最近做一個項目用到了SSM框架,在此記錄一下。本人萌新,錯誤之處,歡迎大家交流指正。
這裏將實現一個簡單的登錄功能。
一、代碼結構
爲了方便管理,這裏使用Maven來管理整個項目。代碼結構如下圖所示:
entity定義各種實體類。
dao數據接入,定義各種操作數據庫的接口。
mapper存放mybatis數據庫映射配置。
service業務層,定義各種業務接口。
serviceImpl對業務層接口的實現。
controller控制層,用於對業務模塊的流程控制。
二、Mybatis與Spring的整合
1、pom.xml配置
<project xmlns="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
xsi:schemaLocation="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0 http://maven.apache.org/maven-v4_0_0.xsd">
<modelVersion>4.0.0</modelVersion>
<groupId>cn.ipoc</groupId>
<artifactId>ssmtest</artifactId>
<packaging>war</packaging>
<version>0.0.1-SNAPSHOT</version>
<name>Maven Webapp Archetype</name>
<url>http://maven.apache.org</url>
<properties>
<project.build.sourceEncoding>UTF-8</project.build.sourceEncoding>
<spring.version>4.1.4.RELEASE</spring.version>
<jackson.version>2.5.0</jackson.version>
</properties>
<dependencies>
<dependency>
<groupId>junit</groupId>
<artifactId>junit</artifactId>
<version>3.8.1</version>
<scope>test</scope>
</dependency>
<!-- spring配置 -->
<dependency>
<groupId>org.springframework</groupId>
<artifactId>spring-core</artifactId>
<version>${spring.version}</version>
</dependency>
<dependency>
<groupId>org.springframework</groupId>
<artifactId>spring-beans</artifactId>
<version>${spring.version}</version>
</dependency>
<dependency>
<groupId>org.springframework</groupId>
<artifactId>spring-context</artifactId>
<version>${spring.version}</version>
</dependency>
<dependency>
<groupId>org.springframework</groupId>
<artifactId>spring-tx</artifactId>
<version>${spring.version}</version>
</dependency>
<dependency>
<groupId>org.springframework</groupId>
<artifactId>spring-web</artifactId>
<version>${spring.version}</version>
</dependency>
<dependency>
<groupId>org.springframework</groupId>
<artifactId>spring-webmvc</artifactId>
<version>${spring.version}</version>
</dependency>
<dependency>
<groupId>org.springframework</groupId>
<artifactId>spring-jdbc</artifactId>
<version>${spring.version}</version>
</dependency>
<dependency>
<groupId>org.springframework</groupId>
<artifactId>spring-test</artifactId>
<version>${spring.version}</version>
<scope>test</scope>
</dependency>
<!-- mybatis 包 -->
<dependency>
<groupId>org.mybatis</groupId>
<artifactId>mybatis</artifactId>
<version>3.2.8</version>
</dependency>
<!--mybatis spring 插件 -->
<dependency>
<groupId>org.mybatis</groupId>
<artifactId>mybatis-spring</artifactId>
<version>1.2.2</version>
</dependency>
<!-- mysql連接 -->
<dependency>
<groupId>mysql</groupId>
<artifactId>mysql-connector-java</artifactId>
<version>5.1.44</version>
</dependency>
<!-- 數據源 -->
<dependency>
<groupId>com.mchange</groupId>
<artifactId>c3p0</artifactId>
<version>0.9.5-pre8</version>
</dependency>
<dependency>
<groupId>org.aspectj</groupId>
<artifactId>aspectjweaver</artifactId>
<version>1.8.4</version>
</dependency>
<!-- servlet -->
<dependency>
<groupId>javax.servlet</groupId>
<artifactId>servlet-api</artifactId>
<version>3.0-alpha-1</version>
</dependency>
<dependency>
<groupId>javax.servlet</groupId>
<artifactId>jstl</artifactId>
<version>1.2</version>
</dependency>
</dependencies>
<build>
<finalName>ssmtest</finalName>
<plugins>
<!-- define the project compile level -->
<plugin>
<groupId>org.apache.maven.plugins</groupId>
<artifactId>maven-compiler-plugin</artifactId>
<version>2.3.2</version>
<configuration>
<source>1.8</source>
<target>1.8</target>
</configuration>
</plugin>
</plugins>
</build>
</project>
2、web.xml配置
<web-app xmlns="http://java.sun.com/xml/ns/javaee"
xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
xsi:schemaLocation="http://java.sun.com/xml/ns/javaee
