Spring-Boot初體驗，入門級學習教程

Spring Boot 是由 Pivotal 團隊提供的全新框架。Spring Boot 是所有基於 Spring Framework 5.0 開發的項目的起點。Spring Boot 的設計是爲了讓你儘可能快的跑起來 Spring 應用程序並且儘可能減少你的配置文件。

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準備工作

1.安裝maven

http://maven.apache.org/download.cgi
1.1下載對應的包名後（我使用的是3.5.3），解壓到當前的文件夾中。
1.2 配置環境變量
在~/.bash_profile文件中增加環境變量

#JDK地址

#其他地址配置 
#Maven庫地址
export M2_HOME='/dev/apache-maven-3.5.3'
export PATH="$PATH:$M2_HOME/bin"
export NVM_DIR="$HOME/.nvm"
[ -s "$NVM_DIR/nvm.sh" ] && \. "$NVM_DIR/nvm.sh"  # This loads nvm
[ -s "$NVM_DIR/bash_completion" ] && \. "$NVM_DIR/bash_completion"  # This loads nvm bash_completion

1.3 配置完成以後輸入命令source ~./bash_profile生效
1.4驗證是否正常安裝輸入命令mvn -v

Apache Maven 3.5.3 (3383c37e1f9e9b3bc3df5050c29c8aff9f295297; 2018-02-25T03:49:05+08:00)
Maven home: /dev/apache-maven-3.5.3
Java version: 1.8.0_162, vendor: Oracle Corporation
Java home: /Library/Java/JavaVirtualMachines/jdk1.8.0_162.jdk/Contents/Home/jre
Default locale: zh_CN, platform encoding: UTF-8
OS name: "mac os x", version: "10.15.3", arch: "x86_64", family: "mac"

2.配置倉庫地址和鏡像

可以直接使用maven目錄下的settings.xml文件，也可以使用一個新的本地倉庫地址。

<!--本地倉庫表示遠程拉取的庫都會存放在這個文件夾下-->
<settings xmlns="http://maven.apache.org/SETTINGS/1.0.0" 
          xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" 
          xsi:schemaLocation="http://maven.apache.org/SETTINGS/1.0.0 http://maven.apache.org/xsd/settings-1.0.0.xsd">
  <localRepository>/dev/nRepsository</localRepository>

<!--鏡像地址-->
 <mirrors>
	<mirror>
      <id>nexus</id>
      <mirrorOf>*</mirrorOf>
      <name>internal nexus repository</name>
      <url>www.baidu.com</url>
    </mirror>
</mirrors>  

3.在IDEA中配置倉庫File->Other Settings->Prefrence For New Projects

這樣後面新建的maven項目都會使用同一個倉庫

開始創建項目

1.1 創建 Spring Initializr

點擊next，輸入項目名稱：

勾選MyBatis ，MySQL，Web


最後選擇文件目錄以後成功創建一個demo工程。

在com.example.demo中新建一個類

@RestController
public class HelloController {

    @RequestMapping("/hello")
    public String hello(){
        return "hello this is my first SpringApplication";
    }
}

然後點擊Run->Run’DemoApplication’

這樣就跑起來了，可以看到我們的應用跑在8080端口

遇到的問題

1.java.lang.ClassNotFoundException: org.springframework.boot.SpringApplication
原因：spring-boot的相關包的版本不一致導致的

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<project xmlns="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
         xsi:schemaLocation="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0 https://maven.apache.org/xsd/maven-4.0.0.xsd">
    <modelVersion>4.0.0</modelVersion>
    <parent>
        <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
        <artifactId>spring-boot-starter-parent</artifactId>
        <version>1.4.2.RELEASE</version>
        <relativePath/> <!-- lookup parent from repository -->
    </parent>
    <dependencies>
    <!--"其他依賴不復制，以下這些依賴包的版本保持一致"-->
        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
            <artifactId>spring-boot-autoconfigure</artifactId>
            <version>1.4.2.RELEASE</version>
        </dependency>
        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
            <artifactId>spring-boot-autoconfigure</artifactId>
            <version>1.4.2.RELEASE</version>
        </dependency>
        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
            <artifactId>spring-boot</artifactId>
            <version>1.4.2.RELEASE</version>
        </dependency>
      
        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
            <artifactId>spring-boot-test</artifactId>
            <version>1.4.2.RELEASE</version>
            <scope>test</scope>
        </dependency>
    </dependencies>
</project>

2.java.lang.ClassNotFoundException: org.springframework.context.event.GenericApplicationListener

Caused by: java.lang.NoClassDefFoundError: org/springframework/context/event/GenericApplicationListener
原因：GenericApplicationListener是spring版本到4.2才加入的，所以將上面spring相關的包版本改到1.4.2以上。
3.java.lang.ClassNotFoundException: org.springframework.web.context.ContextLoaderListener
包沒有加載，遇到這種問題，需要clean後重新reimport

4.

org.springframework.beans.factory.BeanDefinitionStoreException: Unexpected exception parsing XML document from class path resource [META-INF/spring/community-context.xml]; nested exception is java.lang.NoSuchMethodError: org.springframework.beans.factory.support.DefaultListableBeanFactory.getDependencyComparator()Ljava/util/Comparator;
at org.springframework.beans.factory.xml.XmlBeanDefinitionReader.doLoadBeanDefinitions(XmlBeanDefinitionReader.java:412)
at org.springframework.beans.factory.xml.XmlBeanDefinitionReader.loadBeanDefinitions(XmlBeanDefinitionReader.java:334)
at org.springframework.beans.factory.xml.XmlBeanDefinitionReader.loadBeanDefinitions(XmlBeanDefinitionReader.java:302)
at 

包衝突引起，檢查包名

Exception encountered during context initialization - cancelling refresh attempt: 
org.springframework.beans.factory.BeanCreationException: Error creating bean with name 'dataSource' defined in class path resource 
[org/springframework/boot/autoconfigure/jdbc/DataSourceConfiguration$Hikari.class]: Bean instantiation via factory method failed; nested exception is org.springframework.beans.BeanInstantiationException: Failed to instantiate 
[com.zaxxer.hikari.HikariDataSource]: Factory method 'dataSource' threw exception; nested exception is 
org.springframework.boot.autoconfigure.jdbc.DataSourceProperties$DataSourceBeanCreationException: Failed to determine a suitable driver class

原因：spring boot會默認加載org.springframework.boot.autoconfigure.jdbc.DataSourceAutoConfiguration類

因爲新建的spring boot 工程中沒有dataSource相關的配置信息，所以一啓動就報錯

在Application類上加上如下：

@EnableAutoConfiguration(exclude={DataSourceAutoConfiguration.class}

@EnableAutoConfiguration(exclude = {DataSourceAutoConfiguration.class})
@SpringBootApplication
public class DemoApplication {

    public static void main(String[] args) {
        SpringApplication.run(DemoApplication.class, args);
    }

}

6.Cannot determine embedded database driver class for database type NONE
同上