zabbix4.2 安裝配置過程所遇問題解決

寫在前面：不建議使用官網教程在Centos6 安裝Zabbix4.2

背景：

在以下環境安裝 zabbix 4.2（參考官網教程）

OS：CentOS release 6.10 (Final) ；

httpd ：Server version: Apache/2.2.15 (Unix)

PHP：5.3 （由於不支持zabbix4.2 ，將PHP5.4以上版本）

啓動 zabbix-server zabbix-agent httpd 三個服務後訪問 http://ip:port/zabbix/

問題1描述：

頁面提示如下錯誤（500）

Internal Server Error

The server encountered an internal error or misconfiguration and was unable to complete your request.

Please contact the server administrator, root@localhost and inform them of the time the error occurred, and anything you might have done that may have caused the error.

More information about this error may be available in the server error log.

Apache/2.2.15 (CentOS) Server at 172.16.18.36 Port 8080

error_log日誌顯示：

[crit] [client 172.16.10.193] configuration error: couldn't perform authentication. AuthType not set!: /zabbix/

原因：

Apache httpd 服務器不同版本的權限設置問題

解決：

打開配置文件，

# vim /etc/zabbix/zabbix_server.conf

註釋掉第三行（以標紅）

7 <Directory "/usr/share/zabbix">
8 Options FollowSymLinks
9 AllowOverride None
10 #Require all granted

因爲該環境的httpd版本是 2.2 小於2.4 ，大於等於2.4的版本使用上述語句。

重啓服務器：

#service httpd restart

問題2描述：

頁面顯示：（403 Forbidden）

Forbidden

You don't have permission to access /zabbix/ on this server.

Apache/2.2.15 (CentOS) Server at 172.16.18.36 Port 8080

error_log日誌顯示：

[error] [client 172.16.10.193] Directory index forbidden by Options directive: /usr/share/zabbix/

原因：

/etc/httpd/conf.d 目錄下缺少 php.conf 文件

解決：

在/etc/httpd/conf.d 目錄下添加

php.conf 文件，內容爲

#
# Cause the PHP interpreter to handle files with a .php extension.
#
<FilesMatch \.php$>
    SetHandler application/x-httpd-php
</FilesMatch>

#
# Allow php to handle Multiviews
#
AddType text/html .php

#
# Add index.php to the list of files that will be served as directory
# indexes.
#
DirectoryIndex index.php

#
# Uncomment the following lines to allow PHP to pretty-print .phps
# files as PHP source code:
#
#<FilesMatch \.phps$>
#    SetHandler application/x-httpd-php-source
#</FilesMatch>

#
# Apache specific PHP configuration options
# those can be override in each configured vhost
#
php_value session.save_handler "files"
php_value session.save_path    "/var/lib/php/session"

問題3描述：

打開網頁無法正常顯示

httpd日誌顯示：Parse error: syntax error, unexpected '[' **** in /usr/share/zabbix/index.php on line 29

原因：

php版不支持，Zabbix 3.0 以上的版本需要 PHP 5.4.0以上版本支持

PHP

5.4.0 or later

解決：

卸載原裝php安裝新的php，具體安裝方法參考下面的問題3參考。

問題4描述：

運行#service httpd restart

出現：

Starting httpd: Syntax error on line 31 of /etc/httpd/conf.d/php.conf:
Invalid command 'php_value', perhaps misspelled or defined by a module not included in the server configuration
[FAILED]

原因：

php 版本不匹配

解決：

修改 /etc/httpd/conf/httpd.conf 文件；

添加 LoadModule php5_module modules/libphp5.so

問題5描述：

運行網頁無法打開,

打開httpd日誌 (# tail /var/log/httpd/error_log) 顯示如下錯誤

PHP Fatal error: Call to undefined function bccomp() in /usr/share/zabbix/include/classes/setup/CFrontendSetup.php on line 122

原因：

php 不支持，需安裝更新包

解決：

安裝 php-bcmath 、 php-mbstring, 重啓 httpd 服務

# yum -y install php-bcmath

# yum -y install php-mbstring

# service httpd restart

問題6描述：

打開網頁顯示：404

Not Found

The requested URL /zabbix/ was not found on this server.

