android--菜單

 

android中菜單分爲三種，分別是，options menu 選項菜單，sub menu 子菜單，context menu 上下文菜單。下面分別舉例演示這三種菜單：

新建一個android project，

options menu，第一種方法，通過xml定義選項菜單，在res文件夾中新建一個名爲menu的文件夾，在其內新建一個options_menu.xml的文件：

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="utf-8"?>
<menu xmlns:android="http://schemas.android.com/apk/res/android" >

    <item
        android:id="@+id/newFile"
        android:icon="@drawable/ic_launcher"
        android:title="@string/newFile"
        />
    <!-- android:icon 設置菜單選項的圖標
    android：title 設置菜單選項的標題 -->
    <item
        android:id="@+id/exit"
        android:icon="@drawable/ic_launcher"
        android:title="@string/exit"
        />

</menu>

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="utf-8"?> <menu xmlns:android="http://schemas.android.com/apk/res/android" > <item android:id="@+id/newFile" android:icon="@drawable/ic_launcher" android:title="@string/newFile" /> <!-- android:icon 設置菜單選項的圖標 android：title 設置菜單選項的標題 --> <item android:id="@+id/exit" android:icon="@drawable/ic_launcher" android:title="@string/exit" /> </menu>
在MenuTestActivity1中：

package cn.sword.activity;

import android.app.Activity;
import android.os.Bundle;
import android.view.Menu;
import android.view.MenuInflater;
import android.view.MenuItem;
import android.view.MenuItem.OnMenuItemClickListener;
import android.widget.Toast;

public class MenuTestActivity1 extends Activity implements OnMenuItemClickListener{
    /** Called when the activity is first created. */
    @Override
    public void onCreate(Bundle savedInstanceState) {
        super.onCreate(savedInstanceState);
        setContentView(R.layout.main);

    }

    @Override
    public boolean onCreateOptionsMenu(Menu menu) {
        MenuInflater inflater = this.getMenuInflater();
        inflater.inflate(R.menu.options_menu, menu);
        //第一種響應菜單點擊事件的方法
        //爲每一個菜單選項添加監聽事件
        //在覆蓋的onMenuItemClick（）方法中判斷並觸發監聽事件
        for(int i=0;i<menu.size();i++){
            menu.getItem(i).setOnMenuItemClickListener((OnMenuItemClickListener) this);
        }

        return super.onCreateOptionsMenu(menu);
    }

    /*第二種響應菜單點擊事件的方法 覆蓋onOptionsItemSelected（）方法
    @Override
    public boolean onOptionsItemSelected(MenuItem item) {
        switch(item.getItemId()){
            case R.id.newFile:
                Toast.makeText(this,"new File", Toast.LENGTH_LONG).show();
                break;
            case R.id.exit:
                this.finish();//退出程序
                break;
        }

        return super.onOptionsItemSelected(item);
    }*/

    public boolean onMenuItemClick(MenuItem item){
        switch(item.getItemId()){
        case R.id.newFile:
            Toast.makeText(this, "new File", Toast.LENGTH_LONG).show();
            break;
        case R.id.exit:
            this.finish();
        }

        return false;
    }

}

package cn.sword.activity; import android.app.Activity; import android.os.Bundle; import android.view.Menu; import android.view.MenuInflater; import android.view.MenuItem; import android.view.MenuItem.OnMenuItemClickListener; import android.widget.Toast; public class MenuTestActivity1 extends Activity implements OnMenuItemClickListener{ /** Called when the activity is first created. */ @Override public void onCreate(Bundle savedInstanceState) { super.onCreate(savedInstanceState); setContentView(R.layout.main); } @Override public boolean onCreateOptionsMenu(Menu menu) { MenuInflater inflater = this.getMenuInflater(); inflater.inflate(R.menu.options_menu, menu); //第一種響應菜單點擊事件的方法 //爲每一個菜單選項添加監聽事件 //在覆蓋的onMenuItemClick（）方法中判斷並觸發監聽事件 for(int i=0;i<menu.size();i++){ menu.getItem(i).setOnMenuItemClickListener((OnMenuItemClickListener) this); } return super.onCreateOptionsMenu(menu); } /*第二種響應菜單點擊事件的方法 覆蓋onOptionsItemSelected（）方法 @Override public boolean onOptionsItemSelected(MenuItem item) { switch(item.getItemId()){ case R.id.newFile: Toast.makeText(this,"new File", Toast.LENGTH_LONG).show(); break; case R.id.exit: this.finish();//退出程序 break; } return super.onOptionsItemSelected(item); }*/ public boolean onMenuItemClick(MenuItem item){ switch(item.getItemId()){ case R.id.newFile: Toast.makeText(this, "new File", Toast.LENGTH_LONG).show(); break; case R.id.exit: this.finish(); } return false; } }

