CentOS-6.3安裝mysql-5.6.14

安裝方式分爲rpm和源碼編譯安裝兩種，本文是採用mysql源碼編譯方式，編譯器使用Cmake。軟件需要mysql-5.5.29.tar.gz和cmake-2.8.10.2.tar.gz，請自行下載。
下載地址：
http://mysql.mirror.kangaroot.net/Downloads/
http://www.cmake.org/files/v2.8/cmake-2.8.10.2.tar.gz

其中mysql使用最新的穩定版本，即最新試用版的上一個版本，且非rc或者alpha的版本，Cmake直接用的最新版。

1.上傳mysql-5.6.14.tar.gz和cmake-2.8.10.2.tar.gz到/usr/local文件夾下。

2.CentOS安裝g++和ncurses-devel

[root@localhost local]# yum install gcc-c++
[root@localhost local]# yum install ncurses-devel

3.cmake的安裝

[root@AY1403221420500563ebZ]# tar -zxv -f cmake-2.8.10.2.tar.gz // 解壓壓縮包
[root@AY1403221420500563ebZ local]# cd cmake-2.8.10.2
[root@AY1403221420500563ebZ cmake-2.8.10.2]# ./configure
[root@AY1403221420500563ebZ cmake-2.8.10.2]# make
[root@AY1403221420500563ebZ cmake-2.8.10.2]# make install

4.將cmake永久加入系統環境變量

[root@AY1403221420500563ebZ cmake-2.8.10.2]# vim /etc/profile

在文件末尾追加以下兩行代碼：
PATH=/usr/local/cmake-2.8.10.2/bin:$PATH
執行以下代碼使剛纔的修改生效：export PATH執行以下代碼使剛纔的修改生效：

[root@AY1403221420500563ebZ cmake-2.8.10.2]# source /etc/profile

用 export 命令查看PATH值

[root@AY1403221420500563ebZ local]# echo $PATH

5.創建mysql的安裝目錄及數據庫存放目錄

[root@AY1403221420500563ebZ local]# mkdir -p /usr/local/mysql //安裝mysql
[root@AY1403221420500563ebZ local]# mkdir -p /usr/local/mysql/data //存放數據庫

6.創建mysql用戶及用戶組

[root@AY1403221420500563ebZ ] groupadd mysql
[root@AY1403221420500563ebZ ] useradd -r -g mysql mysql

7.編譯安裝mysql

[root@AY1403221420500563ebZ local]# tar -zxv -f mysql-5.6.14.tar.gz //解壓
[root@AY1403221420500563ebZ local]# cd mysql-5.6.14
[root@AY1403221420500563ebZ mysql-5.6.14]#
cmake -DCMAKE_INSTALL_PREFIX=/usr/local/mysql \
-DMYSQL_UNIX_ADDR=/usr/local/mysql/mysql.sock \
-DDEFAULT_CHARSET=utf8 \
-DDEFAULT_COLLATION=utf8_general_ci \
-DWITH_MYISAM_STORAGE_ENGINE=1 \
-DWITH_INNOBASE_STORAGE_ENGINE=1 \
-DWITH_MEMORY_STORAGE_ENGINE=1 \
-DWITH_READLINE=1 \
-DENABLED_LOCAL_INFILE=1 \
-DMYSQL_DATADIR=/usr/local/mysql/data \
-DMYSQL_USER=mysql \
-DMYSQL_TCP_PORT=3306
[root@AY1403221420500563ebZ mysql-5.6.14]# make
[root@AY1403221420500563ebZ mysql-5.6.14]# make install

8.檢驗是否安裝成功

[root@AY1403221420500563ebZ mysql-5.5.29]# cd /usr/local/mysql/
[root@AY1403221420500563ebZ mysql]# ls
bin COPYING data docs include INSTALL-BINARY lib man mysql-test README scripts share sql-bench support-files

有bin等以上文件的話，恭喜你已經成功安裝了mysql。

9設置權限

使用下面的命令查看是否有mysql用戶及用戶組

cat /etc/passwd 查看用戶列表
cat /etc/group  查看用戶組列表

如果沒有就創建

groupadd mysql
useradd -g mysql mysql

修改/usr/local/mysql權限

chown -R mysql:mysql /usr/local/mysql

修改/usr/local/mysql權限

10初始化配置

進入安裝路徑

cd /usr/local/mysql

進入安裝路徑，執行初始化配置腳本，創建系統自帶的數據庫和表

scripts/mysql_install_db --basedir=/usr/local/mysql --datadir=/usr/local/mysql/data --user=mysql

注意：/etc/my.cnf  的優先級要高於 /usr/local/mysql/my.cnf

原因：/etc/init.d/mysql  文件中conf一行定義，從/etc路徑加載my.cnf文件

下面是我的my.cnf文件的配置（注意client中的pid-file參數，如果不注掉，會導致遠程無法連接數據庫）

# For advice on how to change settings please see
# http://dev.mysql.com/doc/refman/5.6/en/server-configuration-defaults.html
# *** DO NOT EDIT THIS FILE. It's a template which will be copied to the
# *** default location during install, and will be replaced if you
# *** upgrade to a newer version of MySQL.
[client]
socket = /usr/local/mysql/data/mysql.sock
#pid-file = /usr/local/mysql/data/mysql.pid

[mysqld]

# Remove leading # and set to the amount of RAM for the most important data
# cache in MySQL. Start at 70% of total RAM for dedicated server, else 10%.
innodb_buffer_pool_size = 28M

# Remove leading # to turn on a very important data integrity option: logging
# changes to the binary log between backups.
# log_bin

# These are commonly set, remove the # and set as required.
basedir = /usr/local/mysql
datadir = /usr/local/mysql/data
port = 3306
#server_id = .....
socket = /usr/local/mysql/data/mysql.sock
pid-file = /usr/local/mysql/data/mysql.pid
# Remove leading # to set options mainly useful for reporting servers.
# The server defaults are faster for transactions and fast SELECTs.
# Adjust sizes as needed, experiment to find the optimal values.
#join_buffer_size = 32M
#sort_buffer_size = 2M
#read_rnd_buffer_size = 2M 
explicit_defaults_for_timestamp = true
sql_mode=NO_ENGINE_SUBSTITUTION,STRICT_TRANS_TABLES 

[mysqld_safe]
pid-file=/usr/local/mysql/datamysql.pid

11.將mysql的路徑添加到PATH中

vim /etc/profile

PATH=$PATH:/usr/local/mysql/bin:/usr/local/mysql/lib

source /etc/profile
echo $PATH 

12.修改MySQL的root用戶的密碼以及打開遠程連接

添加服務，拷貝服務腳本到init.d目錄，並設置開機啓動

cd /usr/local/mysql
cp support-files/mysql.server /etc/init.d/mysql
chkconfig mysql on
service mysql start  --啓動MySQL

13.修改MySQL的root用戶的密碼以及打開遠程連接

[root@localhost mysql]# mysql -u root mysql

mysql> use mysql;
mysql> desc user;
mysql> GRANT ALL PRIVILEGES ON *.* TO root@"%" IDENTIFIED BY "root"; //爲root添加遠程連接的能力
mysql> update user set Password = password('123456') where User='root'; //設置root用戶密碼
mysql> select Host,User,Password from user where User='root';
mysql> flush privileges;
mysql> exit

   開啓：         /etc/init.d/mysql start
   關閉：         /etc/init.d/mysql stop
   重啓：         /etc/init.d/mysql restart

參考文章

http://www.cnblogs.com/xiongpq/p/3384681.html

http://www.cnblogs.com/zhoulf/archive/2013/01/25/zhoulf.html