http://java.sun.com/xml/ns/javaee/web-app_3_0.xsd"
version="3.0">
<!-- <display-name>Archetype Created Web Application</display-name> -->
<!-- Spring配置 -->
<!-- 配置Spring配置文件路徑,讓ContextLoaderListener進行解析 -->
<context-param>
<param-name>contextConfigLocation</param-name>
<param-value>classpath:applicationContext.xml</param-value>
</context-param>
<!-- 配置Spring上下文監聽器,再啓動WEB容器時,
自動裝載applicationContext.xml配置 -->
<listener>
<listener-class>org.springframework.web.context.ContextLoaderListener</listener-class>
</listener>
<!-- 配置Spring字符編碼過濾器 -->
<filter>
<filter-name>encodingFilter</filter-name>
<filter-class>org.springframework.web.filter.CharacterEncodingFilter</filter-class>
<init-param>
<param-name>encoding</param-name>
<param-value>UTF-8</param-value>
</init-param>
<init-param>
<param-name>forceEncoding</param-name>
<param-value>true</param-value>
</init-param>
</filter>
<filter-mapping>
<filter-name>encodingFilter</filter-name>
<url-pattern>/*</url-pattern>
</filter-mapping>
</web-app>
3、applicationContext配置
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<beans xmlns="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans"
xmlns:context="http://www.springframework.org/schema/context"
xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
xsi:schemaLocation="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans
http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans/spring-beans-4.1.xsd
http://www.springframework.org/schema/context
http://www.springframework.org/schema/context/spring-context.xsd">
<!-- 引入jdbc配置 -->
<context:property-placeholder location="classpath:jdbc.properties"/>
<!-- 掃描文件-->
<context:component-scan base-package="cn.ipoc"/>
<!--配置數據源-->
<bean id="dataSource" class="com.mchange.v2.c3p0.ComboPooledDataSource">
<property name="driverClass" value="${jdbc_driverClassName}"/>
<property name="jdbcUrl" value="${jdbc_url}"/>
<property name="user" value="${jdbc_username}"/>
<property name="password" value="${jdbc_password}"/>
<!--連接池中保存的最大連接數目-->
<property name="maxPoolSize" value="${maxPoolSize}"/>
<!--連接池中保存的最少連接數目-->
<property name="minPoolSize" value="${minPoolSize}"/>
<!-- 初始化連接大小 -->
<property name="initialPoolSize" value="${initialPoolSize}"/>
<!-- 獲取連接最大等待時間 -->
<property name="maxConnectionAge" value="${maxConnectionAge}"/>
<!-- 連接池最大空閒 -->
<property name="maxIdleTime" value="${maxIdleTime}"/>
</bean>
<!--配置sqlSessionFactory 並將數據源注入-->
<bean id="sqlSessionFactory" class="org.mybatis.spring.SqlSessionFactoryBean">
<!--注入數據源-->
<property name="dataSource" ref="dataSource"/>
<!--指定要使用到的mybatis配置文件-->
<property name="configLocation" value="classpath:mybatis-config.xml"/>
<!--用於配置mapper映射xml-->
<property name="mapperLocations" value="classpath*:cn/ipoc/mapper/*.xml"/>
</bean>
<!-- 創建數據映射器-->
<bean class="org.mybatis.spring.mapper.MapperScannerConfigurer">
<property name="basePackage" value="cn.ipoc.dao"/>
<property name="sqlSessionFactoryBeanName" value="sqlSessionFactory"></property>
</bean>
<!-- 對數據源進行事務管理 -->
<bean id="transactionManager" class="org.springframework.jdbc.datasource.DataSourceTransactionManager">
<property name="dataSource" ref="dataSource"/>
</bean>
</beans>
4、jdbc.properties配置
jdbc.properties保存數據庫相關信息,需要根據數據庫配置進行修改。
jdbc_driverClassName=com.mysql.jdbc.Driver
jdbc_url=jdbc:mysql://localhost:3306/test_my?characterEncoding=utf8
jdbc_username=root
jdbc_password=123456
maxPoolSize=20
minPoolSize=2
initialPoolSize=2
maxConnectionAge=6000
maxIdleTime=60
5、mybatis-config配置
爲了方便後續編程,在mybatis的配置文件中爲實體類設置簡短別名。<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<!DOCTYPE configuration PUBLIC "-//mybatis.org//DTD Config 3.0//EN"