在模擬器中點擊Menu鍵效果：

options menu，第二種方法，動態添加刪除菜單

在MenuTestActivity2中：

package cn.class3g.activity;

import android.app.Activity;
import android.os.Bundle;
import android.view.Menu;
import android.view.MenuInflater;
import android.view.MenuItem;
import android.widget.Toast;

public class MenuTestActivity2 extends Activity {
<span style="white-space:pre">    </span>//定義菜單項
    private static final int SAVE=1;
    private static final int SAVESAVE_AS = SAVE+1;
    private static final int DELETE = SAVE+2;
    //聲明一個menu對象
    Menu menu = null;

package cn.class3g.activity; import android.app.Activity; import android.os.Bundle; import android.view.Menu; import android.view.MenuInflater; import android.view.MenuItem; import android.widget.Toast; public class MenuTestActivity2 extends Activity { <span style="white-space:pre"> </span>//定義菜單項 private static final int SAVE=1; private static final int SAVE_AS = SAVE+1; private static final int DELETE = SAVE+2; //聲明一個menu對象 Menu menu = null;

    public void onCreate(Bundle savedInstanceState) {
        super.onCreate(savedInstanceState);
        setContentView(R.layout.main);
    }

    public boolean onCreateOptionsMenu(Menu menu) {
        MenuInflater inflater = this.getMenuInflater();
        inflater.inflate(R.menu.options_menu, menu);

        //向菜單中添加菜單項
        menu.add(1, SAVE, 1, "保存");
        menu.add(1,SAVE_AS, 2, "另存爲");
        menu.add(1,DELETE, 3, "刪除保存");
        //設置菜單項的圖標
        menu.findItem(SAVE).setIcon(R.drawable.ic_launcher);

        this.menu = menu;

        return true;
    }

<span style="white-space:pre">    </span>//動態的修改菜單title
    int i=1;
    public boolean onPrepareOptionsMenu(Menu menu) {
        MenuItem item = menu.findItem(SAVE_AS);
        item.setTitle(item.getTitle() + "" + i);

public void onCreate(Bundle savedInstanceState) { super.onCreate(savedInstanceState); setContentView(R.layout.main); } public boolean onCreateOptionsMenu(Menu menu) { MenuInflater inflater = this.getMenuInflater(); inflater.inflate(R.menu.options_menu, menu); //向菜單中添加菜單項 menu.add(1, SAVE, 1, "保存"); menu.add(1,SAVE_AS, 2, "另存爲"); menu.add(1,DELETE, 3, "刪除保存"); //設置菜單項的圖標 menu.findItem(SAVE).setIcon(R.drawable.ic_launcher); this.menu = menu; return true; } <span style="white-space:pre"> </span>//動態的修改菜單title int i=1; public boolean onPrepareOptionsMenu(Menu menu) { MenuItem item = menu.findItem(SAVE_AS); item.setTitle(item.getTitle() + "" + i);

    i++;
    return super.onPrepareOptionsMenu(menu);
}
lt;span style="white-space:pre"> </span>//響應菜單單擊事件
public boolean onOptionsItemSelected(MenuItem item) {
    switch (item.getItemId()) {
    case R.id.newFile:

i++; return super.onPrepareOptionsMenu(menu); } <span style="white-space:pre"> </span>//響應菜單單擊事件 public boolean onOptionsItemSelected(MenuItem item) { switch (item.getItemId()) { case R.id.newFile:

    Toast.makeText(this, "new file", Toast.LENGTH_LONG).show();//利用Toast彈出文本信息
    break;
case R.id.exit:
    // Toast.makeText(this, "exit", Toast.LENGTH_LONG).show();
    this.finish();//關閉Activity
    break;
case DELETE:<pre name="code" class="html"><span style="white-space:pre">            </span>//menu.removeGroup(1);//刪除一組菜單

