在搭建過程中遇到的問題.並記錄下來.
剛開學習始搭建環境的朋友少走一些彎路.
這沒有過多的參數,並不是什麼高性能網站的部署.
本人經驗有限,在此分享一些遇到的問題.
操作環境
操作系統:Mac Os Lion
虛擬主機:VMware Fusion
虛擬系統:Centos 5.5+
操作用戶:Root
實現目的:搭建LNMP環境.
安裝依賴庫和開發環境
#依賴庫和開發工具 yum -y install gcc gcc-c++ autoconf libjpeg libjpeg-devel libpng libpng-devel freetype freetype-devel libxml2 libxml2-devel zlib zlib-devel glibc glibc-devel glib2 glib2-devel bzip2 bzip2-devel ncurses ncurses-devel curl curl-devel e2fsprogs e2fsprogs-devel krb5 krb5-devel libidn libidn-devel openssl openssl-devel openldap openldap-devel nss_ldap openldap-clients openldap-servers #Nginx yum -y install pcre-devel zlib-devel #Php yum -y install gd-devel libjpeg-devel libpng-devel freetype-devel libxml2-devel curl-devel freetype-devel #Mysql yum -y install bison gcc gcc-c++ autoconf automake zlib* libxml* ncurses-devel libtool-ltdl-devel* mysql-devel
下載軟件包
#創建目錄 mkdir /web cd /web #PHP5.3.7 wget http://cn.php.net/distributions/php-5.3.8.tar.bz2
#PHP庫文件 wget http://ncu.dl.sourceforge.net/project/mcrypt/MCrypt/2.6.8/mcrypt-2.6.8.tar.gz wget http://ncu.dl.sourceforge.net/project/mhash/mhash/0.9.9.9/mhash-0.9.9.9.tar.gz wget http://ncu.dl.sourceforge.net/project/mcrypt/Libmcrypt/2.5.8/libmcrypt-2.5.8.tar.gz wget http://ftp.gnu.org/pub/gnu/libiconv/libiconv-1.14.tar.gz #Nginx1.0.9 wget http://www.nginx.org/download/nginx-1.0.9.tar.gz #Nginx(pcre) wget ftp://ftp.csx.cam.ac.uk/pub/software/programming/pcre/pcre-8.13.tar.gz #Mysql5.5.17 wget http://dev.mysql.com/get/Downloads/MySQL-5.5/mysql-5.5.17.tar.gz/from/http://mysql.ntu.edu.tw/ #Mysql(cmake) wget http://www.cmake.org/files/v2.8/cmake-2.8.6.tar.gz
安裝Mysql
#安裝cmake tar -zxvf cmake-2.8.6.tar.gz cd cmake-2.8.6/ ./configure gmake && gmake install && cd ../ #添加mysql用戶 /usr/sbin/groupadd mysql /usr/sbin/useradd -g mysql mysql mkdir -p /data/mysql chown -R mysql:mysql /data/mysql #安裝Mysql tar -zxvf mysql-5.5.17.tar.gz cd mysql-5.5.17 cmake . -DCMAKE_INSTALL_PREFIX=/usr/local/mysql -DMYSQL_DATADIR=/data/mysql -DSYSCONFDIR=/etc/ make && make install #設置Mysql #在support-files目錄中有五個配置信息文件: #my-small.cnf (內存<=64M) #my-medium.cnf (內存 128M) #my-large.cnf (內存 512M) #my-huge.cnf (內存 1G-2G) #my-innodb-heavy-4G.cnf (內存 4GB) cd /usr/local/mysql cp ./support-files/my-medium.cnf /etc/my.cnf vi /etc/my.cnf #在 [mysqld] 段增加 datadir = /data/mysql wait-timeout = 30 max_connections = 512 default-storage-engine = MyISAM #在 [mysqld] 段修改 max_allowed_packet = 16M #生成授權表 cd /usr/local/mysql ./scripts/mysql_install_db --user=mysql #更改密碼 /usr/local/mysql/bin/mysqladmin -u root password 123456 #開啓mysql /usr/local/mysql/bin/mysqld_safe & #測試連接mysql /usr/local/mysql/bin/mysql -u root -p 123456 show databases; exit; #設置開機啓動 vi /etc/rc.d/rc.local #加入 /usr/local/mysql/bin/mysqld_safe &
