Android DrawLayout抽屜效果的導航菜單實現

抽屜效果的導航菜單

　　看了很多應用，覺得這種側滑的抽屜效果的菜單很好。

　　不用切換到另一個頁面，也不用去按菜單的硬件按鈕，直接在界面上一個按鈕點擊，菜單就滑出來，而且感覺能放很多東西。

 

　　關於實現，搜索了一下，有如下兩種：

　　1.用SlidingDrawer：

　　http://developer.android.com/reference/android/widget/SlidingDrawer.html

　　但是不知道爲什麼這個類官方不建議再繼續用了：

　　Deprecated since API level 17

　　2.用DrawerLayout：

　　http://developer.android.com/reference/android/support/v4/widget/DrawerLayout.html

　　Guide在這裏：

　　http://developer.android.com/training/implementing-navigation/nav-drawer.html

 

庫的引用

 　　首先， DrawerLayout這個類是在Support Library裏的，需要加上android-support-v4.jar這個包。

　　然後程序中用時在前面導入import android.support.v4.widget.DrawerLayout;

　　如果找不到這個類，首先用SDK Manager更新一下Android Support Library，然後在Android SDK\extras\android\support\v4路徑下找到android-support-v4.jar，複製到項目的libs路徑，將其Add to Build Path.

 

代碼1

　　佈局：

<RelativeLayout xmlns:android="http://schemas.android.com/apk/res/android"
    xmlns:tools="http://schemas.android.com/tools"
    android:layout_width="match_parent"
    android:layout_height="match_parent" >

    <android.support.v4.widget.DrawerLayout
        xmlns:android="http://schemas.android.com/apk/res/android"
        android:id="@+id/drawer_layout"
        android:layout_width="match_parent"
        android:layout_height="match_parent" >

        <!-- The main content view -->
        <!-- main content must be the first element of DrawerLayout because it will be drawn first and drawer must be on top of it -->

        <FrameLayout
            android:id="@+id/content_frame"
            android:layout_width="match_parent"
            android:layout_height="match_parent" />

        <!-- The navigation drawer -->

        <ListView
            android:id="@+id/left_drawer"
            android:layout_width="240dp"
            android:layout_height="match_parent"
            android:layout_gravity="left"
            android:background="#111"
            android:choiceMode="singleChoice"
            android:divider="@android:color/transparent"
            android:dividerHeight="0dp" />
    </android.support.v4.widget.DrawerLayout>

</RelativeLayout>

 　

　　DrawerLayout的第一個子元素是主要內容，即抽屜沒有打開時顯示的佈局。這裏採用了一個FrameLayout，裏面什麼也沒放。

　　DrawerLayout的第二個子元素是抽屜中的內容，即抽屜佈局，這裏採用了一個ListView。

 

 

　　主要的Activity（從官方實例中扒出來的）：

 

package com.example.hellodrawer;

import android.os.Bundle;
import android.app.Activity;
import android.content.res.Configuration;
import android.view.MenuItem;
import android.view.View;
import android.widget.AdapterView;
import android.widget.AdapterView.OnItemClickListener;
import android.widget.ArrayAdapter;
import android.widget.ListView;
import android.support.v4.app.ActionBarDrawerToggle;
import android.support.v4.view.GravityCompat;
import android.support.v4.widget.DrawerLayout;

public class HelloDrawerActivity extends Activity
{

    private String[] mPlanetTitles;
    private DrawerLayout mDrawerLayout;
    private ActionBarDrawerToggle mDrawerToggle;
    private ListView mDrawerList;

    @Override
    public void onCreate(Bundle savedInstanceState)
    {
        super.onCreate(savedInstanceState);
        setContentView(R.layout.activity_hello_drawer);

        mDrawerLayout = (DrawerLayout) findViewById(R.id.drawer_layout);

        // init the ListView and Adapter, nothing new
        initListView();

        // set a custom shadow that overlays the main content when the drawer
        // opens
        mDrawerLayout.setDrawerShadow(R.drawable.drawer_shadow,
                GravityCompat.START);

        mDrawerToggle = new ActionBarDrawerToggle(this, mDrawerLayout,
                R.drawable.ic_drawer, R.string.drawer_open,
                R.string.drawer_close)
        {

            /** Called when a drawer has settled in a completely closed state. */
            public void onDrawerClosed(View view)
            {

                invalidateOptionsMenu(); // creates call to
                                            // onPrepareOptionsMenu()
            }

            /** Called when a drawer has settled in a completely open state. */
            public void onDrawerOpened(View drawerView)
            {

                invalidateOptionsMenu(); // creates call to
                                            // onPrepareOptionsMenu()
            }
        };

        // Set the drawer toggle as the DrawerListener
        mDrawerLayout.setDrawerListener(mDrawerToggle);

