MySQL下載
MySQL直接去官網下載就行，選擇community版本（免費）下載，鏈接：https://dev.mysql.com/downloads/mysql/。
在select operating system中選擇Microsoft Windows，下方對應出現最新版本的MySQL，目前是MySQL 8.0.20，有兩個zip文件，選擇第一個Windows (x86, 64-bit), ZIP Archive點擊右側的Download按鈕進行下載
官網下載有時速度比較慢，我將該壓縮包放到了網盤分享出來
鏈接：https://pan.baidu.com/s/1CaH_pQwvfox7JTu0ceUE5A
提取碼：6h6v
安裝與配置
將下載好的壓縮包解壓縮到全英文目錄下，比如我在D盤新建了MySQL文件夾，解壓到該文件夾下，D:/MySQL
然後把mysql 8.0.20所在的路徑D:\MySQL\mysql-8.0.20-winx64添加到環境變量Path中
接下來正式安裝和配置MySQL：
（一）首先在D:\MySQL\mysql-8.0.20-winx64路徑下創建一個my.ini文件，直接新建文本文檔，然後重命名爲my.ini即可。
在文檔中添加以下內容：
（注意修改basedir和datadir的路徑）
[mysqld]
# 設置3306端口
port=3306
# 設置mysql的安裝目錄
basedir=D:\\MySQL\\mysql-8.0.20-winx64 # 此處爲mysql的解壓縮路徑
# 設置mysql數據庫的數據的存放目錄
datadir=D:\\MySQL\\mysql-8.0.20-winx64\\Data # 此處同上，先不要在路徑中創建Data目錄，後面初始化時會自動生成
# 允許最大連接數
max_connections=200
# 允許連接失敗的次數。這是爲了防止有人從該主機試圖攻擊數據庫系統
max_connect_errors=10
# 服務端使用的字符集默認爲UTF8
character-set-server=utf8
# 創建新表時將使用的默認存儲引擎
default-storage-engine=INNODB
# 默認使用“mysql_native_password”插件認證
default_authentication_plugin=mysql_native_password
[mysql]
# 設置mysql客戶端默認字符集
default-character-set=utf8
[client]
# 設置mysql客戶端連接服務端時默認使用的端口
port=3306
default-character-set=utf8
（二）以管理員權限打開cmd（注意要以管理員權限打開），並將路徑切換到D:\MySQL\mysql-8.0.20-winx64\bin
Microsoft Windows [Version 10.0.18363.815]
(c) 2019 Microsoft Corporation。保留所有權利。
C:\Windows\system32>D:
D:\>cd MySQL
D:\MySQL>cd mysql-8.0.20-winx64
D:\MySQL\mysql-8.0.20-winx64>cd bin
D:\MySQL\mysql-8.0.20-winx64\bin>
輸入mysqld --initialize --console，進行初始化。該步可以得到mysql的初始密碼，root@localhost後面那一串就是初始密碼，先記錄下來，待會要用到
D:\MySQL\mysql-8.0.20-winx64\bin>mysqld --initialize --console
2020-05-10T11:26:21.895908Z 0 [System] [MY-013169] [Server] D:\MySQL\mysql-8.0.20-winx64\bin\mysqld.exe (mysqld 8.0.20) initializing of server in progress as process 9764
2020-05-10T11:26:21.897278Z 0 [Warning] [MY-013242] [Server] --character-set-server: 'utf8' is currently an alias for the character set UTF8MB3, but will be an alias for UTF8MB4 in a future release.
Please consider using UTF8MB4 in order to be unambiguous.
2020-05-10T11:26:21.915225Z 1 [System] [MY-013576] [InnoDB] InnoDB initialization has started.
2020-05-10T11:26:22.619057Z 1 [System] [MY-013577] [InnoDB] InnoDB initialization has ended.
2020-05-10T11:26:24.265774Z 6 [Note] [MY-010454] [Server] A temporary password is generated for root@localhost: 9Zh31zk-@mof
輸入mysqld --install（如果需要安裝多個mysql服務，這步輸入mysqld --install [服務名]）
D:\MySQL\mysql-8.0.20-winx64\bin>mysqld --install
Service successfully installed.
顯示Service successfully installed則說明安裝成功
輸入net start mysql，啓動MySQL服務
D:\MySQL\mysql-8.0.20-winx64\bin>net start mysql
The MySQL service is starting.
The MySQL service was started successfully.
輸入mysql -u root -p，使用初始密碼登錄mysql，在Enter password後輸入初始密碼
D:\MySQL\mysql-8.0.20-winx64\bin>mysql -u root -p
Enter password: ************
Welcome to the MySQL monitor. Commands end with ; or \g.
Your MySQL connection id is 8
Server version: 8.0.20
Copyright (c) 2000, 2020, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.
Oracle is a registered trademark of Oracle Corporation and/or its
affiliates. Other names may be trademarks of their respective
owners.
Type 'help;' or '\h' for help. Type '\c' to clear the current input statement.
登錄後，把初始密碼修改掉，可以設置成自己容易記住的密碼。
輸入ALTER USER 'root'@'localhost' IDENTIFIED WITH mysql_native_password BY '自己定義的密碼';（分號一定要帶）
mysql> ALTER USER 'root'@'localhost' IDENTIFIED WITH mysql_native_password BY '自己定義的密碼;
Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.02 sec)
到這一步就完成了
輸入show database;，可以查看包含哪些數據表
mysql> show databases;
+--------------------+
| Database |
+--------------------+
| information_schema |
| mysql |
| performance_schema |
| sys |
+--------------------+
4 rows in set (0.01 sec)