Mac Pillow
Environment:macOS Mojave
Version:10.14.2
Time:2019.03.01
PIL是python的一個圖形庫，而最新的一個版本是2009年爲1.1.7更新的，雖然這麼久遠了，但是官方還未說明PIL項目被拋棄。而Pillow是fork PIL項目的，Pillow的作者的原意也是爲了促進以及支持PIL的積極開發。
macOS 默認自帶python2.7的版本，而我的項目是基於python3進行的，所以我裝了一個python3，版本是3.7.2的，這裏要做的是導下Pillow項目，然後修改了一些代碼，然後替換掉系統的PIL。
Note
Pillow支持的python版本
| Python | 2.4 | 2.5 | 2.6 | 2.7 | 3.2 | 3.3 | 3.4 | 3.5 | 3.6 | 3.7 |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Pillow < 2.0.0 | Yes | Yes | Yes | Yes | ||||||
| Pillow 2.x - 3.x | Yes | Yes | Yes | Yes | Yes | Yes | ||||
| Pillow 4.x | Yes | Yes | Yes | Yes | Yes | |||||
| Pillow 5.0.x - 5.1.x | Yes | Yes | Yes | Yes | ||||||
| Pillow >= 5.2.0 | Yes | Yes | Yes | Yes | Yes |
注：PIL和Pillow在相同的環境下會衝突，所以在安裝Pillow之前，請先卸載PIL。
預備工作
首先安裝python3
其次在GitHub上面導下Pillow項目，在本地進行修改。
git clone https://github.com/python-pillow/Pillow.git MyPillow
然後卸載掉自己電腦上面的PIL(python3使用pip3)
pip3 uninstall PIL
安裝Pillow需要用到Xcode的命令行工具，所以需要先執行
xcode-select --install
執行命令行工具之前可能還要接受許可：
sudo xcodebuild -license
你還需要通過Homebrew安裝一些Pillow需要用到的依賴庫：
brew install libtiff libjpeg webp little-cms2
正式工作
安裝本地Pillow項目。進入MyPillow目錄，並執行安裝命令，
pip3 install .
或者通過在未壓縮的項目目錄下執行安裝：
python3 setup.py install
好了，現在你的電腦就已經成功裝上Pillow了
問題
我這裏會出現一個問題，就是執行安裝的時候會出現zlib模塊缺少，報錯如下：
The headers or library files could not be found for zlib,
a required dependency when compiling Pillow from source.
Please see the install instructions at:
https://pillow.readthedocs.io/en/latest/installation.html
Traceback (most recent call last):
File "setup.py", line 803, in <module>
zip_safe=not (debug_build() or PLATFORM_MINGW), )
File "/usr/local/lib/python3.7/site-packages/setuptools/__init__.py", line 143, in setup
return distutils.core.setup(**attrs)
File "/usr/local/Cellar/python/3.7.2/Frameworks/Python.framework/Versions/3.7/lib/python3.7/distutils/core.py", line 148, in setup
dist.run_commands()
File "/usr/local/Cellar/python/3.7.2/Frameworks/Python.framework/Versions/3.7/lib/python3.7/distutils/dist.py", line 966, in run_commands
self.run_command(cmd)
File "/usr/local/Cellar/python/3.7.2/Frameworks/Python.framework/Versions/3.7/lib/python3.7/distutils/dist.py", line 985, in run_command
cmd_obj.run()
File "/usr/local/lib/python3.7/site-packages/setuptools/command/install.py", line 67, in run
self.do_egg_install()
File "/usr/local/lib/python3.7/site-packages/setuptools/command/install.py", line 109, in do_egg_install
self.run_command('bdist_egg')
File "/usr/local/Cellar/python/3.7.2/Frameworks/Python.framework/Versions/3.7/lib/python3.7/distutils/cmd.py", line 313, in run_command
self.distribution.run_command(command)
File "/usr/local/Cellar/python/3.7.2/Frameworks/Python.framework/Versions/3.7/lib/python3.7/distutils/dist.py", line 985, in run_command
cmd_obj.run()
File "/usr/local/lib/python3.7/site-packages/setuptools/command/bdist_egg.py", line 172, in run
cmd = self.call_command('install_lib', warn_dir=0)
File "/usr/local/lib/python3.7/site-packages/setuptools/command/bdist_egg.py", line 158, in call_command
self.run_command(cmdname)
File "/usr/local/Cellar/python/3.7.2/Frameworks/Python.framework/Versions/3.7/lib/python3.7/distutils/cmd.py", line 313, in run_command
self.distribution.run_command(command)
File "/usr/local/Cellar/python/3.7.2/Frameworks/Python.framework/Versions/3.7/lib/python3.7/distutils/dist.py", line 985, in run_command
cmd_obj.run()
File "/usr/local/lib/python3.7/site-packages/setuptools/command/install_lib.py", line 11, in run
self.build()
File "/usr/local/Cellar/python/3.7.2/Frameworks/Python.framework/Versions/3.7/lib/python3.7/distutils/command/install_lib.py", line 107, in build
self.run_command('build_ext')
File "/usr/local/Cellar/python/3.7.2/Frameworks/Python.framework/Versions/3.7/lib/python3.7/distutils/cmd.py", line 313, in run_command
self.distribution.run_command(command)
File "/usr/local/Cellar/python/3.7.2/Frameworks/Python.framework/Versions/3.7/lib/python3.7/distutils/dist.py", line 985, in run_command
cmd_obj.run()
File "/usr/local/Cellar/python/3.7.2/Frameworks/Python.framework/Versions/3.7/lib/python3.7/distutils/command/build_ext.py", line 339, in run
self.build_extensions()
File "setup.py", line 590, in build_extensions
raise RequiredDependencyException(f)
__main__.RequiredDependencyException: zlib
During handling of the above exception, another exception occurred:
Traceback (most recent call last):
File "setup.py", line 815, in <module>
raise RequiredDependencyException(msg)
__main__.RequiredDependencyException:
The headers or library files could not be found for zlib,
a required dependency when compiling Pillow from source.
Please see the install instructions at:
https://pillow.readthedocs.io/en/latest/installation.html
在全世界Google搜索了幾遍之後，嘗試了N多次方法之後，還是雲裏霧裏的。在不懈的搜索中，嘗試了一下某個帖子的方法，結果還真解決了，想哭。帖子地址：https://github.com/pyenv/pyenv/issues/1219
只要執行以下命令，然後重新安裝就成功了。
sudo installer -pkg /Library/Developer/CommandLineTools/Packages/macOS_SDK_headers_for_macOS_10.14.pkg -target /
筆記，終。