name=“HelloAction” class=“com.qisentech.springmvc.action.HelloWordController” />
<bean id=“urlMapping”
      class=“org.springframework.web.servlet.handler.SimpleUrlHandlerMapping”>
<property name=“mappings”>
    <props>
        <!– 映射URL地址 –>
        <prop key=“/hello”>HelloAction</prop>
    </props>
</property>
</bean>

<!-- 地址轉發器 -->
<bean name="HelloAction" class="com.qisentech.springmvc.action.HelloWordController" />
<bean id="urlMapping"
      class="org.springframework.web.servlet.handler.SimpleUrlHandlerMapping">
<property name="mappings">
    <props>
        <!-- 映射URL地址 -->
        <prop key="/hello">HelloAction</prop>
    </props>
</property>
</bean>

以上步驟處理好，我們就可以運行了

訪問地址：http://localhost:8088/springMVCAndFreemarker/hello
頁面輸出：
Hello world ， test my first spring mvc !
就此，我們的第一個Spring MVC + Freemarker的示例結束了！

需要源碼的，可以留言，留下郵箱，我看到了給你發過去！

附上項目結構圖：