Mac 安装MySQLdb (Python mysql )报错

在使用python3连接MySQL的时候出现了 ‘ModuleNotFoundError: No module named ‘MySQLdb’’错误。
为了加深记忆，将问题解决过程总结如下：

1、环境：OS X操作系统，Python 3.7.3。
2、在python文件中引入数据库模块，运行报错

#! /usr/bin/python
# coding: utf-8

# 连接数据库 mysql -u root -p

import MySQLdb
print('sql')

报错内容如下：

2、根据提示安装MySQL-python

pip install MySQL-python

运行安装命令，继续报错，具体报错内容如下，

ERROR: Command errored out with exit status 1:
     command: /Users/apple/anaconda3/bin/python -c 'import sys, setuptools, tokenize; sys.argv[0] = '"'"'/private/var/folders/82/g066n2jx5s98h8l5s1r2f4pm0000gn/T/pip-install-s7hkgu37/mysql-python/setup.py'"'"'; __file__='"'"'/private/var/folders/82/g066n2jx5s98h8l5s1r2f4pm0000gn/T/pip-install-s7hkgu37/mysql-python/setup.py'"'"';f=getattr(tokenize, '"'"'open'"'"', open)(__file__);code=f.read().replace('"'"'\r\n'"'"', '"'"'\n'"'"');f.close();exec(compile(code, __file__, '"'"'exec'"'"'))' egg_info --egg-base /private/var/folders/82/g066n2jx5s98h8l5s1r2f4pm0000gn/T/pip-pip-egg-info-5g06sc7q
         cwd: /private/var/folders/82/g066n2jx5s98h8l5s1r2f4pm0000gn/T/pip-install-s7hkgu37/mysql-python/
    Complete output (7 lines):
    Traceback (most recent call last):
      File "<string>", line 1, in <module>
      File "/private/var/folders/82/g066n2jx5s98h8l5s1r2f4pm0000gn/T/pip-install-s7hkgu37/mysql-python/setup.py", line 13, in <module>
        from setup_posix import get_config
      File "/private/var/folders/82/g066n2jx5s98h8l5s1r2f4pm0000gn/T/pip-install-s7hkgu37/mysql-python/setup_posix.py", line 2, in <module>
        from ConfigParser import SafeConfigParser
    ModuleNotFoundError: No module named 'ConfigParser'
    ----------------------------------------
ERROR: Command errored out with exit status 1: python setup.py egg_info Check the logs for full command output.

3、依据报错提示信息安装ConfigParser

pip install ConfigParser

安装成功之后，运行代码，依然提示上面的报错信息

4、查找原因

这是因为 MySQL-python 不支持 Python3
python3使用mysqlclient模块替代了python2的 mysqldb模块

【解决方法1】
安装mysqlclient模块

pip install mysqlclient

然后就可以正常运行了

【解决方法2】
安装pymysql模块

pip install pymysql

5、如果还有报错，可能是原因是，需要安装mysql，且升级pip版本