Apache/2.2.15 (CentOS) Server at 172.16.18.36 Port 80

httpd日誌顯示：

[error] [client 172.16.10.193] File does not exist: /var/www/html/zabbix

原因：

/etc/httpd/conf.d 目錄下缺少 zabbix.conf (zabbix的配置)文件

解決：

從/usr/share/doc/zabbix-web-4.2.1/ 目標下複製 httpd22-example.conf (因爲環境的httpd的版本是2.2 ，如果是2.4 複製httpd24-example.conf)文件到 /etc/httpd/conf.d ;

修改時區：php_value date.timezone Asia/ShangHai

重啓httpd服務;

#cp /usr/share/doc/zabbix-web-4.2.1/httpd22-example.conf /etc/httpd/conf.d/

#vim /etc/httpd/conf.d/httpd22-example.conf

#service httpd restart

如果沒有找到httpd22-example.conf文件，在/etc/httpd/conf.d/ 目錄建立 zabbix.conf （適用於httpd2.2版本）文件內容如下：

#
# Zabbix monitoring system php web frontend
#

Alias /zabbix /usr/share/zabbix

<Directory "/usr/share/zabbix">
    Options FollowSymLinks
    AllowOverride None
    Order allow,deny
    Allow from all

    <IfModule mod_php5.c>
        php_value max_execution_time 300
        php_value memory_limit 128M
        php_value post_max_size 16M
        php_value upload_max_filesize 2M
        php_value max_input_time 300
        php_value max_input_vars 10000
        php_value always_populate_raw_post_data -1
        # php_value date.timezone Europe/Riga
        php_value date.timezone Asia/ShangHai
    </IfModule>
</Directory>

<Directory "/usr/share/zabbix/conf">
    Order deny,allow
    Deny from all
    <files *.php>
        Order deny,allow
        Deny from all
    </files>
</Directory>

<Directory "/usr/share/zabbix/app">
    Order deny,allow
    Deny from all
    <files *.php>
        Order deny,allow
        Deny from all
    </files>
</Directory>

<Directory "/usr/share/zabbix/include">
    Order deny,allow
    Deny from all
    <files *.php>
        Order deny,allow
        Deny from all
    </files>
</Directory>

<Directory "/usr/share/zabbix/local">
    Order deny,allow
    Deny from all
    <files *.php>
        Order deny,allow
        Deny from all
    </files>
</Directory>

這裏附錄httpd 2.4需要的zabbix.conf 文件內容。

#
# Zabbix monitoring system php web frontend
#

Alias /zabbix /usr/share/zabbix

<Directory "/usr/share/zabbix">
    Options FollowSymLinks
    AllowOverride None
    Require all granted

    <IfModule mod_php5.c>
        php_value max_execution_time 300
        php_value memory_limit 128M
        php_value post_max_size 16M
        php_value upload_max_filesize 2M
        php_value max_input_time 300
        php_value max_input_vars 10000
        php_value always_populate_raw_post_data -1
        # php_value date.timezone Europe/Riga
        php_value date.timezone Asia/ShangHai
    </IfModule>
</Directory>

