說明：本文爲Oracle 11gR2數據文件壞塊修復指導手冊
標籤：數據庫壞塊修復、數據文件壞塊修復、批量修復數據文件壞塊
溫馨提示：如果您發現本文哪裏寫的有問題或者有更好的寫法請留言或私信我進行修改優化
正文開始
★ 環境信息
/////////////////////////////////////////////////////////
數據庫版本：11.2.0.3.0 單實例
系統版本：Centos 6.4
BBED版本：2.0.0.0.0
★ 準備BBED
/////////////////////////////////////////////////////////
su - oracle
chmod -R 777 /home/oracle/BBED
chown -R oracle:dba /home/oracle/BBED
cp /home/oracle/BBED/lib/ssbbded.o $ORACLE_HOME/rdbms/lib/ssbbded.o
cp /home/oracle/BBED/lib/sbbdpt.o $ORACLE_HOME/rdbms/lib/sbbdpt.o
cp /home/oracle/BBED/mesg/bbedus.msb $ORACLE_HOME/rdbms/mesg/bbedus.msb
cp /home/oracle/BBED/mesg/bbedus.msg $ORACLE_HOME/rdbms/mesg/bbedus.msg
make -f $ORACLE_HOME/rdbms/lib/ins_rdbms.mk BBED=$ORACLE_HOME/bin/bbed $ORACLE_HOME/bin/bbed
★ 模擬壞塊（使用BBED）
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※ 溫馨提示：修改數據文件前記得使用Rman進行備份
[oracle]$ bbed parfile=/home/oracle/bbed_parameter
BBED> set dba 4,151
BBED> set width 130
BBED> find /c SCOTT top
BBED> modify /c ZZZZZZ dba 4,151 offset 7864
BBED> sum apply
BBED> exit
★ 檢測並查看壞塊
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溫馨提示：這裏製作的是一個邏輯錯誤，使用使用rman校驗時要使用邏輯校驗“VALIDATE CHECK LOGICAL”，使用物理校驗將不會顯示壞塊
su - oracle
rman target /
RMAN> backup validate check logical datafile 4;
su - oracle
sqlplus / as sysdba
SQL> select * from v$database_block_corruption;
SQL> alter system flush buffer_cache;
SQL> select * from scott.emp;
ERROR:ORA-01858: a non-numeric character was found where a numeric was expected
★ 修復壞塊（單塊恢復）
/////////////////////////////////////////////////////////
su - oracle
rman target /
RMAN> blockrecover datafile 4 block 151;
★ 修復壞塊（批量恢復）（修復所有之前檢測到的壞塊）
/////////////////////////////////////////////////////////
su - oracle
rman target /
RMAN> blockrecover corruption list;
★ 相關日誌
RMAN> backup VALIDATE CHECK LOGICAL DATAFILE 4;
Starting backup at 25-APR-20
using channel ORA_DISK_1
channel ORA_DISK_1: starting full datafile backup set
channel ORA_DISK_1: specifying datafile(s) in backup set
input datafile file number=00004 name=/u01/oracle/oradata/orcl/users01.dbf
channel ORA_DISK_1: backup set complete, elapsed time: 00:00:01
List of Datafiles
=================
File Status Marked Corrupt Empty Blocks Blocks Examined High SCN
---- ------ -------------- ------------ --------------- ----------
4 OK 0 33 641 990377
File Name: /u01/oracle/oradata/orcl/users01.dbf
Block Type Blocks Failing Blocks Processed
---------- -------------- ----------------
Data 0 15
Index 0 2
Other 0 590
Finished backup at 25-APR-20
[oracle@localhost ~]$ vi bbed_datafile_list
[oracle@localhost ~]$ vi bbed_parameter
[oracle@localhost ~]$ rlwrap bbed parfile=/home/oracle/bbed_parameter
Password:
BBED: Release 2.0.0.0.0 - Limited Production on Sat Apr 25 14:28:15 2020
Copyright (c) 1982, 2011, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.
