JAVA6開發WebService （四）——SAAJ調用WebService

前面寫了個JAX-WS的小例子，看到用JAVA6開發WebService確實很簡單，也很方便，不過前面也說了，JAVA有三種WebService規範，JAX-WS是其中一種，現在來看看JAXM&SAAJ。

最近在做一個接口平臺的項目，接口嘛，當然得涉及到對WebService的接口了，我們計劃做成一個通用的平臺，通過配置文件進行配置後就可以動態對某一個接口進行調用，但像前面的例子那樣，每次都要生成一堆客戶端代碼，這可受不了。如果調用的接口唯一，生成一次客戶端代碼當然沒問題，但如果要調用的接口是動態的，這就不好辦了。因此，我需要了解SOAP更多底層的細節，由我自己來組織SOAP中的內容而不是完全由代碼生成器生成。

仍使用前面例子中的服務器端：

接口：

Java代碼

package com.why.server;
import javax.jws.WebParam;
import javax.jws.WebService;
import javax.jws.soap.SOAPBinding;
import javax.xml.ws.soap.MTOM;
/**
*
* @author why
*
*/
@WebService(name="Hello")
@SOAPBinding(style = SOAPBinding.Style.RPC)
public interface Hello {
public void printContext();
public Customer selectCustomerByName(@WebParam(name = "c",header=true)Customer customer);
public Customer selectMaxAgeCustomer(Customer c1, Customer c2);
}

實現類：

Java代碼

package com.why.server;
import java.io.File;
import java.io.FileOutputStream;
import java.io.IOException;
import java.io.InputStream;
import java.io.OutputStream;
import java.text.ParseException;
import java.text.SimpleDateFormat;
import java.util.Date;
import java.util.Set;
import javax.activation.DataHandler;
import javax.activation.FileDataSource;
import javax.annotation.Resource;
import javax.jws.WebService;
import javax.xml.ws.WebServiceContext;
import javax.xml.ws.handler.MessageContext;
import javax.xml.ws.soap.MTOM;
/**
*
* 通過@MTOM註解啓動MTOM傳輸方式，使用CXF實現時，這個註解放在接口或者實現類上都可以，使用JDK1.6自帶實現時，需標註在實現類上
* @author why
*
*/
@WebService(serviceName="HelloService",portName="HelloServicePort",targetNamespace="http://service.why.com/",endpointInterface="com.why.server.Hello")
@MTOM
public class HelloImpl implements Hello {
@Resource
private WebServiceContext context;
@Override
public void printContext(){
MessageContext ctx = context.getMessageContext();
Set<String> set = ctx.keySet();
for (String key : set) {
System.out.println("{" + key + "," + ctx.get(key) +"}");
try {
System.out.println("key.scope=" + ctx.getScope(key));
} catch (Exception e) {
System.out.println(key + " is not exits");
}
}
}
@Override
public Customer selectCustomerByName(Customer customer) {
if("why".equals(customer.getName())){
customer.setId(1);
try {
customer.setBirthday(new SimpleDateFormat("yyyy-MM-dd").parse("1985-10-07"));
} catch (ParseException e) {
e.printStackTrace();
}
customer.setImageData(new DataHandler(new FileDataSource(new File("c:"+ File.separator + "why.jpg"))));
}else{
customer.setId(2);
customer.setBirthday(new Date());
customer.setImageData(new DataHandler(new FileDataSource(new File("c:"+ File.separator + "origin.jpg"))));
}
return customer;
}
@Override
public Customer selectMaxAgeCustomer(Customer c1, Customer c2) {
try {
// 輸出接收到的附件
System.out.println("c1.getImageData().getContentType()=" + c1.getImageData().getContentType());
InputStream is = c1.getImageData().getInputStream();
OutputStream os = new FileOutputStream("c:\\temp1.jpg");
byte[] bytes = new byte[1024];
int c;
while ((c = is.read(bytes)) != -1) {
os.write(bytes, 0, c);
}
os.close();
System.out.println("c2.getImageData().getContentType()=" + c2.getImageData().getContentType());
is = c2.getImageData().getInputStream();
os = new FileOutputStream("c:\\temp2.jpg");
bytes = new byte[1024];
while ((c = is.read(bytes)) != -1) {
os.write(bytes, 0, c);
}
os.close();
} catch (IOException e) {
e.printStackTrace();
}
if (c1.getBirthday().getTime() > c2.getBirthday().getTime()){
return c2;
}
else{
return c1;
}
}
}

