Spring Framework--ApplicationComtext(3)詳解AbstractApplicationContext.refresh()--

前言

上篇博客主要以ClassPathXmlApplicationContext爲線,debug走了一遍構造函數。本篇嚴格來說是上一篇博客的繼續,因此本文將繼續以ClassPathXmlApplicationContext爲線走進AbstractApplicationContext.refresh()。

概述

​ refresh方法位於ConfigurableApplicationContext接口類中,被AbstractApplicationContext抽象類繼承,初步實現了ApplicationContext的一般功能,並且抽象類中使用了模板方法模式,給以後要實現的子類提供了統一的模板。

// 注代碼中的中文只是單純的翻譯,以及簡單的個人理解。

/**
     * Load or refresh the persistent representation of the configuration,
     * which might an XML file, properties file, or relational database schema.
     * <p>As this is a startup method, it should destroy already created singletons
     * if it fails, to avoid dangling resources. In other words, after invocation
     * of that method, either all or no singletons at all should be instantiated.
     * @throws BeansException if the bean factory could not be initialized
     * @throws IllegalStateException if already initialized and multiple refresh
     * attempts are not supported
     */
/** 
* 加載或則刷新持久表示的配置,這個配置可能來自一個xml文件,配置文件或則關係型數據庫對象的集合。由於這是一個 * 啓動方法,它應該銷燬已經創建的單例。 如果失敗了,就避免了懸空的資源。 換句話說,在調用該方法之後,應該 
* 實例化所有或者全部的no singletons(這裏不知道怎麼翻譯)。
*/
void refresh() throws BeansException, IllegalStateException;


public void refresh() throws BeansException, IllegalStateException {
        synchronized (this.startupShutdownMonitor) {
            // Prepare this context for refreshing.
            // 爲刷新準備上下文,獲取容器的當時時間,同時給容器設置同步標識
            prepareRefresh();

            // Tell the subclass to refresh the internal bean factory.
            // 告訴子類需要刷新的內部bean工廠
            ConfigurableListableBeanFactory beanFactory = obtainFreshBeanFactory();

            // Prepare the bean factory for use in this context.
            // 在上下文中準備bean工廠爲了之後使用。
            // 爲bean工廠配置容器特徵,例如類加載器,事件處理器等
            prepareBeanFactory(beanFactory);

            try {
                // Allows post-processing of the bean factory in context subclasses.
                // 在上下文子類中,允許對bean工廠進行後期處理
                postProcessBeanFactory(beanFactory);

                // Invoke factory processors registered as beans in the context.
                // 在上下文中,調用工廠處理器註冊成爲bean
                // 調用bean工廠的後處理器,這些處理器是在bean定義中想容器註冊的。
                invokeBeanFactoryPostProcessors(beanFactory);

                // Register bean processors that intercept bean creation.
                // 註冊用於攔截bean創建的bean處理器
                registerBeanPostProcessors(beanFactory);

                // Initialize message source for this context.
                // 爲上下文初始化消息資源
                initMessageSource();

                // Initialize event multicaster for this context.
                // 初始化上下文中的事件多路廣播--->事件多播器
                // 初始化上下文中的事件機制
                initApplicationEventMulticaster();

                // Initialize other special beans in specific context subclasses.
                // 初始化指定context子類中的特殊bean
                onRefresh();

                // Check for listener beans and register them.
                // 註冊並檢查bean監聽器
                registerListeners();

                // Instantiate all remaining (non-lazy-init) singletons.
                // 初始化剩下的非延遲加載(non-lazy-init)單例beans
                finishBeanFactoryInitialization(beanFactory);

                // Last step: publish corresponding event.
                // 最後一步,發佈相關的容器事件
                finishRefresh();
            }

            catch (BeansException ex) {
                if (logger.isWarnEnabled()) {
                    logger.warn("Exception encountered during context initialization - " +
                            "cancelling refresh attempt: " + ex);
                }

                // Destroy already created singleßtons to avoid dangling resources.
                // 銷燬已經創建的單例bean
                destroyBeans();

                // Reset 'active' flag.
                // 取消refresh操作,充值‘activity’標誌位
                cancelRefresh(ex);

                // Propagate exception to caller.
                throw ex;
            }

            finally {
                // Reset common introspection caches in Spring's core, since we
                // might not ever need metadata for singleton beans anymore...
                resetCommonCaches();
            }
        }
    }

正文

  1. prepareRefresh();