************* !!! For Oracle Internal Use only !!! ***************
BBED> set dba 4,151
DBA 0x01000097 (16777367 4,151)
BBED> set width 130
WIDTH 130
BBED> find /c SCOTT top
File: /u01/oracle/oradata/orcl/users01.dbf (4)
Block: 151 Offsets: 7864 to 8191 Dba:0x01000097
------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
53434f54 5407414e 414c5953 5403c24c 430777bb 04130101 0102c21f ff02c115 2c010803 c24e5305 434c4152 4b074d41
4e414745 5203c24f 280777b5 06090101 0103c219 33ff02c1 0b2c0108 03c24d63 05424c41 4b45074d 414e4147 455203c2
4f280777 b5050101 010103c2 1d33ff02 c11f2c01 0803c24d 37064d41 5254494e 0853414c 45534d41 4e03c24d 630777b5
091c0101 0103c20d 3302c20f 02c11f2c 010803c2 4c43054a 4f4e4553 074d414e 41474552 03c24f28 0777b504 02010101
03c21e4c ff02c115 2c010803 c24c1604 57415244 0853414c 45534d41 4e03c24d 630777b5 02160101 0103c20d 3302c206
02c11f2c 010803c2 4b640541 4c4c454e 0853414c 45534d41 4e03c24d 630777b5 02140101 0102c211 02c20402 c11f2c01
0803c24a 4605534d 49544805 434c4552 4b03c250 030777b4 0c110101 0102c209 ff02c115 01068b1c
<48 bytes per line>
BBED> dump /v dba 4,151 offset 7864
File: /u01/oracle/oradata/orcl/users01.dbf (4)
Block: 151 Offsets: 7864 to 8191 Dba:0x01000097
-----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
53434f54 5407414e 414c5953 5403c24c 430777bb 04130101 0102c21f ff02c115 l SCOTT.ANALYST.LC.w».........
2c010803 c24e5305 434c4152 4b074d41 4e414745 5203c24f 280777b5 06090101 l ,...NS.CLARK.MANAGER.O(.wµ....
0103c219 33ff02c1 0b2c0108 03c24d63 05424c41 4b45074d 414e4147 455203c2 l ...3..,...Mc.BLAKE.MANAGER.
4f280777 b5050101 010103c2 1d33ff02 c11f2c01 0803c24d 37064d41 5254494e l O(.wµ.......3..,...M7.MARTIN
0853414c 45534d41 4e03c24d 630777b5 091c0101 0103c20d 3302c20f 02c11f2c l .SALESMAN.Mc.wµ.......3...,
010803c2 4c43054a 4f4e4553 074d414e 41474552 03c24f28 0777b504 02010101 l ...LC.JONES.MANAGER.O(.wµ.....
03c21e4c ff02c115 2c010803 c24c1604 57415244 0853414c 45534d41 4e03c24d l ..L..,...L..WARD.SALESMAN.M
630777b5 02160101 0103c20d 3302c206 02c11f2c 010803c2 4b640541 4c4c454e l c.wµ.......3...,...Kd.ALLEN
0853414c 45534d41 4e03c24d 630777b5 02140101 0102c211 02c20402 c11f2c01 l .SALESMAN.Mc.wµ..........,.
0803c24a 4605534d 49544805 434c4552 4b03c250 030777b4 0c110101 0102c209 l ..JF.SMITH.CLERK.P..w´.......
ff02c115 01068b1c l ......
