一、更新和安裝必要軟件
##更新
yum -y update
##安裝必要的軟件
yum -y install binutils gcc gcc-c++ compat-libstdc++-33 glibc glibc.i686 glibc-devel ksh libgcc.i686 libstdc++-devel libaio libaio.i686 libaio-devel libaio-devel.i686 libXtst libXtst.i686 libX11 libX11.i686 libXau libXau.i686 libxcb libxcb.i686 libXi libXi.i686 make sysstat compat-libcap1
二、準備安裝文件:
一種是下載好安裝文件後上傳到linux服務上,另外一種直接再Linux服務器上下載(確定有外網可以訪問到oracle官網)。建議事先使用迅雷下載,安裝包4G,oralce官網服務器在國外下載比較慢
方法一、官網下載兩個文件
oracle-database-preinstall-18c-1.0-1.el7.x86_64.rpm 官網地址
oracle-database-ee-18c-1.0-1.x86_64.rpm 官網地址自動跳轉到登錄界面,登錄成功後即可下載
方法二、服務器上下載
1.下載預先安裝的包:
curl -o oracle-database-preinstall-18c-1.0-1.el7.x86_64.rpm https://yum.oracle.com/repo/OracleLinux/OL7/latest/x86_64/getPackage/oracle-database-preinstall-18c-1.0-1.el7.x86_64.rpm
-- 下載oracle的安裝包:
wget http://download.oracle.com/otn/linux/oracle18c/180000/oracle-database-ee-18c-1.0-1.x86_64.rpm?AuthParam=1539962668_5311e130d1cfb704834cf88b9c9c5e5c
注意:AuthParam=1539962668_5311e130d1cfb704834cf88b9c9c5e5c爲oracle登錄信息。需要預先登錄oracle官網把登錄信息複製下來替換爲自己的
mv oracle-database-ee-18c-1.0-1.x86_64.rpm\?AuthParam\=1539962668_5311e130d1cfb704834cf88b9c9c5e5c oracle-database-ee-18c-1.0-1.x86_64.rpm
2.安裝
yum -y localinstall oracle-database-preinstall-18c-1.0-1.el7.x86_64.rpm
會自動安裝依賴的軟件包。
安裝信息省略,看到以下信息證明安裝完成
Transaction Summary
================================================================================================
Install 1 Package (+56 Dependent packages)
Upgrade ( 3 Dependent packages)
3.安裝oracle-database-servrer:
rpm -ivh oracle-database-ee-18c-1.0-1.x86_64.rpm
安裝信息省略
注意:上述安裝部署比較耗時,需要耐心等待。
4.參看配置文件:
cat /etc/sysconfig/oracledb_ORCLCDB-18c.conf
#This is a configuration file to setup the Oracle Database.
#It is used when running '/etc/init.d/oracledb_ORCLCDB configure'.
#Please use this file to modify the default listener port and the
#Oracle data location.
# LISTENER_PORT: Database listener
LISTENER_PORT=1521
# ORACLE_DATA_LOCATION: Database oradata location
ORACLE_DATA_LOCATION=/opt/oracle/oradata
# EM_EXPRESS_PORT: Oracle EM Express listener
EM_EXPRESS_PORT=5500
5.配置:
/etc/init.d/oracledb_ORCLCDB-18c configure
執行腳本之後將創建一個容器數據庫(ORCLCDB)和一個可插拔數據庫(ORCLPDB1),並且配置的默認監聽端口是1521.
安裝信息省略,看到以下信息證明安裝完成
100% complete
Database creation complete. For details check the logfiles at:
/opt/oracle/cfgtoollogs/dbca/ORCLCDB.
Database Information:
Global Database Name:ORCLCDB
System Identifier(SID):ORCLCDB
Look at the log file "/opt/oracle/cfgtoollogs/dbca/ORCLCDB/ORCLCDB.log" for further details.
Database configuration completed successfully. The passwords were auto generated, you must change them by connecting to the database using 'sqlplus / as sysdba' as the oracle user.
6.進程和端口查看:
#端口查看
netstat -nultp | grep -E '1521|5500'
tcp6 0 0 :::1521 :::* LISTEN 590400/tnslsnr
tcp6 0 0 :::5500 :::* LISTEN 590400/tnslsnr
ps -ef | grep -i orcl | grep -v grep
省略部分日誌信息
oracle 604306 1 0 00:08 ?00:00:00 ora_m001_ORCLCDB
oracle 604321 1 0 00:08 ?00:00:00 ora_tt00_ORCLCDB
oracle 604323 1 0 00:08 ?00:00:00 ora_tt01_ORCLCDB
oracle 604325 1 0 00:08 ?00:00:00 ora_tt02_ORCLCDB
......
7.切換oracle用戶登錄系統:
su - oracle
8.配置環境變量
vi .bash_profile
##或者
vi .bashrc
在最後一行添加內容如下
###在末尾插入###
umask 022 ###這一步的作用未明
export ORACLE_SID=ORCLCDB ####根據需求填寫實際的sid,我的這個是系統默認的CDB(數據庫容器),不是PDB
export ORACLE_BASE=/opt/oracle/oradata ### 這是數據庫默認物理存儲文件的目錄,
export ORACLE_HOME=/opt/oracle/product/18c/dbhome_1 #### 這是數據庫默認的運行文件目錄,包括命令(大概,描述不一定正確)
PATH=$PATH:$ORACLE_HOME/bin:$HOME/.local/bin:$HOME/bin
export PATH
9.執行環境變量設置,目的使剛纔修改的配置生效
source .bash_profile
### 或者
source .bashrc
10.到此結束,可以正常訪問數據庫了
sqlplus / as sysdba
11.啓動和關閉數據庫服務命令
SQL> shutdown
SQL> startup