    先來看看一下prepareRefresh的時序圖

    這裏寫圖片描述

    再看看代碼

    /**
     * Prepare this context for refreshing, setting its startup date and
     * active flag as well as performing any initialization of property sources.
     */
    /*
    爲刷新準備上下文,設置它的開始時間和活動標誌以及執行所有屬性資源的初始化。
    */
    protected void prepareRefresh() {
        // 設置啓動時間
            this.startupDate = System.currentTimeMillis();
            // 設置關閉標誌位false,運行標誌位true.
            // close 和activityAtomicBoolean 
        this.closed.set(false);
        this.active.set(true);
    
        if (logger.isInfoEnabled()) {
            logger.info("Refreshing " + this);
        }
    
        // Initialize any placeholder property sources in the context environment
           //  初始化上下文環境中的所有佔位符屬性元
            //  默認爲空
        initPropertySources();
    
        // Validate that all properties marked as required are resolvable
        // see ConfigurablePropertyResolver#setRequiredProperties
           // 驗證被標記爲必要屬性的可解析性
           getEnvironment().validateRequiredProperties();
           // 上面方法單步進去,看到如下代碼。這裏對requiredProperties屬性的set還不知道在哪。
           // public void validateRequiredProperties() {
    // MissingRequiredPropertiesException ex = new  MissingRequiredPropertiesException();
    //       for (String key : this.requiredProperties) {
    //           if (this.getProperty(key) == null) {
    //               ex.addMissingRequiredProperty(key);
    //           }
    //       }
    //       if (!ex.getMissingRequiredProperties().isEmpty()) {
    //           throw ex;
    //       }
    //   }
    
    
        // Allow for the collection of early ApplicationEvents,
        // to be published once the multicaster is available...
           // 在早期就建立起ApplicationEvent事件容器,一旦多路廣播可用就可以發佈了。
        this.earlyApplicationEvents = new LinkedHashSet<>();
    }   

  2. obtainFreshBeanFactory()—— 告訴子類刷新內部bean工廠

      protected ConfigurableListableBeanFactory obtainFreshBeanFactory() {
    
        /**
         * This implementation performs an actual refresh of this context's underlying
         * bean factory, shutting down the previous bean factory (if any) and
         * initializing a fresh bean factory for the next phase of the context's lifecycle.
         */
        // 這個實現執行一個上下文的底層bean工廠刷新,關閉之前已有的bean工廠,併爲上下文生命週期的下一個階段初始化bean工廠
        refreshBeanFactory(); 
    
        // 獲取bean工廠
        ConfigurableListableBeanFactory beanFactory = getBeanFactory();
    
        if (logger.isDebugEnabled()) {
        logger.debug("Bean factory for " + getDisplayName() + ": " + beanFactory);
            }ß
            return beanFactory;
        }

    ##### 2.1 refreshBeanFactory()

    首先來看看時序圖:

    這裏寫圖片描述

        /**
         * This implementation performs an actual refresh of this context's underlying
         * bean factory, shutting down the previous bean factory (if any) and
         * initializing a fresh bean factory for the next phase of the context's lifecycle.
         */
        @Override
        protected final void refreshBeanFactory() throws BeansException {
            if (hasBeanFactory()) {
                destroyBeans();
                closeBeanFactory();
            }
            try {
                DefaultListableBeanFactory beanFactory = createBeanFactory();
                beanFactory.setSerializationId(getId());
                customizeBeanFactory(beanFactory);
                    // 抽象方法,交由子類實現。
                loadBeanDefinitions(beanFactory);
                synchronized (this.beanFactoryMonitor) {
                    this.beanFactory = beanFactory;
                }
            }
            catch (IOException ex) {
                throw new ApplicationContextException("I/O error parsing bean definition source for " + getDisplayName(), ex);
            }
        }

    refreshBeanFactory中主要分爲以下幾步:

    • 判斷是否之前是否存在bean工廠,如果存在,將bean工廠、緩存等信息清空
    • 創建一個DefaultListableBeanFactory工廠
    • 定製當前bean工廠,能否進行重寫及循環引用 –customizeBeanFactory(beanFactory)
    • 加載所有bean到beanFactory

      2.2 loadBeanDefinitions(beanFactory)

      在2.1中refreshBeanFactory中,loadBeanDefinitions是一個抽象方法,其具體實現交由子類。現在來看看AbstractXmlApplicationContext是如何實現的。