Customer類：

Java代碼

package com.why.server;
import java.util.Date;
import javax.activation.DataHandler;
import javax.xml.bind.annotation.XmlAccessType;
import javax.xml.bind.annotation.XmlAccessorType;
import javax.xml.bind.annotation.XmlMimeType;
import javax.xml.bind.annotation.XmlRootElement;
/**
*
* @author why
*
*/
@XmlRootElement(name = "Customer")
@XmlAccessorType(XmlAccessType.FIELD)
public class Customer {
private long id;
private String name;
private Date birthday;
@XmlMimeType("application/octet-stream")
private DataHandler imageData;
public long getId() {
return id;
}
public void setId(long id) {
this.id = id;
}
public String getName() {
return name;
}
public void setName(String name) {
this.name = name;
}
public Date getBirthday() {
return birthday;
}
public void setBirthday(Date birthday) {
this.birthday = birthday;
}
public DataHandler getImageData() {
return imageData;
}
public void setImageData(DataHandler imageData) {
this.imageData = imageData;
}
}

發佈：

Java代碼

package com.why.server;
import javax.xml.ws.Endpoint;
/**
*
* @author why
*
*/
public class SoapServer {
public static void main(String[] args) {
Endpoint.publish("http://localhost:8080/helloService",new HelloImpl());
}
}

這次不生成客戶端類，而是通過自己組織SOAP消息，向服務器發送請求。首先，我們需要一個到WebService服務的連接（就像Connection之於JDBC），通過javax.xml.soap.SOAPConnectionFactory的createConnection()可以獲得一個WebService連接。獲得連接之後，我們就可以組織我們的SOAP消息了。通過javax.xml.soap.MessageFactory的createMessage()方法，獲得一個javax.xml.soap.SOAPMessage，SOAPMessage就是我們SOAP消息的入口。我們知道，SOAP其實就是一個XML，有了SOAPMessage這個入口，剩下的就是對XML的組織和解析了。對於SOAP消息的各個部分，SOAPMessage都有對應的接口：

Java代碼

// 獲取SOAP連接工廠
SOAPConnectionFactory factory = SOAPConnectionFactory.newInstance();
// 從SOAP連接工廠創建SOAP連接對象
SOAPConnection connection = factory.createConnection();
// 獲取消息工廠
MessageFactory mFactory = MessageFactory.newInstance();
// 從消息工廠創建SOAP消息對象
SOAPMessage message = mFactory.createMessage();
// 創建SOAPPart對象
SOAPPart part = message.getSOAPPart();
// 創建SOAP信封對象
SOAPEnvelope envelope = part.getEnvelope();
// 創建SOAPHeader對象
SOAPHeader header = message.getSOAPHeader();
// 創建SOAPBody對
SOAPBody body = envelope.getBody();

把我們需要傳遞的參數組織好，通過connection.call方法進行對WebService的調用，他仍然會給我們返回一個SOAPMessage對象，對應服務器端的三個函數，我分別寫了對應的三個方法對其進行調用，以下是我的客戶端類：