<Directory "/usr/share/zabbix/conf">
    Require all denied
</Directory>

<Directory "/usr/share/zabbix/app">
    Require all denied
</Directory>

<Directory "/usr/share/zabbix/include">
    Require all denied
</Directory>

<Directory "/usr/share/zabbix/local">
    Require all denied
</Directory>

問題7描述：

打開網頁無法正常顯示，亂碼如下：

[T_ZBX_STR, O_NO, null, null, 'isset({enter}) && {enter} != "'.ZBX_GUEST_USER.'"', _('Username')], 'password' => [T_ZBX_STR, O_OPT, null, null, 'isset({enter}) && {enter} != "'.ZBX_GUEST_USER.'"'], 'sessionid' => [T_ZBX_STR, O_OPT, null, null, null], 'reconnect' => [T_ZBX_INT, O_OPT, P_SYS, null, null], 'enter' => [T_ZBX_STR, O_OPT, P_SYS, null, null], 'autologin' => [T_ZBX_INT, O_OPT, null, null, null], 'request' => [T_ZBX_STR, O_OPT, null, null, null], 'form' => [T_ZBX_STR, O_OPT, null, null, null] ]; check_fields($fields); if (hasRequest('reconnect') && CWebUser::isLoggedIn()) { CWebUser::logout(); } $config = select_config(); $autologin = hasRequest('enter') ? getRequest('autologin', 0) : getRequest('autologin', 1); $request = getRequest('request', ''); if ($request) { $test_request = []; preg_match('/^\/?(?[a-z0-9\_\.]+\.php)(?\?.*)?$/i', $request, $test_request); $request = (array_key_exists('filename', $test_request) && file_exists('./'.$test_request['filename'])) ? $test_request['filename'].(array_key_exists('request', $test_request) ? $test_request['request'] : '') : ''; } if (!hasRequest('form') && $config['http_auth_enabled'] == ZBX_AUTH_HTTP_ENABLED && $config['http_login_form'] == ZBX_AUTH_FORM_HTTP && !hasRequest('enter')) { redirect('index_http.php'); exit; } // login via form if (hasRequest('enter') && CWebUser::login(getRequest('name', ZBX_GUEST_USER), getRequest('password', ''))) { if (CWebUser::$data['autologin'] != $autologin) { API::User()->update([ 'userid' => CWebUser::$data['userid'], 'autologin' => $autologin ]); } $redirect = array_filter([CWebUser::isGuest() ? '' : $request, CWebUser::$data['url'], ZBX_DEFAULT_URL]); redirect(reset($redirect)); exit; } if (CWebUser::isLoggedIn() && !CWebUser::isGuest()) { redirect(CWebUser::$data['url'] ? CWebUser::$data['url'] : ZBX_DEFAULT_URL); } $messages = clear_messages(); (new CView('general.login', [ 'http_login_url' => $config['http_auth_enabled'] == ZBX_AUTH_HTTP_ENABLED ? (new CUrl('index_http.php'))->setArgument('request', getRequest('request')) : '', 'guest_login_url' => CWebUser::isGuestAllowed() ? (new CUrl())->setArgument('enter', ZBX_GUEST_USER) : '', 'autologin' => $autologin == 1, 'error' => hasRequest('enter') && $messages ? array_pop($messages) : null ])) ->disableJsLoader() ->render();

原因：

查看/etc/httpd/conf.d 目錄下的 php.conf 文件的如下兩項是否被註釋掉，如果沒有則添加

#php_value session.save_handler "files"
#php_value session.save_path "/var/lib/php/session"

解決：

將/etc/httpd/conf.d 目錄下的 php.conf 文件的最後兩行的註釋去掉，如果沒有則添加如下兩項。

php_value session.save_handler "files"
php_value session.save_path "/var/lib/php/session"

也可能是缺少php 組件，安裝 php-bcmath 、 php-mbstring

問題8描述：

打開網頁,設置過程顯示：

Check of pre-requisites

PHP xmlwriter extension missing.
PHP xmlreader extension missing.

原因：

php 組件不支持需安裝

解決：

安裝 php-xmlwriter

#yum install php-xmlwriter

問題9描述：

配置zabbix Web界面的Mysql端口和密碼，頁面出現如下錯誤提示：

Error connecting to database: Authentication plugin 'caching_sha2_password' cannot be loaded: /usr/lib64/mysql/plugin/caching_sha2_password.so: cannot open shared object file: No such file or directory

原因：

安裝的Mysql 是8.0以上版本，使用的新的鑑權插件‘caching_sha2_password’與zabbix的mysql客戶端程序的鑑權插件不一樣。

解決：

使用 mysql_native_password 鑑權插件，用root用戶登錄mysql，執行如下命令：

ALTER USER 'zabbix_username’@‘localhost’ IDENTIFIED WITH mysql_native_password BY ‘zabbix_password’;

參考：

問題1參考：

https://stackoverflow.com/questions/21265191/apache-authtype-not-set-500-error

https://boinc.berkeley.edu/dev/forum_thread.php?id=8603

問題3參考：

https://support.zabbix.com/browse/ZBX-11009

centos6升級php5.4以上版本：
卸載原版本： https://blog.csdn.net/dc_726/article/details/9519293

升級新版本：https://www.tecmint.com/install-php-5-4-php-5-5-or-php-5-6-on-centos-6/

問題4參考：

https://talk.plesk.com/threads/solved-latest-php-5-3-26-yum-update-from-art-breaks-apache.287767/

問題5參考：

https://bugs.launchpad.net/ubuntu/+source/zabbix/+bug/1673462

問題8參考：

https://stackoverflow.com/questions/6384979/how-to-enable-xmlwriter-after-php-having-been-compiled

問題9參考：

https://tableplus.io/blog/2018/07/failed-to-load-caching-sha2-password-authentication-plugin-solved.html