"http://mybatis.org/dtd/mybatis-3-config.dtd">
<configuration>
<!--爲cn.ipoc.entity.User 設置別名 User 方便調用-->
<typeAliases>
<typeAlias alias="User" type="cn.ipoc.entity.User"/>
</typeAliases>
</configuration>
配置完成後,可以開始設計相關數據庫表結構。
6、User類
現在開始實現entity下的User類。
package cn.ipoc.entity;
public class User {
private String uid;
private String password;
public User() {
super();
}
//初始化構造函數
public User(String uid,String password) {
this.uid=uid;
this.password=password;
}
public String getUid() {
return uid;
}
public void setUid(String uid) {
this.uid=uid;
}
public String getPassword() {
return password;
}
public void setPassword(String password) {
this.password=password;
}
}
7、dao接口
在"cn.ipoc.dao"中定義UserDao接口。
package cn.ipoc.dao;
import cn.ipoc.entity.User;
public interface UserDao {
public User selectById(String uid);
}
8、映射文件
在"cn.ipoc.mapper"中配置mybatis映射文件。
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<!DOCTYPE mapper PUBLIC "-//mybatis.org//DTD Mapper 3.0//EN"
"http://mybatis.org/dtd/mybatis-3-mapper.dtd">
<!--namespace用於與DAO層的接口類進行綁定,這樣我們無需實現DAO層的接口
類,其接口類就能夠自動的找到相關的SQL語句進行綁定實現-->
<mapper namespace="cn.ipoc.dao.UserDao">
<!--select表示查詢,它的id名稱必須與DAO層接口的方法名相同,否則無法綁定-->
<select id="selectById" parameterType="String" resultType="User">
select * from user where uid = #{id}
</select>
</mapper>
9、測試
至此,Mybatis與Spring整合的相關配置已基本完成。下面在"cn.ipoc.test"下定義一個test類來測試整合是否成功。
package cn.ipoc.test;
import org.springframework.context.ApplicationContext;
import org.springframework.context.support.ClassPathXmlApplicationContext;
import cn.ipoc.dao.UserDao;
import cn.ipoc.entity.User;
public class test {
private static ApplicationContext ac;
static {
ac = new ClassPathXmlApplicationContext("applicationContext.xml");
}
public static void main(String[] args) {
UserDao mapper = (UserDao) ac.getBean("userDao");
User user = mapper.selectById("user001");
System.out.println("user="+user.getUid()+"\n"+"password="+user.getPassword());
}
}
如果整合成功,控制檯會輸出如下信息:
三、Mybatis與Spring MVC整合
在完成Mybatis和Spring的整合後,接下來開始Mybatis與Spring MVC的整合。
首先在web.xml中配置Spring MVC的前端控制器DispatcherServlet。
1、web.xml
<!-- springMVC 核心控制器 DispatcherServlet 配置 -->
<servlet>
<servlet-name>dispatcher</servlet-name>
<servlet-class>org.springframework.web.servlet.DispatcherServlet</servlet-class>
<init-param>
<!-- 標明springmvc配置位置 -->
<param-name>contextConfigLocation</param-name>
<param-value>classpath:spring-mvc.xml</param-value>
</init-param>
<load-on-startup>1</load-on-startup>
</servlet>
<servlet-mapping>
<servlet-name>dispatcher</servlet-name>
<!-- 攔截所有*.do 的請求,交給DispatcherServlet處理,性能最好 -->
<url-pattern>*.do</url-pattern>
</servlet-mapping>
<!-- 設定默認的首頁 -->
<welcome-file-list>
<welcome-file>login.jsp</welcome-file>
</welcome-file-list>
2、spring-mvc.xml
接下來在spring-mvc.xml中配置Spring MVC的框架,存放在"src/main/resources"下。
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<beans xmlns="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans"
xmlns:context="http://www.springframework.org/schema/context"
xmlns:mvc="http://www.springframework.org/schema/mvc"
xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
xsi:schemaLocation="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans
http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans/spring-beans-4.1.xsd
http://www.springframework.org/schema/context
http://www.springframework.org/schema/context/spring-context.xsd
http://www.springframework.org/schema/mvc
http://www.springframework.org/schema/mvc/spring-mvc-4.1.xsd">
<!-- 配置掃描控制器, Spring自動到 cn.ipoc.controller下
掃描帶有@controller @service @component等註解等類,將他們自動實例化-->
