Jpa使用教程（2）--Spring Data JPA_Spring整合JPA

文章目錄

1、Spring Data JPA是啥東西

Spring Data JPA 是 Spring 基於 ORM 框架、JPA 規範的基礎上封裝的一套JPA應用框架，可使開發者用極簡的代碼即可實現對數據庫的訪問和操作。它提供了包括增刪改查等在內的常用功能，且易於擴展！

2、層層封裝的關係

圖裏啥都有

3、搭建Spring Data JPA的開發環境

引入Spring Data JPA(maven配置)
整合Spring Data JPA與Spring—配置xml（bean）
2.2.3使用JPA註解配置映射關係（創建實體類）

引入Spring Data JPA(pom.xm)

  <properties>
        <spring.version>4.2.4.RELEASE</spring.version>
        <hibernate.version>5.0.7.Final</hibernate.version>
        <slf4j.version>1.6.6</slf4j.version>
        <log4j.version>1.2.12</log4j.version>
        <c3p0.version>0.9.1.2</c3p0.version>
        <mysql.version>5.1.6</mysql.version>
    </properties>

    <dependencies>
        <!-- junit單元測試 -->
        <dependency>
            <groupId>junit</groupId>
            <artifactId>junit</artifactId>
            <version>4.9</version>
            <scope>test</scope>
        </dependency>
        
        <!-- spring beg -->
        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.aspectj</groupId>
            <artifactId>aspectjweaver</artifactId>
            <version>1.6.8</version>
        </dependency>

        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.springframework</groupId>
            <artifactId>spring-aop</artifactId>
            <version>${spring.version}</version>
        </dependency>

        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.springframework</groupId>
            <artifactId>spring-context</artifactId>
            <version>${spring.version}</version>
        </dependency>

        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.springframework</groupId>
            <artifactId>spring-context-support</artifactId>
            <version>${spring.version}</version>
        </dependency>

        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.springframework</groupId>
            <artifactId>spring-orm</artifactId>
            <version>${spring.version}</version>
        </dependency>

        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.springframework</groupId>
            <artifactId>spring-beans</artifactId>
            <version>${spring.version}</version>
        </dependency>

        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.springframework</groupId>
            <artifactId>spring-core</artifactId>
            <version>${spring.version}</version>
        </dependency>
        
        <!-- spring end -->

        <!-- hibernate beg -->
        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.hibernate</groupId>
            <artifactId>hibernate-core</artifactId>
            <version>${hibernate.version}</version>
        </dependency>
        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.hibernate</groupId>
            <artifactId>hibernate-entitymanager</artifactId>
            <version>${hibernate.version}</version>
        </dependency>
        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.hibernate</groupId>
            <artifactId>hibernate-validator</artifactId>
            <version>5.2.1.Final</version>
        </dependency>
        <!-- hibernate end -->

        <!-- c3p0 beg -->
        <dependency>
            <groupId>c3p0</groupId>
            <artifactId>c3p0</artifactId>
            <version>${c3p0.version}</version>
        </dependency>
        <!-- c3p0 end -->

        <!-- log end -->
        <dependency>
            <groupId>log4j</groupId>
            <artifactId>log4j</artifactId>
            <version>${log4j.version}</version>
        </dependency>

        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.slf4j</groupId>
            <artifactId>slf4j-api</artifactId>
            <version>${slf4j.version}</version>
        </dependency>

        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.slf4j</groupId>
            <artifactId>slf4j-log4j12</artifactId>
            <version>${slf4j.version}</version>
        </dependency>
        <!-- log end -->

        
        <dependency>
            <groupId>mysql</groupId>
            <artifactId>mysql-connector-java</artifactId>
            <version>${mysql.version}</version>
        </dependency>

        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.springframework.data</groupId>
            <artifactId>spring-data-jpa</artifactId>
            <version>1.9.0.RELEASE</version>
        </dependency>

        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.springframework</groupId>
            <artifactId>spring-test</artifactId>
            <version>4.2.4.RELEASE</version>
        </dependency>
        
        <!-- el beg 使用spring data jpa 必須引入 -->
        <dependency>  
            <groupId>javax.el</groupId>  
            <artifactId>javax.el-api</artifactId>  
            <version>2.2.4</version>  
        </dependency>  
          
        <dependency>  
            <groupId>org.glassfish.web</groupId>  
            <artifactId>javax.el</artifactId>  
            <version>2.2.4</version>  
        </dependency> 
        <!-- el end -->
    </dependencies>

