ActiveMQ學習筆記(四)http://my.oschina.net/xiaoxishan/blog/380446 中記錄瞭如何使用原生的方式從ActiveMQ中收發消息。可以看出,每次收發消息都要寫許多重複的代碼,Spring 爲我們提供了更爲方便的方式,這就是Spring JMS。我們通過一個例子展開講述。包括隊列、主題消息的收發相關的Spring配置、代碼、測試。
本例中,消息的收發都寫在了一個工程裏。
1.使用maven管理依賴包
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< dependencies > < dependency > < groupId >junit</ groupId > < artifactId >junit</ artifactId > < version >4.12</ version > < scope >test</ scope > </ dependency > < dependency > < groupId >org.apache.activemq</ groupId > < artifactId >activemq-all</ artifactId > < version >5.11.0</ version > </ dependency > < dependency > < groupId >org.springframework</ groupId > < artifactId >spring-jms</ artifactId > < version >4.1.4.RELEASE</ version > </ dependency > < dependency > < groupId >org.springframework</ groupId > < artifactId >spring-test</ artifactId > < version >4.1.4.RELEASE</ version > </ dependency > </ dependencies > |
2.隊列消息的收發
2.1Spring配置文件
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<? xml version = "1.0" encoding = "UTF-8" ?> < beans xmlns = "http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans" xmlns:xsi = "http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xsi:schemaLocation="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans/spring-beans.xsd"> <!-- 配置JMS連接工廠 --> < bean id = "connectionFactory" class = "org.apache.activemq.ActiveMQConnectionFactory" > < property name = "brokerURL" value = "failover:(tcp://localhost:61616)" /> </ bean > <!-- 定義消息隊列(Queue) --> < bean id = "queueDestination" class = "org.apache.activemq.command.ActiveMQQueue" > <!-- 設置消息隊列的名字 --> < constructor-arg > < value >queue1</ value > </ constructor-arg > </ bean > <!-- 配置JMS模板(Queue),Spring提供的JMS工具類,它發送、接收消息。 --> < bean id = "jmsTemplate" class = "org.springframework.jms.core.JmsTemplate" > < property name = "connectionFactory" ref = "connectionFactory" /> < property name = "defaultDestination" ref = "queueDestination" /> < property name = "receiveTimeout" value = "10000" /> </ bean > <!--queue消息生產者 --> < bean id = "producerService" class = "guo.examples.mq02.queue.ProducerServiceImpl" > < property name = "jmsTemplate" ref = "jmsTemplate" ></ property > </ bean > <!--queue消息消費者 --> < bean id = "consumerService" class = "guo.examples.mq02.queue.ConsumerServiceImpl" > < property name = "jmsTemplate" ref = "jmsTemplate" ></ property > </ bean > |
2.2消息生產者代碼
從下面的代碼可以出,使用Spring JMS,可以減少重複代碼(接口類ProducerService代碼省略)。
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package guo.examples.mq02.queue; import javax.jms.Destination; import javax.jms.JMSException; import javax.jms.Message; import javax.jms.Session; import org.springframework.jms.core.JmsTemplate; import org.springframework.jms.core.MessageCreator; public class ProducerServiceImpl implements ProducerService { private JmsTemplate jmsTemplate; /** * 向指定隊列發送消息 */ public void sendMessage(Destination destination, final String msg) { System.out.println( "向隊列" + destination.toString() + "發送了消息------------" + msg); jmsTemplate.send(destination, new MessageCreator() { public Message createMessage(Session session) throws JMSException { return session.createTextMessage(msg); } }); } /** * 向默認隊列發送消息 */ public void sendMessage( final String msg) { String destination = jmsTemplate.getDefaultDestination().toString(); System.out.println( "向隊列" +destination+ "發送了消息------------" + msg); jmsTemplate.send( new MessageCreator() { public Message createMessage(Session session) throws JMSException { return session.createTextMessage(msg); } }); } public void setJmsTemplate(JmsTemplate jmsTemplate) { this .jmsTemplate = jmsTemplate; } } |
2.3消息消費者代碼