Toast.makeText(this, "new file", Toast.LENGTH_LONG).show();//利用Toast彈出文本信息 break; case R.id.exit: // Toast.makeText(this, "exit", Toast.LENGTH_LONG).show(); this.finish();//關閉Activity break; case DELETE:<pre name="code" class="html"><span style="white-space:pre"> </span>//menu.removeGroup(1);//刪除一組菜單 menu.removeItem(SAVE_AS);//刪除一個菜單break;}return true;}}

sub menu 子菜單

利用xml定義菜單參考options menu。

動態的添加子菜單：

在MenuTestActivity3中：

package cn.sword.activity;

import android.app.Activity;
import android.os.Bundle;
import android.view.Menu;
import android.view.MenuInflater;
import android.view.MenuItem;
import android.view.SubMenu;
import android.widget.Toast;

public class MenuTestActivity3 extends Activity {
<span style="white-space:pre">    </span>//定義菜單項
    private static final int SUBMENU = 10;
    private static final int SUBITEM1 = SUBMENU+1;
    private static final int SUBITEM2 = SUBMENU+2;
    private static final int SUBITEM3 = SUBMENU+3;

    @Override
    protected void onCreate(Bundle savedInstanceState) {
        super.onCreate(savedInstanceState);
        this.setContentView(R.layout.main);
    }

    public boolean onCreateOptionsMenu(Menu menu){
        MenuInflater inflater = this.getMenuInflater();
        inflater.inflate(R.menu.sub_menu, menu);
        //添加子菜單
        SubMenu subMenu = menu.addSubMenu(1,SUBMENU,1,"子菜單");
        subMenu.add(20,SUBITEM1,1,"subitem1");
        subMenu.add(20,SUBITEM2,2,"subitem2");
        subMenu.add(30,SUBITEM3,3,"subitem3");

        subMenu.setGroupCheckable(20, true, false);
        //第二個參數是否可選
        //當第三個參數爲true時爲這組菜單爲互斥（單選）菜單
        //當第三個參數爲false時爲組菜單爲複選菜單

        MenuItem item = subMenu.getItem(0);
        //item.setCheckable(false);//設置該項菜單爲單選或複選
        item.setChecked(true);//設置菜單的默認選項

        //subMenu.getItem(0).setCheckable(true);

        return true;
    }

    @Override
    public boolean onOptionsItemSelected(MenuItem item) {
        switch(item.getItemId()){
            case R.id.menuitem1:
                Toast.makeText(this,"menuitem1", Toast.LENGTH_LONG).show();
                break;
            case R.id.menuitem2:
                Toast.makeText(this,"menuitem2", Toast.LENGTH_LONG).show();
                break;
            case R.id.subitem1:
                Toast.makeText(this,"subitem1", Toast.LENGTH_LONG).show();
                break;
            case R.id.subitem2:
                Toast.makeText(this,"subitem2", Toast.LENGTH_LONG).show();
                break;
            case SUBITEM1:
                Toast.makeText(this,"SUBITEM1", Toast.LENGTH_LONG).show();
                break;
            case SUBITEM2:
                Toast.makeText(this,"SUBITEM2", Toast.LENGTH_LONG).show();
                //this.finish();//退出程序
                break;
        }