<32 bytes per line>
BBED> modify /c ZZZZZZ dba 4,151 offset 7864
File: /u01/oracle/oradata/orcl/users01.dbf (4)
Block: 151 Offsets: 7864 to 8191 Dba:0x01000097
------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
5a5a5a5a 5a5a414e 414c5953 5403c24c 430777bb 04130101 0102c21f ff02c115 2c010803 c24e5305 434c4152 4b074d41
4e414745 5203c24f 280777b5 06090101 0103c219 33ff02c1 0b2c0108 03c24d63 05424c41 4b45074d 414e4147 455203c2
4f280777 b5050101 010103c2 1d33ff02 c11f2c01 0803c24d 37064d41 5254494e 0853414c 45534d41 4e03c24d 630777b5
091c0101 0103c20d 3302c20f 02c11f2c 010803c2 4c43054a 4f4e4553 074d414e 41474552 03c24f28 0777b504 02010101
03c21e4c ff02c115 2c010803 c24c1604 57415244 0853414c 45534d41 4e03c24d 630777b5 02160101 0103c20d 3302c206
02c11f2c 010803c2 4b640541 4c4c454e 0853414c 45534d41 4e03c24d 630777b5 02140101 0102c211 02c20402 c11f2c01
0803c24a 4605534d 49544805 434c4552 4b03c250 030777b4 0c110101 0102c209 ff02c115 01068b1c
<48 bytes per line>
BBED> sum apply
Check value for File 4, Block 151:
current = 0x793b, required = 0x793b
RMAN> backup VALIDATE CHECK LOGICAL DATAFILE 4;
Starting backup at 25-APR-20
using channel ORA_DISK_1
channel ORA_DISK_1: starting full datafile backup set
channel ORA_DISK_1: specifying datafile(s) in backup set
input datafile file number=00004 name=/u01/oracle/oradata/orcl/users01.dbf
channel ORA_DISK_1: backup set complete, elapsed time: 00:00:01
List of Datafiles
=================
File Status Marked Corrupt Empty Blocks Blocks Examined High SCN
---- ------ -------------- ------------ --------------- ----------
4 FAILED 0 33 641 990377
File Name: /u01/oracle/oradata/orcl/users01.dbf
Block Type Blocks Failing Blocks Processed
---------- -------------- ----------------
Data 1 15
Index 0 2
Other 0 590
validate found one or more corrupt blocks
See trace file /u01/oracle/diag/rdbms/orcl/ora11g/trace/ora11g_ora_5080.trc for details
Finished backup at 25-APR-20
SQL> select * from v$database_block_corruption;
FILE# BLOCK# BLOCKS CORRUPTION_CHANGE# CORRUPTION_TYPE
---------- ---------- ---------- ------------------ ---------------
4 151 1 990347 CORRUPT
RMAN> blockrecover datafile 4 block 151;
Starting recover at 25-APR-20
using channel ORA_DISK_1
channel ORA_DISK_1: restoring block(s)
channel ORA_DISK_1: specifying block(s) to restore from backup set
restoring blocks of datafile 00004
channel ORA_DISK_1: reading from backup piece /u01/oracle/fast_recovery_area/ORCL/backupset/2020_04_25/o1_mf_nnndf_TAG20200425T142639_hb7p101n_.bkp
channel ORA_DISK_1: piece handle=/u01/oracle/fast_recovery_area/ORCL/backupset/2020_04_25/o1_mf_nnndf_TAG20200425T142639_hb7p101n_.bkp tag=TAG20200425T142639
channel ORA_DISK_1: restored block(s) from backup piece 1
channel ORA_DISK_1: block restore complete, elapsed time: 00:00:01
starting media recovery
media recovery complete, elapsed time: 00:00:03
Finished recover at 25-APR-20
RMAN> backup VALIDATE CHECK LOGICAL DATAFILE 4;
Starting backup at 25-APR-20
using channel ORA_DISK_1
channel ORA_DISK_1: starting full datafile backup set
channel ORA_DISK_1: specifying datafile(s) in backup set
input datafile file number=00004 name=/u01/oracle/oradata/orcl/users01.dbf
channel ORA_DISK_1: backup set complete, elapsed time: 00:00:01
List of Datafiles
=================
File Status Marked Corrupt Empty Blocks Blocks Examined High SCN
---- ------ -------------- ------------ --------------- ----------
4 OK 0 33 641 990377
File Name: /u01/oracle/oradata/orcl/users01.dbf
Block Type Blocks Failing Blocks Processed
---------- -------------- ----------------
Data 0 15
Index 0 2
Other 0 590
Finished backup at 25-APR-20
over