fedora 29 的那些技巧 tricks

1. fedora 解壓 rpm 包, 查看 rpm 包中的文件

平臺 fedora 29

rpm2cpio wps-office-11.1.0.8392-1.x86_64.rpm | cpio --extract --make-directories --preserve-modification-time --verbose

rpmls wps-office-11.1.0.8392-1.x86_64.rpm

[1]. https://blog.csdn.net/gdizcm/article/details/53080182
[2]. https://blog.csdn.net/get_set/article/details/53453320

2. fedora 更新字體緩存

sudo mkfontdir
sudo mkfontscale
sudo fc-cache

[1]. https://blog.csdn.net/wangyan_HBU/article/details/77944597

3. fedora 查看已安裝的中文字體

fc-list :lang=zh

[1]. https://jingyan.baidu.com/article/0eb457e5d4a48703f0a90565.html

4. fedora 火狐用戶配置文件說明

直接給出官方鏈接
[1]. https://support.mozilla.org/zh-CN/kb/%E7%94%A8%E6%88%B7%E9%85%8D%E7%BD%AE%E6%96%87%E4%BB%B6

5. fedora 火狐更改標籤同步服務器改到國內

版本: Mozilla Firefox 62.0.3
修改 pref.js 添加內容

user_pref("identity.fxaccounts.migrateToDevEdition", true);
user_pref("identity.fxaccounts.auth.uri", "https://api-accounts.firefox.com.cn/v1");
user_pref("identity.fxaccounts.remote.force_auth.uri", "https://accounts.firefox.com.cn/force_auth?service=sync&context=fx_desktop_v4");
user_pref("identity.fxaccounts.remote.oauth.uri", "https://oauth.firefox.com.cn/v1");
user_pref("identity.fxaccounts.remote.profile.uri", "https://profile.firefox.com.cn/v1");
user_pref("identity.fxaccounts.remote.signin.uri", "https://accounts.firefox.com.cn/signin?service=sync&context=fx_desktop_v3");
user_pref("identity.fxaccounts.remote.signup.uri", "https://accounts.firefox.com.cn/signup?service=sync&context=fx_desktop_v3");
user_pref("identity.fxaccounts.remote.webchannel.uri", "https://accounts.firefox.com.cn/");
user_pref("identity.fxaccounts.settings.uri", "https://accounts.firefox.com.cn/settings?service=sync&context=fx_desktop_v3");
user_pref("identity.sync.tokenserver.uri", "https://sync.firefox.com.cn/token/1.0/sync/1.5");
user_pref("services.sync.fxa.privacyURL", "https://accounts.firefox.com.cn/legal/privacy");
user_pref("services.sync.fxa.termsURL", "https://accounts.firefox.com.cn/legal/terms");
user_pref("services.sync.statusURL", "https://accounts.firefox.com.cn/status/"); 

在 about:config 中 webchannel.allowObject.urlWhitelist 中添加 https://accounts.firefox.com.cn 用空格分隔.
[1]. https://www.cnblogs.com/Sean-BI/p/7212236.html
[2]. https://www.firefox.net.cn/read-49572-4
[3]. https://gist.github.com/shane-tomlinson/1fa4d6e8f8f64ed7f5c4
[4]. https://bugzilla.mozilla.org/show_bug.cgi?id=1423414#c21

6. fedora 安裝 flash

下載 rpm 包 (本文推薦) 後使用
rpm -Uvh flash-player-npapi-32.0.0.171-release.x86_64.rpm 安裝.
成功後位置

$ ls -l /usr/lib64/mozilla/plugins/
lrwxrwxrwx. 1 root root    41 May 16 11:38 libflashplayer.so -> /usr/lib64/flash-plugin/libflashplayer.so

也可以下載 tar.gz 包, 將相應文件拷到相應位置, 可以參考包中的 readme.txt 文件.

Firefox (62.0.3) 用 about:plugins 或 about:addons 查看.
Chrome (73.0.3683.86) 用 chrome://components/ 查看.