<context:component-scan base-package="cn.ipoc" />
<!--<mvc:annotation-driven /> 會自動註冊DefaultAnnotationHandlerMapping與
AnnotationMethodHandlerAdapter 兩個bean,它解決了一些 @controller 註解使用時的提前配置-->
<mvc:annotation-driven />
<!-- 配置頁面控制器 -->
<bean class="org.springframework.web.servlet.view.InternalResourceViewResolver">
<property name="prefix" value="/"/>
<property name="suffix" value=".jsp" />
</bean>
</beans>
3、業務實現
在"cn.ipoc.service"中編寫接口類UserService。
package cn.ipoc.service;
public interface UserService {
public int login(String username,String password);
}
接下來,在"cn.ipoc.serviceImpl"中編寫UserServiceImpl類實現UserService中的login方法。
package cn.ipoc.serviceIpml;
import org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.Autowired;
import org.springframework.stereotype.Service;
import cn.ipoc.dao.UserDao;
import cn.ipoc.entity.User;
import cn.ipoc.service.UserService;
@Service("UserService")
public class UserServiceImpl implements UserService{
//自動注入userdao 用於訪問數據庫
@Autowired
UserDao userDao;
public int login(String username, String password) {
// TODO Auto-generated method stub
User user=userDao.selectById(username);
if(null!=user) {
if(user.getUid().equals(username)&&user.getPassword().equals(password)) {
return 0; //登錄成功
}else {
return 1; //用戶名或密碼錯誤
}
}else {
return 2; //用戶不存在
}
}
}
4、控制層實現
在"cn.ipoc.controller"中實現LoginCtrl類,用於處理前端提交的業務。
package cn.ipoc.controller;
import java.io.IOException;
import javax.servlet.ServletException;
import javax.servlet.http.HttpServletRequest;
import org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.Autowired;
import org.springframework.context.annotation.Scope;
import org.springframework.stereotype.Controller;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.RequestMapping;
import cn.ipoc.service.UserService;
//@Controller 註解表示本類爲web層控制組件
@Controller
//@RequestMapping("/user") 用於標定訪問時對url位置
@RequestMapping("/user")
@Scope("prototype")
public class LoginCtrl {
//自動注入業務層的UserService類
@Autowired
UserService userService;
//login業務的訪問位置爲 /user/login
@RequestMapping("/login")
public String login(HttpServletRequest request)
throws ServletException, IOException{
String username = request.getParameter("username");
String password = request.getParameter("password");
int loginStatus = userService.login(username, password);
if(loginStatus==0) {
request.setAttribute("msg", "登錄成功");
}else if(loginStatus==1) {
request.setAttribute("msg", "用戶名或密碼錯誤");
}else {
request.setAttribute("msg", "用戶不存在");
}
return "status";
}
}
5、jsp實現
login.jsp
<%@ page contentType="text/html;charset=UTF-8" language="java" %>
<%
String path = request.getContextPath();
String basePath = request.getScheme()+"://"+request.getServerName()+":"+request.getServerPort()+path+"/";
%>
<html>
<head>
<title></title>
</head>
<body>
<form name="form" action="<%=basePath %>user/login.do" method="post" >
<table width="300" border="1" align="center">
<tr>
<td colspan="2">登入窗口</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>用戶名:</td>
<td><input type="text" name="username">
</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>密碼:</td>
<td><input type="password" name="password"/>
</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td colspan="2">
<input type="submit" name="submit" value="登錄"/>
</td>
</tr>
</table>
</form>
</body>
</html>
status.jsp
<%@ page contentType="text/html;charset=UTF-8" language="java" %>
<%
String path = request.getContextPath();
String basePath = request.getScheme()+"://"+request.getServerName()+":"+request.getServerPort()+path+"/";
%>
<html>
<head>
<title></title>
</head>
<body>
<br>
${msg}
<br>
</body>
</html>
至此,所有的整合工作已完成。看一下整合結果吧。
登錄界面
登錄成功
登錄失敗