        // enable ActionBar app icon to behave as action to toggle nav drawer
        getActionBar().setDisplayHomeAsUpEnabled(true);
        // getActionBar().setHomeButtonEnabled(true);
        // Note: getActionBar() Added in API level 11
    }

    private void initListView()
    {
        mDrawerList = (ListView) findViewById(R.id.left_drawer);

        mPlanetTitles = getResources().getStringArray(R.array.planets_array);

        // Set the adapter for the list view
        mDrawerList.setAdapter(new ArrayAdapter<String>(this,
                R.layout.list_item, mPlanetTitles));
        // Set the list's click listener
        mDrawerList.setOnItemClickListener(new OnItemClickListener()
        {

            @Override
            public void onItemClick(AdapterView<?> parent, View view,
                    int position, long id)
            {
                // Highlight the selected item, update the title, and close the
                // drawer
                mDrawerList.setItemChecked(position, true);
                setTitle(mPlanetTitles[position]);
                mDrawerLayout.closeDrawer(mDrawerList);
            }
        });
    }

    @Override
    protected void onPostCreate(Bundle savedInstanceState)
    {
        super.onPostCreate(savedInstanceState);
        // Sync the toggle state after onRestoreInstanceState has occurred.
        mDrawerToggle.syncState();
    }

    @Override
    public void onConfigurationChanged(Configuration newConfig)
    {
        super.onConfigurationChanged(newConfig);
        mDrawerToggle.onConfigurationChanged(newConfig);
    }

    @Override
    public boolean onOptionsItemSelected(MenuItem item)
    {
        // Pass the event to ActionBarDrawerToggle, if it returns
        // true, then it has handled the app icon touch event
        if (mDrawerToggle.onOptionsItemSelected(item))
        {
            return true;
        }
        // Handle your other action bar items...

        return super.onOptionsItemSelected(item);
    }

}

 

　　比較糾結的是用了Level 11的一個API，這樣minSdkVersion就有限制，不能太低。

　　圖片資源Android官網示例處提供下載了。

　　程序運行後效果如下：

　　

　　抽屜打開前：

　　抽屜打開後：

 

 

代碼2

　　今天又看了一下DrawerLayout的類，發現有很多方法可以直接用的。

　　重新試了一下，其實不用上面那麼麻煩，隨便自己定義一個按鈕控制抽屜的打開就行：

　　佈局：

<RelativeLayout xmlns:android="http://schemas.android.com/apk/res/android"
    xmlns:tools="http://schemas.android.com/tools"
    android:layout_width="match_parent"
    android:layout_height="match_parent"
    android:paddingBottom="@dimen/activity_vertical_margin"
    android:paddingLeft="@dimen/activity_horizontal_margin"
    android:paddingRight="@dimen/activity_horizontal_margin"
    android:paddingTop="@dimen/activity_vertical_margin"
    tools:context=".DrawerActivity" >

    <android.support.v4.widget.DrawerLayout
        android:id="@+id/drawer_layout"
        android:layout_width="match_parent"
        android:layout_height="match_parent" >

        <!-- The main content view -->

        <FrameLayout
            android:id="@+id/content_frame"
            android:layout_width="match_parent"
            android:layout_height="match_parent" >

            <Button
                android:id="@+id/btn"
                android:layout_width="match_parent"
                android:layout_height="wrap_content"
                android:text="open" 
                />
        </FrameLayout>

        <!-- The navigation drawer -->

        <ListView
            android:id="@+id/left_drawer"
            android:layout_width="240dp"
            android:layout_height="match_parent"
            android:layout_gravity="start"
            android:background="#111"
            android:choiceMode="singleChoice"
            android:divider="@android:color/transparent"
            android:dividerHeight="0dp" />
    </android.support.v4.widget.DrawerLayout>

</RelativeLayout>

 

　　主要代碼：

package com.example.hellodrawer;

import android.os.Bundle;
import android.app.Activity;
import android.support.v4.widget.DrawerLayout;
import android.view.Gravity;
import android.view.View;
import android.view.View.OnClickListener;
import android.widget.Button;

public class DrawerActivity extends Activity
{
    private DrawerLayout mDrawerLayout = null;

    @Override
    protected void onCreate(Bundle savedInstanceState)
    {
        super.onCreate(savedInstanceState);
        setContentView(R.layout.activity_drawer);

        mDrawerLayout = (DrawerLayout) findViewById(R.id.drawer_layout);

        Button button = (Button) findViewById(R.id.btn);
        button.setOnClickListener(new OnClickListener()
        {

            @Override
            public void onClick(View v)
            {
                // 按鈕按下，將抽屜打開
                mDrawerLayout.openDrawer(Gravity.LEFT);

            }
        });
    }

}

 

 

參考資料

　　官方教程：

　　http://developer.android.com/design/patterns/navigation-drawer.html

　　http://developer.android.com/training/implementing-navigation/nav-drawer.html

　　其他參考資料：

　　http://blog.chengyunfeng.com/?p=493

　　http://my.eoe.cn/appadventure/archive/3826.html