Mac 安裝MySQLdb (Python mysql )報錯

在使用python3連接MySQL的時候出現了 ‘ModuleNotFoundError: No module named ‘MySQLdb’’錯誤。
爲了加深記憶，將問題解決過程總結如下：

1、環境：OS X操作系統，Python 3.7.3。
2、在python文件中引入數據庫模塊，運行報錯

#! /usr/bin/python
# coding: utf-8

# 連接數據庫 mysql -u root -p

import MySQLdb
print('sql')

報錯內容如下：

2、根據提示安裝MySQL-python

pip install MySQL-python

運行安裝命令，繼續報錯，具體報錯內容如下，

ERROR: Command errored out with exit status 1:
     command: /Users/apple/anaconda3/bin/python -c 'import sys, setuptools, tokenize; sys.argv[0] = '"'"'/private/var/folders/82/g066n2jx5s98h8l5s1r2f4pm0000gn/T/pip-install-s7hkgu37/mysql-python/setup.py'"'"'; __file__='"'"'/private/var/folders/82/g066n2jx5s98h8l5s1r2f4pm0000gn/T/pip-install-s7hkgu37/mysql-python/setup.py'"'"';f=getattr(tokenize, '"'"'open'"'"', open)(__file__);code=f.read().replace('"'"'\r\n'"'"', '"'"'\n'"'"');f.close();exec(compile(code, __file__, '"'"'exec'"'"'))' egg_info --egg-base /private/var/folders/82/g066n2jx5s98h8l5s1r2f4pm0000gn/T/pip-pip-egg-info-5g06sc7q
         cwd: /private/var/folders/82/g066n2jx5s98h8l5s1r2f4pm0000gn/T/pip-install-s7hkgu37/mysql-python/
    Complete output (7 lines):
    Traceback (most recent call last):
      File "<string>", line 1, in <module>
      File "/private/var/folders/82/g066n2jx5s98h8l5s1r2f4pm0000gn/T/pip-install-s7hkgu37/mysql-python/setup.py", line 13, in <module>
        from setup_posix import get_config
      File "/private/var/folders/82/g066n2jx5s98h8l5s1r2f4pm0000gn/T/pip-install-s7hkgu37/mysql-python/setup_posix.py", line 2, in <module>
        from ConfigParser import SafeConfigParser
    ModuleNotFoundError: No module named 'ConfigParser'
    ----------------------------------------
ERROR: Command errored out with exit status 1: python setup.py egg_info Check the logs for full command output.

3、依據報錯提示信息安裝ConfigParser

pip install ConfigParser

安裝成功之後，運行代碼，依然提示上面的報錯信息

4、查找原因

這是因爲 MySQL-python 不支持 Python3
python3使用mysqlclient模塊替代了python2的 mysqldb模塊

【解決方法1】
安裝mysqlclient模塊

pip install mysqlclient

然後就可以正常運行了

【解決方法2】
安裝pymysql模塊

pip install pymysql

5、如果還有報錯，可能是原因是，需要安裝mysql，且升級pip版本