另, yum / dnf 安裝方法, 需要下載 repo, rpm 安裝 adobe-release-x86_64-1.0-1.noarch.rpm
用 dnf 安裝相關包:

flash-plugin.x86_64 : Adobe Flash Player NPAPI
flash-player-ppapi.x86_64 : Adobe Flash Player PPAPI 26.0

有些網站沒有提示打開Flash插件, 需要主動手動設置權限, 點擊地址欄左邊進行設置, 如:
Chrome Version 80.0.3987.132 (Official Build) (64-bit)

Firefox 62.0.3 (64-bit)

[1]. https://get.adobe.com/flashplayer/
[2]. https://www.cnblogs.com/klchang/p/7071340.html

7. fedora chrome 內部頁, firefox 內部頁

Firefox (62.0.3)
about:support
about:profiles
https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Mozilla/Firefox/The_about_protocol
Chrome (73.0.3683.86)
chrome://chrome-urls/

8. fedora ssh 快捷方式, ssh 簡捷命令

~/.ssh/config 修改完文件後最終需要 400 只讀權限

Host target.server
    HostName target.server.domain.name
    PreferredAuthentications publickey
    IdentityFile ~/.ssh/the-specific-private-key-file_rsa
    User log-on-user
    Port log-on-port-number

~/.bashrc 或者 ~/.bash_profile 或者 ~/.bash_aliases 修改完後需要 source 該文件使其生效

alias target-server.shortcut='ssh target.server'

然後只需要輸入

target-server.shortcut

就可以訪問.
相當於輸入:

ssh [email protected] -i /path/to/the-specific-private-key-file_rsa -p log-on-port-number

而 scp 只需要類似

scp -r target.server:/the/folder/in/target/server ./local/folder

相當於輸入

scp -i /path/to/the-specific-private-key-file_rsa -P log-on-port-number -r [email protected]:/the/folder/in/target/server ./local/folder

[1]. https://scotch.io/tutorials/how-to-create-an-ssh-shortcut

9. fedora 下載 rpm source 包

將有 source 包 repo 的打開, 或者創建有 source 包的 repo 文件.
例如 fedora.repo, 將 [fedora-source] 的 enabled 置爲 1

[fedora-source]
name=Fedora $releasever - Source
failovermethod=priority
#baseurl=http://download.fedoraproject.org/pub/fedora/linux/releases/$releasever/Everything/source/tree/
metalink=https://mirrors.fedoraproject.org/metalink?repo=fedora-source-$releasever&arch=$basearch
enabled=1
metadata_expire=7d
repo_gpgcheck=0
type=rpm
gpgcheck=1
gpgkey=file:///etc/pki/rpm-gpg/RPM-GPG-KEY-fedora-$releasever-$basearch
skip_if_unavailable=False

然後使用命令下載 rpm source 包, 如:

sudo dnf download --source php-7.2.18-1.fc29.x86_6

即會下載 php-7.2.18-1.fc29.src.rpm
[1]. https://www.cyberciti.biz/faq/yum-download-source-packages-from-rhn/

10. fedora 尋找 rpm 包

除了 rpmfusion, remi repo 外, 還有幾個網站可以用.
[1]. http://rpm.pbone.net/
[2]. https://rpmfind.net/
[3]. https://repology.org/
[4]. https://pkgs.org/

11. fedora firefox enable DRM

需要安裝 Widevine Content Decryption Module provided by Google Inc.
需要能夠正常訪問 google 纔會自動下載該插件.
我的自動下載對應的版本是:
Mozilla Firefox 62.0.3.
~/.mozilla/firefox/xxxxxxxx.default/gmp-widevinecdm/1.4.9.1088/
也可以手動下載. 放到 firefox 的當前所用的 profile 目錄下.
[1]. https://forum.manjaro.org/t/solved-widevine-is-stuck-on-will-be-installed-shortly-in-firefox/67821/5
[2]. https://support.mozilla.org/en-US/questions/1162618

12 fedora 掛載 vmdk

qemu 只讀掛載到 Host

sudo modprobe nbd
sudo qemu-nbd -r -c /dev/nbd1 ./linux_box/VM/image.vmdk
sudo mount /dev/nbd1p1 /mnt

guestmount 掛載到 Host

sudo guestmount -a xyz.vmdk -m /dev/sda1 --rw /mnt

直接加載到已經存在的 Guest
使用 vmware 或 vituralbox 作爲虛擬機硬盤文件加載到已經存在的虛擬機系統上
[1]. https://stackoverflow.com/questions/22327728/mounting-vmdk-disk-image

13 fedora 掛載 exFat

dnf install exfat-utils, dnf install fuse-exfat 需要 rpmfusion repo