整合Spring Data JPA與Spring（Spring的bean配置）

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<beans xmlns="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans"
	xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xmlns:aop="http://www.springframework.org/schema/aop"
	xmlns:context="http://www.springframework.org/schema/context"
	xmlns:jdbc="http://www.springframework.org/schema/jdbc" xmlns:tx="http://www.springframework.org/schema/tx"
	xmlns:jpa="http://www.springframework.org/schema/data/jpa" xmlns:task="http://www.springframework.org/schema/task"
	xsi:schemaLocation="
		http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans/spring-beans.xsd
		http://www.springframework.org/schema/aop http://www.springframework.org/schema/aop/spring-aop.xsd
		http://www.springframework.org/schema/context http://www.springframework.org/schema/context/spring-context.xsd
		http://www.springframework.org/schema/jdbc http://www.springframework.org/schema/jdbc/spring-jdbc.xsd
		http://www.springframework.org/schema/tx http://www.springframework.org/schema/tx/spring-tx.xsd
		http://www.springframework.org/schema/data/jpa 
		http://www.springframework.org/schema/data/jpa/spring-jpa.xsd">
	
	<!-- 1.dataSource 配置數據庫連接池-->
	<bean id="dataSource" class="com.mchange.v2.c3p0.ComboPooledDataSource">
		<property name="driverClass" value="com.mysql.jdbc.Driver" />
		<property name="jdbcUrl" value="jdbc:mysql://localhost:3306/jpa" />
		<property name="user" value="root" />
		<property name="password" value="111111" />
	</bean>
	
	<!-- 2.配置entityManagerFactory -->
	<bean id="entityManagerFactory" class="org.springframework.orm.jpa.LocalContainerEntityManagerFactoryBean">
		<property name="dataSource" ref="dataSource" />
		<property name="packagesToScan" value="cn.itcast.entity" />
		<property name="persistenceProvider">
			<bean class="org.hibernate.jpa.HibernatePersistenceProvider" />
		</property>
		<!--JPA的供應商適配器-->
		<property name="jpaVendorAdapter">
			<bean class="org.springframework.orm.jpa.vendor.HibernateJpaVendorAdapter">
				<property name="generateDdl" value="false" />
				<property name="database" value="MYSQL" />
				<property name="databasePlatform" value="org.hibernate.dialect.MySQLDialect" />
				<property name="showSql" value="true" />
			</bean>
		</property>
		<property name="jpaDialect">
			<bean class="org.springframework.orm.jpa.vendor.HibernateJpaDialect" />
		</property>
	</bean>
    
	
	<!-- 3.事務管理器-->
	<!-- JPA事務管理器  -->
	<bean id="transactionManager" class="org.springframework.orm.jpa.JpaTransactionManager">
		<property name="entityManagerFactory" ref="entityManagerFactory" />
	</bean>
	
	<!-- 整合spring data jpa-->
	<jpa:repositories base-package="cn.itcast.dao"
		transaction-manager-ref="transactionManager"
		entity-manager-factory-ref="entityManagerFactory"></jpa:repositories>
		
	<!-- 4.txAdvice-->
	<tx:advice id="txAdvice" transaction-manager="transactionManager">
		<tx:attributes>
			<tx:method name="save*" propagation="REQUIRED"/>
			<tx:method name="insert*" propagation="REQUIRED"/>
			<tx:method name="update*" propagation="REQUIRED"/>
			<tx:method name="delete*" propagation="REQUIRED"/>
			<tx:method name="get*" read-only="true"/>
			<tx:method name="find*" read-only="true"/>
			<tx:method name="*" propagation="REQUIRED"/>
		</tx:attributes>
	</tx:advice>
	
	<!-- 5.aop-->
	<aop:config>
		<aop:pointcut id="pointcut" expression="execution(* cn.itcast.service.*.*(..))" />
		<aop:advisor advice-ref="txAdvice" pointcut-ref="pointcut" />
	</aop:config>
	
	<context:component-scan base-package="cn.itcast"></context:component-scan>
		
	<!--組裝其它 配置文件-->
	
</beans>

使用JPA註解配置映射關係

package cn.itcast.entity;

import javax.persistence.Column;
import javax.persistence.Entity;
import javax.persistence.GeneratedValue;
import javax.persistence.GenerationType;
import javax.persistence.Id;
import javax.persistence.Table;

/**
 * 
 *      * 所有的註解都是使用JPA的規範提供的註解，
 *      * 所以在導入註解包的時候，一定要導入javax.persistence下的
 */
@Entity //聲明實體類
@Table(name="cst_customer") //建立實體類和表的映射關係
public class Customer {
    
    @Id//聲明當前私有屬性爲主鍵
    @GeneratedValue(strategy=GenerationType.IDENTITY) //配置主鍵的生成策略
    @Column(name="cust_id") //指定和表中cust_id字段的映射關係
    private Long custId;
    
    @Column(name="cust_name") //指定和表中cust_name字段的映射關係
    private String custName;
    
    @Column(name="cust_source")//指定和表中cust_source字段的映射關係
    private String custSource;
    
    @Column(name="cust_industry")//指定和表中cust_industry字段的映射關係
    private String custIndustry;
    
    @Column(name="cust_level")//指定和表中cust_level字段的映射關係
    private String custLevel;
    
    @Column(name="cust_address")//指定和表中cust_address字段的映射關係
    private String custAddress;
    