        return super.onOptionsItemSelected(item);
    }
}

package cn.sword.activity; import android.app.Activity; import android.os.Bundle; import android.view.Menu; import android.view.MenuInflater; import android.view.MenuItem; import android.view.SubMenu; import android.widget.Toast; public class MenuTestActivity3 extends Activity { <span style="white-space:pre"> </span>//定義菜單項 private static final int SUBMENU = 10; private static final int SUBITEM1 = SUBMENU+1; private static final int SUBITEM2 = SUBMENU+2; private static final int SUBITEM3 = SUBMENU+3; @Override protected void onCreate(Bundle savedInstanceState) { super.onCreate(savedInstanceState); this.setContentView(R.layout.main); } public boolean onCreateOptionsMenu(Menu menu){ MenuInflater inflater = this.getMenuInflater(); inflater.inflate(R.menu.sub_menu, menu); //添加子菜單 SubMenu subMenu = menu.addSubMenu(1,SUBMENU,1,"子菜單"); subMenu.add(20,SUBITEM1,1,"subitem1"); subMenu.add(20,SUBITEM2,2,"subitem2"); subMenu.add(30,SUBITEM3,3,"subitem3"); subMenu.setGroupCheckable(20, true, false); //第二個參數是否可選 //當第三個參數爲true時爲這組菜單爲互斥（單選）菜單 //當第三個參數爲false時爲組菜單爲複選菜單 MenuItem item = subMenu.getItem(0); //item.setCheckable(false);//設置該項菜單爲單選或複選 item.setChecked(true);//設置菜單的默認選項 //subMenu.getItem(0).setCheckable(true); return true; } @Override public boolean onOptionsItemSelected(MenuItem item) { switch(item.getItemId()){ case R.id.menuitem1: Toast.makeText(this,"menuitem1", Toast.LENGTH_LONG).show(); break; case R.id.menuitem2: Toast.makeText(this,"menuitem2", Toast.LENGTH_LONG).show(); break; case R.id.subitem1: Toast.makeText(this,"subitem1", Toast.LENGTH_LONG).show(); break; case R.id.subitem2: Toast.makeText(this,"subitem2", Toast.LENGTH_LONG).show(); break; case SUBITEM1: Toast.makeText(this,"SUBITEM1", Toast.LENGTH_LONG).show(); break; case SUBITEM2: Toast.makeText(this,"SUBITEM2", Toast.LENGTH_LONG).show(); //this.finish();//退出程序 break; } return super.onOptionsItemSelected(item); } }
在模擬器中點擊Menu鍵：

單擊子菜單：

context menu 上下文菜單：context menu需要綁定在TextView上並在其上按2s後顯示。

在MenuTestActivity4中：

package cn.sword.activity;

import android.app.Activity;
import android.os.Bundle;
import android.view.ContextMenu;
import android.view.ContextMenu.ContextMenuInfo;
import android.view.MenuInflater;
import android.view.MenuItem;
import android.view.View;
import android.widget.TextView;
import android.widget.Toast;

public class MenuTestActivity4 extends Activity {
    @Override
    protected void onCreate(Bundle savedInstanceState) {
        super.onCreate(savedInstanceState);
        this.setContentView(R.layout.main);
        //將上下文菜單綁定到TextView上
        TextView tv = (TextView) this.findViewById(R.id.textView);
        this.registerForContextMenu(tv);
    }

    @Override
    public boolean onContextItemSelected(MenuItem item) {
        switch(item.getItemId()){
            case R.id.subitem1:
                Toast.makeText(this, "subitem1",Toast.LENGTH_LONG).show();
                break;
            case R.id.subitem2:
                Toast.makeText(this, "subitem2",Toast.LENGTH_LONG).show();
                break;
        }
        return super.onContextItemSelected(item);
    }

    //每次上下文菜單顯示都會調用
    public void onCreateContextMenu(ContextMenu menu, View v,
            ContextMenuInfo menuInfo) {

        MenuInflater inflater = this.getMenuInflater();
        inflater.inflate(R.menu.sub_menu, menu);
        super.onCreateContextMenu(menu, v, menuInfo);
    }
}

package cn.sword.activity; import android.app.Activity; import android.os.Bundle; import android.view.ContextMenu; import android.view.ContextMenu.ContextMenuInfo; import android.view.MenuInflater; import android.view.MenuItem; import android.view.View; import android.widget.TextView; import android.widget.Toast; public class MenuTestActivity4 extends Activity { @Override protected void onCreate(Bundle savedInstanceState) { super.onCreate(savedInstanceState); this.setContentView(R.layout.main); //將上下文菜單綁定到TextView上 TextView tv = (TextView) this.findViewById(R.id.textView); this.registerForContextMenu(tv); } @Override public boolean onContextItemSelected(MenuItem item) { switch(item.getItemId()){ case R.id.subitem1: Toast.makeText(this, "subitem1",Toast.LENGTH_LONG).show(); break; case R.id.subitem2: Toast.makeText(this, "subitem2",Toast.LENGTH_LONG).show(); break; } return super.onContextItemSelected(item); } //每次上下文菜單顯示都會調用 public void onCreateContextMenu(ContextMenu menu, View v, ContextMenuInfo menuInfo) { MenuInflater inflater = this.getMenuInflater(); inflater.inflate(R.menu.sub_menu, menu); super.onCreateContextMenu(menu, v, menuInfo); } }
運行模擬器，點擊文本內容2s後：