Java代碼

package com.why.client;
import java.io.ByteArrayOutputStream;
import java.io.FileOutputStream;
import java.io.InputStream;
import java.io.OutputStream;
import java.net.URL;
import java.util.Iterator;
import java.util.UUID;
import javax.activation.DataHandler;
import javax.activation.FileDataSource;
import javax.xml.namespace.QName;
import javax.xml.soap.AttachmentPart;
import javax.xml.soap.MessageFactory;
import javax.xml.soap.SOAPBody;
import javax.xml.soap.SOAPBodyElement;
import javax.xml.soap.SOAPConnection;
import javax.xml.soap.SOAPConnectionFactory;
import javax.xml.soap.SOAPElement;
import javax.xml.soap.SOAPEnvelope;
import javax.xml.soap.SOAPHeader;
import javax.xml.soap.SOAPHeaderElement;
import javax.xml.soap.SOAPMessage;
import javax.xml.soap.SOAPPart;
/**
*
* @author why
*
*/
public class SoapClient {
public static void main(String[] args) throws Exception{
printContext();
selectCustomerByName();
selectMaxAgeCustomer();
}
/**
* 調用一個無參函數
* @throws Exception
*/
public static void printContext() throws Exception{
// 獲取SOAP連接工廠
SOAPConnectionFactory factory = SOAPConnectionFactory.newInstance();
// 從SOAP連接工廠創建SOAP連接對象
SOAPConnection connection = factory.createConnection();
// 獲取消息工廠
MessageFactory mFactory = MessageFactory.newInstance();
// 從消息工廠創建SOAP消息對象
SOAPMessage message = mFactory.createMessage();
// 創建SOAPPart對象
SOAPPart part = message.getSOAPPart();
// 創建SOAP信封對象
SOAPEnvelope envelope = part.getEnvelope();
// 創建SOAPHeader對象
SOAPHeader header = message.getSOAPHeader();
// 創建SOAPBody對象
SOAPBody body = envelope.getBody();
// 創建XML的根元素
SOAPBodyElement bodyElementRoot = body.addBodyElement(new QName("http://server.why.com/", "printContext", "ns1"));
// 訪問Web服務地址
SOAPMessage reMessage = connection.call(message, new URL("http://127.0.0.1:8080/helloService"));
// 控制檯輸出返回的SOAP消息
OutputStream os = System.out;
reMessage.writeTo(os);
connection.close();
}
/**
* 調用一個在soap:HEADER中傳遞參數的函數
* @throws Exception
*/
public static void selectCustomerByName() throws Exception{
// 獲取SOAP連接工廠
SOAPConnectionFactory factory = SOAPConnectionFactory.newInstance();
// 從SOAP連接工廠創建SOAP連接對象
SOAPConnection connection = factory.createConnection();
// 獲取消息工廠
MessageFactory mFactory = MessageFactory.newInstance();
// 從消息工廠創建SOAP消息對象
SOAPMessage message = mFactory.createMessage();
// 創建SOAPPart對象
SOAPPart part = message.getSOAPPart();
// 創建SOAP信封對象
SOAPEnvelope envelope = part.getEnvelope();
// 創建SOAPHeader對象
SOAPHeader header = message.getSOAPHeader();
// 創建SOAPBody對象
SOAPBody body = envelope.getBody();
// 創建XML的根元素
SOAPHeaderElement headerElementRoot = header.addHeaderElement(new QName("http://server.why.com/", "c", "ns1"));
SOAPBodyElement bodyElementRoot = body.addBodyElement(new QName("http://server.why.com/", "selectCustomerByName", "ns1"));
headerElementRoot.addChildElement(new QName("name")).addTextNode("why");
// 訪問Web服務地址
SOAPMessage reMessage = connection.call(message, new URL("http://127.0.0.1:8080/helloService"));
// 控制檯輸出返回的SOAP消息
OutputStream os = System.out;
reMessage.writeTo(os);
// 輸出SOAP消息中的附件
Iterator<AttachmentPart> it = reMessage.getAttachments();
while (it.hasNext()) {
InputStream ins = it.next().getDataHandler().getInputStream();
byte[] b = new byte[ins.available()];
OutputStream ous = new FileOutputStream("c:\\aaa.jpg");
while (ins.read(b) != -1) {
ous.write(b);
}
ous.close();
}
connection.close();
}
/**
* 調用一個在soap:Body中傳遞參數的函數
* @throws Exception
*/
public static void selectMaxAgeCustomer() throws Exception{
// 獲取SOAP連接工廠
SOAPConnectionFactory factory = SOAPConnectionFactory.newInstance();
// 從SOAP連接工廠創建SOAP連接對象
SOAPConnection connection = factory.createConnection();
// 獲取消息工廠
MessageFactory mFactory = MessageFactory.newInstance();
// 從消息工廠創建SOAP消息對象
SOAPMessage message = mFactory.createMessage();
// 創建SOAPPart對象