安裝PHP
#1 tar -zxvf libiconv-1.14.tar.gz && cd libiconv-1.14/ ./configure --prefix=/usr/local make && make install && cd ../ #2 tar -zxvf libmcrypt-2.5.8.tar.gz && cd libmcrypt-2.5.8/ ./configure && make && make install /sbin/ldconfig && cd libltdl/ && ./configure --enable-ltdl-install make && make install && cd ../ #3 tar -zxvf mhash-0.9.9.9.tar.gz && cd mhash-0.9.9.9/ && ./configure make && make install && cd ../ #4 ln -s /usr/local/lib/libmcrypt.la /usr/lib/libmcrypt.la ln -s /usr/local/lib/libmcrypt.so /usr/lib/libmcrypt.so ln -s /usr/local/lib/libmcrypt.so.4 /usr/lib/libmcrypt.so.4 ln -s /usr/local/lib/libmcrypt.so.4.4.8 /usr/lib/libmcrypt.so.4.4.8 ln -s /usr/local/lib/libmhash.a /usr/lib/libmhash.a ln -s /usr/local/lib/libmhash.la /usr/lib/libmhash.la ln -s /usr/local/lib/libmhash.so /usr/lib/libmhash.so ln -s /usr/local/lib/libmhash.so.2 /usr/lib/libmhash.so.2 ln -s /usr/local/lib/libmhash.so.2.0.1 /usr/lib/libmhash.so.2.0.1 ln -s /usr/local/bin/libmcrypt-config /usr/bin/libmcrypt-config #5 tar -zxvf mcrypt-2.6.8.tar.gz &&cd mcrypt-2.6.8/ /sbin/ldconfig ./configure make && make install && cd ../ #6 tar -xjvf php-5.3.8.tar.bz2 cd php-5.3.8 ./configure --prefix=/usr/local/php \ --with-config-file-path=/usr/local/php/etc \ --with-iconv-dir=/usr/local/ --with-freetype-dir \ --with-mysql=/usr/local/mysql \ --with-mysqli=/usr/local/mysql/bin/mysql_config \ --with-jpeg-dir --with-png-dir --with-zlib \ --with-mhash --enable-sockets --enable-ftp \ --with-libxml-dir --enable-xml --disable-rpath \ --enable-safe-mode --enable-bcmath \ --enable-shmop --enable-sysvsem \ --enable-inline-optimization --with-curl \ --with-curlwrappers \ --enable-mbregex \ --enable-mbstring --with-mcrypt --with-gd \ --enable-gd-native-ttf --with-openssl --with-mhash \ --enable-pcntl --enable-sockets --with-ldap --with-ldap-sasl \ --enable-fpm \ --with-xmlrpc --enable-zip --enable-soap \ --without-pear \ make ZEND_EXTRA_LIBS='-liconv' #注意這裏容易出現 make: *** [ext/phar/phar.php] 錯誤 127 #出現mysql client解決方法 #ln -s /usr/local/mysql/lib/libmysqlclient.so /usr/lib/ #ln -s /usr/local/mysql/lib/libmysqlclient.so.18 /usr/lib/libmysqlclient.so.18 #或者chmod: 無法訪問 “ext/phar/phar.phar”: 沒有那個文件或目錄 #make: [ext/phar/phar.phar] 錯誤 1 (忽略) #解決方法在編譯的時候加--without-pear參數
#如果還不行,make的時候不添加 ZEND_EXTRA_LIBS='-liconv' 參數 make install #選擇PHP.ini配置文件 cp php.ini-production /usr/local/php/etc/php.ini
更改PHP-FPM