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package guo.examples.mq02.queue; import javax.jms.Destination; import javax.jms.JMSException; import javax.jms.TextMessage; import org.springframework.jms.core.JmsTemplate; public class ConsumerServiceImpl implements ConsumerService { private JmsTemplate jmsTemplate; /** * 接受消息 */ public void receive(Destination destination) { TextMessage tm = (TextMessage) jmsTemplate.receive(destination); try { System.out.println( "從隊列" + destination.toString() + "收到了消息:\t" + tm.getText()); } catch (JMSException e) { e.printStackTrace(); } } public void setJmsTemplate(JmsTemplate jmsTemplate) { this .jmsTemplate = jmsTemplate; } } |
2.4隊列消息監聽
接受消息的時候,可以不用2.3節中的方式,Spring JMS同樣提供了消息監聽的模式,下面給出對應的配置和代碼。
Spring配置
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<!-- 定義消息隊列(Queue),我們監聽一個新的隊列,queue2 --> < bean id = "queueDestination2" class = "org.apache.activemq.command.ActiveMQQueue" > <!-- 設置消息隊列的名字 --> < constructor-arg > < value >queue2</ value > </ constructor-arg > </ bean > <!-- 配置消息隊列監聽者(Queue),代碼下面給出,只有一個onMessage方法 --> < bean id = "queueMessageListener" class = "guo.examples.mq02.queue.QueueMessageListener" /> <!-- 消息監聽容器(Queue),配置連接工廠,監聽的隊列是queue2,監聽器是上面定義的監聽器 --> < bean id = "jmsContainer" class = "org.springframework.jms.listener.DefaultMessageListenerContainer" > < property name = "connectionFactory" ref = "connectionFactory" /> < property name = "destination" ref = "queueDestination2" /> < property name = "messageListener" ref = "queueMessageListener" /> </ bean > |
監聽類代碼
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package guo.examples.mq02.queue; import javax.jms.JMSException; import javax.jms.Message; import javax.jms.MessageListener; import javax.jms.TextMessage; public class QueueMessageListener implements MessageListener { //當收到消息時,自動調用該方法。 public void onMessage(Message message) { TextMessage tm = (TextMessage) message; try { System.out.println( "ConsumerMessageListener收到了文本消息:\t" + tm.getText()); } catch (JMSException e) { e.printStackTrace(); } } } |
3.主題消息收發
在使用Spring JMS的時候,主題(Topic)和隊列消息的主要差異體現在JmsTemplate中"pubSubDomain"是否設置爲True。如果爲True,則是Topic;如果是false或者默認,則是queue。
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< property name = "pubSubDomain" value = "true" /> |
3.1Spring配置
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<!-- 定義消息主題(Topic) --> < bean id = "topicDestination" class = "org.apache.activemq.command.ActiveMQTopic" > < constructor-arg > < value >guo_topic</ value > </ constructor-arg > </ bean > <!-- 配置JMS模板(Topic),pubSubDomain="true"--> < bean id = "topicJmsTemplate" class = "org.springframework.jms.core.JmsTemplate" > < property name = "connectionFactory" ref = "connectionFactory" /> < property name = "defaultDestination" ref = "topicDestination" /> < property name = "pubSubDomain" value = "true" /> < property name = "receiveTimeout" value = "10000" /> </ bean > <!--topic消息發佈者 --> < bean id = "topicProvider" class = "guo.examples.mq02.topic.TopicProvider" > < property name = "topicJmsTemplate" ref = "topicJmsTemplate" ></ property > </ bean > <!-- 消息主題監聽者 和 主題監聽容器 可以配置多個,即多個訂閱者 --> <!-- 消息主題監聽者(Topic) --> < bean id = "topicMessageListener" class = "guo.examples.mq02.topic.TopicMessageListener" /> <!-- 主題監聽容器 (Topic) --> < bean id = "topicJmsContainer" class = "org.springframework.jms.listener.DefaultMessageListenerContainer" > < property name = "connectionFactory" ref = "connectionFactory" /> < property name = "destination" ref = "topicDestination" /> < property name = "messageListener" ref = "topicMessageListener" /> </ bean > |
3.2消息發佈者