SOAPPart part = message.getSOAPPart();
// 創建SOAP信封對象
SOAPEnvelope envelope = part.getEnvelope();
// 創建SOAPHeader對象
SOAPHeader header = message.getSOAPHeader();
// 創建SOAPBody對象
SOAPBody body = envelope.getBody();
// 設置Content-Type
MimeHeaders hd = message.getMimeHeaders();
hd.setHeader("Content-Type", "application/xop+xml; charset=utf-8; type=\"text/xml\"");
// 創建XML的根元素
SOAPBodyElement bodyElementRoot = body.addBodyElement(new QName("http://server.why.com/", "selectMaxAgeCustomer", "ns1"));
// 創建Customer實例1
SOAPElement elementC1 = bodyElementRoot.addChildElement(new QName("arg0"));
elementC1.addChildElement(new QName("id")).addTextNode("1");
elementC1.addChildElement(new QName("name")).addTextNode("A");
elementC1.addChildElement(new QName("birthday")).addTextNode("1989-01-28T00:00:00.000+08:00");
// 創建附件對象
AttachmentPart attachment = message.createAttachmentPart(new DataHandler(new FileDataSource("c:\\c1.jpg")));
// 設置Content-ID
attachment.setContentId("<" + UUID.randomUUID().toString() + ">");
attachment.setMimeHeader("Content-Transfer-Encoding", "binary");
message.addAttachmentPart(attachment);
SOAPElement elementData = elementC1.addChildElement(new QName("imageData"));
// 添加XOP支持
elementData.addChildElement(
new QName("http://www.w3.org/2004/08/xop/include", "Include","xop"))
.addAttribute(new QName("href"),"cid:" + attachment.getContentId().replaceAll("<", "").replaceAll(">", ""));
// 創建Customer實例2
SOAPElement elementC2 = bodyElementRoot.addChildElement(new QName("arg1"));
elementC2.addChildElement(new QName("id")).addTextNode("2");
elementC2.addChildElement(new QName("name")).addTextNode("B");
elementC2.addChildElement(new QName("birthday")).addTextNode("1990-01-28T00:00:00.000+08:00");
AttachmentPart attachment2 = message.createAttachmentPart(new DataHandler(new FileDataSource("c:\\c2.jpg")));
attachment2.setContentId("<" + UUID.randomUUID().toString() + ">");
message.addAttachmentPart(attachment2);
SOAPElement elementData2 = elementC2.addChildElement(new QName("imageData"));
elementData2.addChildElement(
new QName("http://www.w3.org/2004/08/xop/include", "Include","xop"))
.addAttribute(new QName("href"),"cid:" + attachment2.getContentId().replaceAll("<", "").replaceAll(">", ""));
// 控制檯輸出發送的SOAP消息
OutputStream os = new ByteArrayOutputStream();
message.writeTo(os);
String soapStr = os.toString();
System.out.println("\n@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@\n"+soapStr+"\n@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@");
// 訪問Web服務地址
SOAPMessage reMessage = connection.call(message, new URL("http://127.0.0.1:8080/helloService"));
// 控制檯輸出返回的SOAP消息
OutputStream baos = new ByteArrayOutputStream();
reMessage.writeTo(baos);
String soapStr2 = baos.toString();
System.out.println("\n#############\n"+soapStr2+"\n################");
// // 輸出SOAP消息中的第一個子元素的元素名稱
System.out.println("\n<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<" + reMessage.getSOAPBody().getFirstChild().getLocalName());
// 輸出SOAP消息中的附件
Iterator<AttachmentPart> it = reMessage.getAttachments();
while (it.hasNext()) {
InputStream ins = it.next().getDataHandler().getInputStream();
byte[] b = new byte[ins.available()];
OutputStream ous = new FileOutputStream("c:\\bbb.jpg");
while (ins.read(b) != -1) {
ous.write(b);
}
ous.close();
}
connection.close();
}
}

使用SAAJ創建附件時，需設置Content-Type=application/xop+xml; charset=utf-8; type="text/xml"，否則服務器端獲取不到這個附件，查看發送給服務器端的SOAP消息可以看到，默認Content-Type被置爲text/xml; charset=utf-8，因此，需在代碼中加入：

Java代碼

MimeHeaders hd = message.getMimeHeaders();
hd.setHeader("Content-Type", "application/xop+xml; charset=utf-8; type=\"text/xml\"");

SOAPMessage有一個writeTo(OutputStream os)方法，可以將整個SOAP消息的內容寫入一個輸出流中，我們可以截獲這個輸出流的內容進行分析或再次整理。

附件是我的工程（2010-11-15更新）

轉載自：http://wuhongyu.iteye.com/blog/810571

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