Flutter 和小程序混編

背景

本文我們將開一下腦洞，在 Flutter 工程基礎上下集成及運行小程序方案。

先看一下效果如下:

新建 Flutter 樣例工程

Flutter 的安裝

Flutter 的安裝可參考https://flutterchina.club/get-started/install/具體上主要執行以下三步即可。本文將使用 Flutter1.12.hotfix8 穩定版作爲開發環境。

1. 下載 FlutterSDK
2. 配置 PATH 環境路徑
3. flutter doctor 檢查環境

新建 Flutter 工程

flutter create --template=app --org=com.finogeeks.flutter --project-name=mini_flutter -i objc -a java ./mini_flutter

執行以上命令後，正常將會提示以下信息

All done!
[✓] Flutter: is fully installed. (Channel stable, v1.12.13+hotfix.8, on Mac OS X 10.15.3 19D76, locale zh-Hans-CN)
[✓] Android toolchain - develop for Android devices: is fully installed. (Android SDK version 29.0.3)
[✓] Xcode - develop for iOS and macOS: is fully installed. (Xcode 11.3.1)
[✓] Android Studio: is fully installed. (version 3.6)
[!] IntelliJ IDEA Ultimate Edition: is partially installed; more components are available. (version 2019.3.3)
[✓] VS Code: is fully installed. (version 1.42.1)
[!] Proxy Configuration: is partially installed; more components are available.
[✓] Connected device: is fully installed. (1 available)

Run "flutter doctor" for information about installing additional components.

In order to run your application, type:

  $ cd mini_flutter
  $ flutter run

Your application code is in mini_flutter/lib/main.dart.

注意！flutter 需要依賴本地安裝對應的 iOS,Android 開發工具，即需要安裝 Xcode 和 AndroidStudio。具體安裝使用方法這裏不贅述。
這裏我們用 VSCode+Xcode 作爲開發組合環境，如果要正常調試需要確保以下三個檢查項目是正常的。

1. [✓] Xcode - develop for iOS and macOS: is fully installed. (Xcode 11.3.1)
2. Flutter: is fully installed. (Channel stable, v1.12.13+hotfix.8, on Mac OS X 10.15.3 19D76, locale zh-Hans-CN)
3. VS Code: is fully installed. (version 1.42.1)
   [!] Proxy Configuration: is partially installed; more components are available.

集成小程序解析引擎

這裏我們採用凡泰免費社區版的小程序解析引擎，只需要 10 行代碼量不到即可完成小程序集成。

1. 引入小程序引擎插件。在 pubspec.yaml 文件中引入小程序 Flutter 插件

   mop: ^0.2.0

2. 在 main.dart 文件中增加以下小程序引擎初始化方法。 Mop.instance.initialize 這裏需要用到 sdkkey 和 secret。可以直接在https://mp.finogeeks.com免費註冊獲取。註冊使用方法可以參考接入指引

   
    // Platform messages are asynchronous, so we initialize in an async method.
    Future<void> init() async {
      if (Platform.isIOS) {
        final res = await Mop.instance.initialize(
            '22LyZEib0gLTQdU3MUauAYEY1h9s9YXzmGuSgQrin7UA', '9e05fa0015d7dbfa',
            apiServer: 'https://mp.finogeeks.com', apiPrefix: '/api/v1/mop');
        print(res);
      } else if (Platform.isAndroid) {
        final res = await Mop.instance.initialize(
            '22LyZEib0gLTQdU3MUauAYEY1h9s9YXzmGuSgQrin7UA', '9e05fa0015d7dbfa',
            apiServer: 'https://mp.finogeeks.com', apiPrefix: '/api/v1/mop');
        print(res);
      }
      if (!mounted) return;
    }

3. 在主界面上增加三個按鈕來打開小程序

  Center(
    child: Container(
      padding: EdgeInsets.only(
        top: 20,
      ),
      child: Column(
        children: <Widget>[
          Container(
            width: 140,
            decoration: BoxDecoration(
              borderRadius: BorderRadius.all(Radius.circular(5)),
              gradient: LinearGradient(
                colors: const [Color(0xFF12767e), Color(0xFF0dabb8)],
                stops: const [0.0, 1.0],
                begin: Alignment.topCenter,
                end: Alignment.bottomCenter,
              ),
            ),
            child: FlatButton(
              onPressed: () {
                Mop.instance.openApplet('5e3c147a188211000141e9b1',
                    path: 'pages/index/index', query: '');
              },
              child: Text(
                '打開畫圖小程序',
                style: TextStyle(color: Colors.white),
              ),
            ),
          ),
          SizedBox(height: 30),
          Container(
            width: 140,
            decoration: BoxDecoration(
              borderRadius: BorderRadius.all(Radius.circular(5)),
              gradient: LinearGradient(
                colors: const [Color(0xFF12767e), Color(0xFF0dabb8)],
                stops: const [0.0, 1.0],
                begin: Alignment.topCenter,
                end: Alignment.bottomCenter,
              ),
            ),
            child: FlatButton(
              onPressed: () {
                Mop.instance.openApplet('5e4d123647edd60001055df1');
              },
              child: Text(
                '打開官方小程序',
                style: TextStyle(color: Colors.white),
              ),
            ),
          ),
          SizedBox(height: 30),
          Container(
            width: 140,
            decoration: BoxDecoration(
              borderRadius: BorderRadius.all(Radius.circular(5)),
              gradient: LinearGradient(
                colors: const [Color(0xFF12767e), Color(0xFF0dabb8)],
                stops: const [0.0, 1.0],
                begin: Alignment.topCenter,
                end: Alignment.bottomCenter,
              ),
            ),
            child: FlatButton(
              onPressed: () {
                Mop.instance.openApplet('5e637a18cbfae4000170fa7a');
              },
              child: Text(
                '我的對賬單',
                style: TextStyle(color: Colors.white),
              ),
            ),
          ),
        ],
      ),
    ),
  )

4. 運行 Flutter 程序

• 在代碼根目錄執行 flutter devices 查看本機安裝的模擬器。
• 執行 flutter run --debug 運行示例，運行效果之如本文最前面所展示的圖示。

本文示例代碼: https://github.com/finogeeks/mop-flutter-demo

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