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package guo.examples.mq02.topic; import javax.jms.Destination; import javax.jms.JMSException; import javax.jms.Message; import javax.jms.Session; import org.springframework.jms.core.JmsTemplate; import org.springframework.jms.core.MessageCreator; public class TopicProvider { private JmsTemplate topicJmsTemplate; /** * 向指定的topic發佈消息 * * @param topic * @param msg */ public void publish( final Destination topic, final String msg) { topicJmsTemplate.send(topic, new MessageCreator() { public Message createMessage(Session session) throws JMSException { System.out.println( "topic name 是" + topic.toString() + ",發佈消息內容爲:\t" + msg); return session.createTextMessage(msg); } }); } public void setTopicJmsTemplate(JmsTemplate topicJmsTemplate) { this .topicJmsTemplate = topicJmsTemplate; } } |
3.3消息訂閱者(監聽)
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package guo.examples.mq02.topic; import javax.jms.JMSException; import javax.jms.Message; import javax.jms.MessageListener; import javax.jms.TextMessage; /** *和隊列監聽的代碼一樣。 */ public class TopicMessageListener implements MessageListener { public void onMessage(Message message) { TextMessage tm = (TextMessage) message; try { System.out.println( "TopicMessageListener \t" + tm.getText()); } catch (JMSException e) { e.printStackTrace(); } } } |
4.測試
4.1 測試代碼
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package guo.examples.mq02; import javax.jms.Destination; import guo.examples.mq02.queue.ConsumerService; import guo.examples.mq02.queue.ProducerService; import guo.examples.mq02.topic.TopicProvider; import org.junit.Test; import org.junit.runner.RunWith; import org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.Autowired; import org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.Qualifier; import org.springframework.test.context.ContextConfiguration; import org.springframework.test.context.junit4.SpringJUnit4ClassRunner; /** * 測試Spring JMS * * 1.測試生產者發送消息 * * 2. 測試消費者接受消息 * * 3. 測試消息監聽 * * 4.測試主題監聽 * */ @RunWith (SpringJUnit4ClassRunner. class ) // ApplicationContext context = new // ClassPathXmlApplicationContext("applicationContext.xml"); @ContextConfiguration ( "/applicationContext.xml" ) public class SpringJmsTest { /** * 隊列名queue1 */ @Autowired private Destination queueDestination; /** * 隊列名queue2 */ @Autowired private Destination queueDestination2; /** * 主題 guo_topic */ @Autowired @Qualifier ( "topicDestination" ) private Destination topic; /** * 主題消息發佈者 */ @Autowired private TopicProvider topicProvider; /** * 隊列消息生產者 */ @Autowired @Qualifier ( "producerService" ) private ProducerService producer; /** * 隊列消息生產者 */ @Autowired @Qualifier ( "consumerService" ) private ConsumerService consumer; /** * 測試生產者向queue1發送消息 */ @Test public void testProduce() { String msg = "Hello world!" ; producer.sendMessage(msg); } /** * 測試消費者從queue1接受消息 */ @Test public void testConsume() { consumer.receive(queueDestination); } /** * 測試消息監聽 * * 1.生產者向隊列queue2發送消息 * * 2.ConsumerMessageListener監聽隊列,並消費消息 */ @Test public void testSend() { producer.sendMessage(queueDestination2, "Hello China~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~" ); } /** * 測試主題監聽 * * 1.生產者向主題發佈消息 * * 2.ConsumerMessageListener監聽主題,並消費消息 */ @Test public void testTopic() throws Exception { topicProvider.publish(topic, "Hello T-To-Top-Topi-Topic!" ); } } |
4.2 測試結果
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topic name 是topic: //guo_topic ,發佈消息內容爲:
Hello T-To-Top-Topi-Topic! TopicMessageListener
Hello T-To-Top-Topi-Topic! 向隊列queue: //queue2 發送了消息------------Hello China~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~ ConsumerMessageListener收到了文本消息:
Hello China~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~ 向隊列queue: //queue1 發送了消息------------Hello world! 從隊列queue: //queue1 收到了消息:
Hello world! |
5.代碼地址
http://pan.baidu.com/s/1gdvPpWf