#添加WWW用戶 /usr/sbin/groupadd www && /usr/sbin/useradd -g www www mkdir -p /var/log/nginx && chmod +w /var/log/nginx &&chown -R www:www /var/log/nginx mkdir -p /data/www && chmod +w /data/www && chown -R www:www /data/www cp /usr/local/php/etc/php-fpm.conf.default /usr/local/php/etc/php-fpm.conf vi /usr/local/php/etc/php-fpm.conf #去掉/更改 配置文件中的; pm.max_children = 64 pm.start_servers = 20 pm.min_spare_servers = 5 pm.max_spare_servers = 35 pm.max_requests = 1024 user = www group = www #檢查語法是否正確 /usr/local/php/sbin/php-fpm -t #出現NOTICE: configuration file /usr/local/php/etc/php-fpm.conf test is successful 測試成功 /usr/local/php/sbin/php-fpm & #設置開機啓動 vi /etc/rc.d/rc.local #在行末加入 /usr/local/php/sbin/php-fpm & #返回安裝包目錄 cd /web
安裝Nginx
#安裝pcre庫 tar -zxvf pcre-8.13.tar.gz && cd pcre-8.13/ && ./configure make && make install && cd ../ #安裝Nginx tar -zxvf nginx-1.0.9.tar.gz && cd nginx-1.0.9 && ./configure --user=www --group=www \ --prefix=/usr/local/nginx \ --sbin-path=/usr/local/nginx/sbin/nginx \ --conf-path=/usr/local/nginx/conf/nginx.conf \ --with-http_stub_status_module \ --with-http_ssl_module \ --with-pcre \ --lock-path=/var/run/nginx.lock \ --pid-path=/var/run/nginx.pid make && make install && cd ../ #更改配置 vi /usr/local/nginx/conf/nginx.conf #修改一些參數,別直接替換文件,這只是一部分 user www events { use epoll; worker_connections 1024; } location ~ \.php$ { root html; fastcgi_pass 127.0.0.1:9000; fastcgi_index index.php; fastcgi_param SCRIPT_FILENAME $document_root$fastcgi_script_name; include fastcgi_params; } #注意這裏 #$document_root$fastcgi_script_name;
#檢測配置文件 /usr/local/nginx/sbin/nginx -t #提示表示成功 #nginx: the configuration file /usr/local/nginx/conf/nginx.conf syntax is ok #nginx: configuration file /usr/local/nginx/conf/nginx.conf test is successful #開啓Nginx /usr/local/nginx/sbin/nginx &
#平滑重啓Nginx /usr/local/nginx/sbin/nginx -s reload #添加開機啓動 vi /etc/rc.d/rc.local #最後移行加入 /usr/local/nginx/sbin/nginx #測試 cd /usr/local/nginx/html/ touch index.php vi /usr/local/nginx/html/index.php <?php phpinfo(); ?>
./configure --prefix=/www/server/php --with-config-file-path=/www/server/php/etc --enable-fastcgi --with-mysqli=/www/server/mysql/bin/mysql_config --with-mysql=/www/server/mysql --with-iconv-dir=/www/server/phpextend/libiconv --with-freetype-dir=/www/server/phpextend/freetype --with-jpeg-dir=/www/server/phpextend/jepgsrc --with-png-dir=/www/server/phpextend/libpng --with-mhash=/www/server/phpextend/mhash --with-gd=/www/server/phpextend/gd --with-zlib --with-libxml-dir --enable-xml --disable-rpath --enable-bcmath --enable-shmop --enable-sysvsem --enable-inline-optimization --with-curl --enable-mbregex --enable-fpm --enable-mbstring --without-pear --enable-cli --enable-gd-native-ttf --with-openssl --enable-pcntl --enable-sockets --with-xmlrpc --enable-zip --enable-soap
./configure --prefix=/www/server/phpextend/gd --with-jpeg=/www/server/phpextend/jepgsrc --with-png=/www/server/phpextend/libpng --with-zlib --with-freetype=/www/server/phpextend/freetype