mysql 备份与还原

1、新建shell脚本

mysql_user="root" #MySQL备份用户
mysql_password="密码" #MySQL备份用户的密码
mysql_host="IP"
mysql_port="3306"
mysql_charset="utf8" #MySQL编码
backup_db_arr=("test") #要备份的数据库名称，多个用空格分开隔开 如("db1" "db2" "db3")
backup_location=/opt/mysql #备份数据存放位置，末尾请不要带"/",此项可以保持默认，程序会自动创建文件夹
expire_backup_delete="ON" #是否开启过期备份删除 ON为开启 OFF为关闭
expire_days=3 #过期时间天数 默认为三天，此项只有在expire_backup_delete开启时有效
 
# 本行开始以下不需要修改
backup_time=`date +%Y%m%d%H%M` #定义备份详细时间
backup_Ymd=`date +%Y-%m-%d` #定义备份目录中的年月日时间
backup_3ago=`date -d '3 days ago' +%Y-%m-%d` #3天之前的日期
backup_dir=$backup_location/$backup_Ymd #备份文件夹全路径
welcome_msg="Welcome to use MySQL backup tools!" #欢迎语
 
# 判断MYSQL是否启动,mysql没有启动则备份退出
mysql_ps=`ps -ef |grep mysql |wc -l`
mysql_listen=`netstat -an |grep LISTEN |grep $mysql_port|wc -l`
if [ [$mysql_ps == 0] -o [$mysql_listen == 0] ]; then
echo "ERROR:MySQL is not running! backup stop!"
exit
else
echo $welcome_msg
fi
 
# 连接到mysql数据库，无法连接则备份退出
mysql -h$mysql_host -P$mysql_port -u$mysql_user -p$mysql_password <<end
use mysql;
select host,user from user where user='root' and host='localhost';
exit
end
 
flag=`echo $?`
if [ $flag != "0" ]; then
echo "ERROR:Can't connect mysql server! backup stop!"
exit
else
echo "MySQL connect ok! Please wait......"
# 判断有没有定义备份的数据库，如果定义则开始备份，否则退出备份
if [ "$backup_db_arr" != "" ];then
#dbnames=$(cut -d ',' -f1-5 $backup_database)
#echo "arr is (${backup_db_arr[@]})"
for dbname in ${backup_db_arr[@]}
do
echo "database $dbname backup start..."
`mkdir -p $backup_dir`
`mysqldump -h$mysql_host -P$mysql_port -u$mysql_user -p$mysql_password $dbname --default-character-set=$mysql_charset | gzip > $backup_dir/$dbname-$backup_time.sql.gz`
flag=`echo $?`
if [ $flag == "0" ];then
echo "database $dbname success backup to $backup_dir/$dbname-$backup_time.sql.gz"
else
echo "database $dbname backup fail!"
fi
 
done
else
echo "ERROR:No database to backup! backup stop"
exit
fi
# 如果开启了删除过期备份，则进行删除操作
if [ "$expire_backup_delete" == "ON" -a "$backup_location" != "" ];then
#`find $backup_location/ -type d -o -type f -ctime +$expire_days -exec rm -rf {} \;`
`find $backup_location/ -type d -mtime +$expire_days | xargs rm -rf`
echo "Expired backup data delete complete!"
fi
echo "All database backup success! Thank you!"
exit
fi

2、修改shell脚本属性，赋予执行权限

chmod 600 /opt/mysqlBackup.sh
chmod +x /opt/mysqlBackup.sh

3、定时执行脚本

vi /etc/crontab

添加

00 00 * * * /root/mysqlBackup.sh

分 时

4、手动执行脚本

4、MySQL恢复

到备份目录下解压文件：

查看新的数据库test1是否还原test数据库的表