    @Column(name="cust_phone")//指定和表中cust_phone字段的映射關係
    private String custPhone;
    
    public Long getCustId() {
        return custId;
    }
    public void setCustId(Long custId) {
        this.custId = custId;
    }
    public String getCustName() {
        return custName;
    }
    public void setCustName(String custName) {
        this.custName = custName;
    }
    public String getCustSource() {
        return custSource;
    }
    public void setCustSource(String custSource) {
        this.custSource = custSource;
    }
    public String getCustIndustry() {
        return custIndustry;
    }
    public void setCustIndustry(String custIndustry) {
        this.custIndustry = custIndustry;
    }
    public String getCustLevel() {
        return custLevel;
    }
    public void setCustLevel(String custLevel) {
        this.custLevel = custLevel;
    }
    public String getCustAddress() {
        return custAddress;
    }
    public void setCustAddress(String custAddress) {
        this.custAddress = custAddress;
    }
    public String getCustPhone() {
        return custPhone;
    }
    public void setCustPhone(String custPhone) {
        this.custPhone = custPhone;
    }
}

4、使用Spring Data JPA完成需求

1.創建一個Dao層接口，並實現JpaRepository和JpaSpecificationExecutor
2.提供相應的泛型



import java.util.List;

import org.springframework.data.jpa.repository.JpaRepository;
import org.springframework.data.jpa.repository.JpaSpecificationExecutor;

import cn.itcast.entity.Customer;

/**
 * JpaRepository<實體類類型，主鍵類型>：用來完成基本CRUD操作
 * JpaSpecificationExecutor<實體類類型>：用於複雜查詢（分頁等查詢操作）
 */
public interface CustomerDao extends JpaRepository<Customer, Long>, JpaSpecificationExecutor<Customer> {
}

完成基本CRUD操作，可能有人會有疑問，我在接口裏面都沒有定方法，爲什麼可以在測試裏面可以調用一些方法，因爲這是JpaRepository和JpaSpecificationExecutor的方法

@RunWith(SpringJUnit4ClassRunner.class)
@ContextConfiguration(locations="classpath:applicationContext.xml")
public class CustomerDaoTest {

    @Autowired
    private CustomerDao customerDao;
    
    /**
     * 保存客戶：調用save(obj)方法
     */
    @Test
    public void testSave() {
        Customer c = new Customer();
        c.setCustName("盧本偉");
        customerDao.save(c);
    }
    
    /**
     * 修改客戶：調用save(obj)方法
     *      對於save方法的解釋：如果執行此方法是對象中存在id屬性，即爲更新操作會先根據id查詢，再更新    
     *                      如果執行此方法中對象中不存在id屬性，即爲保存操作
     *          
     */
    @Test
    public void testUpdate() {
        //根據id查詢id爲1的客戶
        Customer customer = customerDao.findOne(1l);
        //修改客戶名稱
        customer.setCustName("盧本偉廣場");
        //更新
        customerDao.save(customer);
    }
    
    /**
     * 根據id刪除：調用delete(id)方法
     */
    @Test
    public void testDelete() {
        customerDao.delete(1l);
    }
    
    /**
     * 根據id查詢：調用findOne(id)方法
     */
    @Test
    public void testFindById() {
        Customer customer = customerDao.findOne(2l);
        System.out.println(customer);
    }
}

JpaRepository方法列表

JpaSpecificationExecutor的方法列表

5、擴展

除了使用Spring Data JPA中接口定義的方法進行對數據庫的操作，還有使用其他三種

使用JPQL的方式查詢
使用SQL語句查詢
方法命名規則查詢

Jpa使用教程（2）--Spring Data JPA_Spring整合JPA

文章目錄

1、Spring Data JPA是啥東西

2、層層封裝的關係

3、搭建Spring Data JPA的開發環境

4、使用Spring Data JPA完成需求

5、擴展

記一次 .NET某工業設計軟件崩潰分析

創建 Vue3 項目

TS + Webpack 整合 Jest

分享5款.NET開源免費的Redis客戶端組件庫

安卓手機如何登錄抖音境外版

golang開發 gorilla websocket的使用

面試官：如果不允許線程池丟棄任務，應該選擇哪個拒絕策略？

嵌入式汽車電子學習路線

Mac卸載 Node npm，升級 Node

uni.showModel內容換行

redis緩存在高併發和安全壓力下的一些問題解決方案---緩存穿透、緩存擊穿、緩存雪崩；redis分佈式鎖：set px nx、Redisson實現java代碼層控制分佈式鎖

JavaSE--重新學習_查漏補缺(13)--緩衝字節、字符流_轉換流_標準輸入輸出流、打印流和數據流_對象流_隨機存取流--RandomAccessFile 類

JavaSE--重新學習_查漏補缺(16)--多線程創建和啓動_Thread類的有關方法_線程的生命週期_線程的同步_線程的死鎖問題_線程間通信_經典線程同步---生產者/消費者問題

Jpa使用教程（2）--Spring Data JPA_Spring整合JPA

指針和地址參照實例

https://yachay.unat.edu.pe/blog/index.php?comment_area=format_blog&comment_component=blog&comment_co

linux以太網驅動總結