      /**
       * Loads the bean definitions via an XmlBeanDefinitionReader.
       * @see org.springframework.beans.factory.xml.XmlBeanDefinitionReader
       * @see #initBeanDefinitionReader
       * @see #loadBeanDefinitions
       */ 
      // 通過XmlBeanDefinitionReader加載bean定義
      @Override
      protected void loadBeanDefinitions(DefaultListableBeanFactory beanFactory) throws BeansException, IOException {
          // Create a new XmlBeanDefinitionReader for the given BeanFactory.
          XmlBeanDefinitionReader beanDefinitionReader = new XmlBeanDefinitionReader(beanFactory); // 創建一個XmlBeanDefinitionReader
      
          // Configure the bean definition reader with this context's
          // resource loading environment.
          beanDefinitionReader.setEnvironment(this.getEnvironment()); // 設置當前的environment的對象
          beanDefinitionReader.setResourceLoader(this); // 設置對應的ResourceLoader.ApplicationContext是ResourceLoader的子類
          beanDefinitionReader.setEntityResolver(new ResourceEntityResolver(this));
      
          // Allow a subclass to provide custom initialization of the reader,
          // then proceed with actually loading the bean definitions.
            // 鉤子方法,子類不重載就不做任何操作
          initBeanDefinitionReader(beanDefinitionReader);    
          loadBeanDefinitions(beanDefinitionReader);   // 加載對應BeanDefinition對象
      }
      2.2.1 loadBeanDefinitions

      上面loadBeanDefinitions對應的實現

      // 在AbstractXmlApplicationContext中loadBeanDefinitions的實現
      protected void loadBeanDefinitions(XmlBeanDefinitionReader reader) throws BeansException, IOException {
      
          Resource[] configResources = getConfigResources();   // 爲空
          if (configResources != null) {
              reader.loadBeanDefinitions(configResources);
          }
          // 在AbstractRefreshableConfigApplicationContext中的getConfigLocations獲取配置路徑
          String[] configLocations = getConfigLocations(); // configLocations=/org/springframework/context/support/test/context*.xml
          if (configLocations != null) {
                  // 調用xml
              reader.loadBeanDefinitions(configLocations);
          }
      }
      
      // 在AbstractBeanDefinitionReader中loadBeanDefinitions()方法解析lications數組
      @Override
      public int loadBeanDefinitions(String... locations) throws BeanDefinitionStoreException {
          Assert.notNull(locations, "Location array must not be null");
          int counter = 0;
          for (String location : locations) {
              counter += loadBeanDefinitions(location);
          }
          return counter;
      }

      具體的加載beanDefinition的實現在AbstractBeanDefinitionReader中

      下面是它的時序圖

      這裏寫圖片描述

      // 上面for循環中loadBeanDefinitions(location)方法的在AbstractBeanDefinitionReader中的
       public int loadBeanDefinitions(String location, @Nullable Set<Resource> actualResources) throws BeanDefinitionStoreException {
              ResourceLoader resourceLoader = getResourceLoader();  // 獲取資源加載器
              if (resourceLoader == null) {
                  throw new BeanDefinitionStoreException(
                          "Cannot import bean definitions from location [" + location + "]: no ResourceLoader available");
              }
      
              if (resourceLoader instanceof ResourcePatternResolver) {
                  // Resource pattern matching available.
                  try {
                      Resource[] resources = ((ResourcePatternResolver) resourceLoader).getResources(location);   // 將給定的位置模式解析爲資源對象
                      int loadCount = loadBeanDefinitions(resources);
                      if (actualResources != null) {
                          for (Resource resource : resources) {
                              actualResources.add(resource);
                          }
                      }
                      if (logger.isDebugEnabled()) {
                          logger.debug("Loaded " + loadCount + " bean definitions from location pattern [" + location + "]");
                      }
                      return loadCount;
                  }
                  catch (IOException ex) {
                      throw new BeanDefinitionStoreException(
                              "Could not resolve bean definition resource pattern [" + location + "]", ex);
                  }
              }
              else {
                  // Can only load single resources by absolute URL.
                  Resource resource = resourceLoader.getResource(location);
                  int loadCount = loadBeanDefinitions(resource);
                  if (actualResources != null) {
                      actualResources.add(resource);
                  }
                  if (logger.isDebugEnabled()) {
                      logger.debug("Loaded " + loadCount + " bean definitions from location [" + location + "]");
                  }
                  return loadCount;
              }
          }

      在上面的getResources()方法之後又調用了一下這些方法:

      這裏寫圖片描述
      由上圖可知從refresh—>getResourses—>doRetrievenMatchingFiles.其中從getResourses到doRetrievenMatchingFiles主要做了以下這些事:

      ​ 1) 看location裏面是否以”classpath*:“,”war:“,”*/“開頭,會做一系列事(這裏流程沒有進去)。這裏主要在PathMatchingResourcePatternResolver#getResources(String locationPattern)

      ​ 2) 找到location的上層路徑rootDirResource,同時分離出外層子路徑subPattern

      ​ 3)轉而根據rootDirResource獲取完整文件路徑rootDir

      ​ 4)再將完整文件路徑rootDir和外層自路徑subPattern拼接得到fullPattern

      ​ 5)最後找出rootDir下所有文件的全路徑進行遍歷,與fullPattern進行匹配.

      protected void doRetrieveMatchingFiles(String fullPattern, File dir, Set<File> result) throws IOException {
          if (logger.isDebugEnabled()) {
              logger.debug("Searching directory [" + dir.getAbsolutePath() +
                      "] for files matching pattern [" + fullPattern + "]");
          }
          File[] dirContents = dir.listFiles();
          if (dirContents == null) {
              if (logger.isWarnEnabled()) {
                  logger.warn("Could not retrieve contents of directory [" + dir.getAbsolutePath() + "]");
              }
              return;
          }
          Arrays.sort(dirContents);
          for (File content : dirContents) {
              String currPath = StringUtils.replace(content.getAbsolutePath(), File.separator, "/");
              if (content.isDirectory() && getPathMatcher().matchStart(fullPattern, currPath + "/")) {
                  if (!content.canRead()) {
                      if (logger.isDebugEnabled()) {
                          logger.debug("Skipping subdirectory [" + dir.getAbsolutePath() +
                                  "] because the application is not allowed to read the directory");
                      }
                  }
                  else {
                      doRetrieveMatchingFiles(fullPattern, content, result);
                  }
              }
              if (getPathMatcher().match(fullPattern, currPath)) {
                  result.add(content);
              }
          }
      }

      上述方法中匹配方法調用 getPathMatcher().match(fullPattern, currPath)

      最終匹配算法:

        AntPathMatcher#doMatch(
                String pattern, 
                String path,boolean fullMatch,
                @Nullable Map<String, String> uriTemplateVariables) 

      匹配算法的大致步驟(中間省略了一些):

      ​ 1)將需要匹配的兩個路徑按照路徑分割符分割,得到兩個有序數組pathDirs(路徑下的子文件全路徑分割後的字符數組),pattDirs(要匹配的模式分割後的字符串數組)

      ​ 2)在得到pttDirs後會去看這裏面是否存在潛在的匹配,主要是爲了去匹配正則表達式中的{ ‘*’, ‘?’, ‘{’ },若不存在潛在的匹配則返回false

      ​ 3)遍歷pattDirs,如果包含”**“,直接跳出遍歷;記錄當前位置,與pathDirs對應位置的字符串進行比較,不同則返回false

      ​ 4)第3步全部匹配結束後,

      ​ 在我們的路徑中

      pattern = /Users/chonglou/IdeaProject/spring-framework/spring-context/out/test/resources/org/springframework/context/support/test/context*.xml
      path = /Users/chonglou/IdeaProject/spring-framework/spring-context/out/test/resources/org/springframework/context/support/test/contextC.xml

      ​ 最後只是去看看我們的模式匹配路徑和全路徑是否都是以”/“結束,顯然上述兩個均沒有以”/“結束,返回false

      這裏我們只是粗略介紹,之後,會詳細介紹。

      注:
      在AntPathMatcherTests測試用例中,還暫時未發現通過
      
        - {spring:[a-z]+} matches the regexp [a-z]+ as a path variable named "spring"
      
      也就是通過花括弧,這種形式去匹配xml路徑的。
      
      不過卻發現通過
      
        result = pathMatcher.extractUriTemplateVariables(
        "{symbolicName:[\\w\\.]+}-sources-{version:[\\d\\.]+}-{year:\\d{4}}{month:\\d{2}}{day:\\d{2}}.jar","com.example-sources-1.0.0-20100220.jar");
      
      這樣去解析jar包或則url路徑的。之後我們會有單獨的博客進行講解。
      

總結

  • refresh 的一些方法但看確實能懂一些,但是要串起來,感覺有點難啊。加油吧。。。
  • prepareBeanFactory()看了一部分了,後面其他方法也會陸續跟上。
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